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1.
港湾三维水动力和污染物扩散数值模型   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
本文提出一种浅海三维污染物扩散数值模拟的方法。首先建立σ坐标系下的Navier-Stoker方程及物质扩散方程。基于过程分裂法将前者分解为外模式(二维方程组)及内模式(三维方程组);并且引入窄缝法对变边界进行模拟,由此建立三维σ坐标潮流模型;并找到σ坐标系下三维污染物扩散方程的差分方法,最后建立三维σ坐标污染物扩散模型。本模型已被应用于厦门海域,并对其2002年海水水质(CODCr值增量)进行了预测。应用结果表明,这种三维可变边界污染物扩散数值模型能够较好地对具有较大面积浅海滩涂的海区进行水质模拟和预测。  相似文献   

2.
根据湍流封闭理论,建立一种适用于正压浅海湍流运动的雷诺应力封闭模型(RSM),以代替目前三维浅海动力学模型中普遍采用的湍粘性系数的传统假设。通过直接建立并模化f—平面上正压海洋的雷诺应力传输方程,分别得到的微分形式和代数形式的RSM方程组。并讨论了进行数值计算所需要的边界条件。利用该模型可以进一步研究浅海潮流、风暴潮流及风海流等浅海流动的三维结构和湍流特性。  相似文献   

3.
文章以具有自由表面的三维非线性Navier-Stokes方程组为基本控制方程,垂向采用σ坐标变换后得到三维浅海湍流数学模型。数值模拟求解方法采用具有自动迎风、精度高及稳定性好的混合有限分析法求解,最后,以渤海湾潮流模拟算例验证了文中模型及其混合有限分析解法模拟潮流的正确性和应用于工程实际问题的适用性。  相似文献   

4.
采用潮流控制方程和湍封闭方程构建完整的三维浅海潮波定解方程组,建立涠洲岛附近海域的三维潮流数值模型来计算涠洲岛附近海域的潮流和潮位变化情况,采用大海域计算得出的调和常数值作为开边界的输入值,从潮位验证、潮流验证和流场的变化规律等多方面情况看,计算结果与实际监测符合良好,具有较高的精确度,模拟计算结果较真实地反映了涠洲岛附近海域的潮位变化和潮流运动状况.在潮流模拟验证正确的情况下,建立溢油预测模型,采用欧拉-拉格朗日追踪方法,进行油膜中心轨迹的预测,并预测了油膜漂移的扩展面积、扫海面积和残留量随时间的变化值.  相似文献   

5.
黄海北部海域三维潮流数值模型   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
张存智 《海洋预报》2000,17(1):1-13
基于湍流闭合的三维斜压流体动力学方程组,建立了河口及附近浅海域的三维环流数值模型,模型采用ADI差分方法妥动量方各,采用佞步方法求解标量方程,采用总变差减小格式(TVD)来求解各方程中的平 流项。模型提高了计算精度,同时使计算量大幅度缩小。利用本文所建立的数值模型对鸭绿江口及附近海域的潮流场进行了数值模拟,结果表明,模型具有良好的精度。  相似文献   

6.
分别采用模式气压场及模式台风场计算气压分布及风速分布,采用地形拟合的sigma坐标水动力方程组及紊流方程建立了潮流、风暴潮耦合模型。三维水动力方程组通过分裂算子法与Casulli半隐式差分格式直接求解。在珠江口的极值流速计算中,先进行了南海北部的潮流、风暴潮耦合模拟,模拟水位与实测值符合较好。以六区域模拟结果为边界,采用嵌套网格方法,在珠江口进行了高分辨率的潮流、风暴潮耦合模拟。选用1968~1999年共65个影响工程区域的台风过程,计算出珠江口的海域年极值流速序列,分析了该海域多年一遇的极值流速分布。  相似文献   

7.
北部湾三维潮流数值模拟   总被引:18,自引:7,他引:11  
模型以经Sigma坐标变换后具有自由表面的三维非线性Navier-Stokes方程为基本方程,以分裂算子法剖分动量方程,用全隐差分格式求解连续方程得到自由表面,最后计算完整的速度场.此外,采用紊流封闭模型求解垂直方向紊动粘滞系数,准确获得了摩擦影响层的潮流结构.应用本模型计算了北部湾的潮波运动,重现了K1、M2分潮潮波系统并揭示了潮流的空间结构特征.  相似文献   

8.
海岸河口三维潮流数学模型   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文采用有限元法建立了适用于海岸河口浅水地区的三维潮流数学模型,垂向采用绝对分层坐标系统,将整个水柱分成若干层,在每层内通过垂向积分平均,将三维问题简化为多个平面二维问题。在求解有限元方程中,引入集中质量矩阵技术,在时间上采用两步LaxWendroff格式,使有限元方程直接以显式解出,不需联立求解,节省了大量的计算时间和计算内存,通过模拟表面切应力作用在矩形水地上而引起的水流,计算结果与分析解比较一致,并将本模型应用到香港维多利亚水道中,计算结果与实测值亦符合较好,证明本模型是一个实用而有效的三维潮流数学模型。  相似文献   

9.
渤海湾三维变动边界潮流数值模拟   总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4  
基于河口、陆架和海洋模式 (ECOM模型 ) ,引入干湿网格法模拟潮滩涨落的改进 ,建立了渤海湾三维变动边界潮流模型。该模型网格采用为 4 80 m× 6 2 0 m,垂向 4层 ,充分考虑渤海湾潮滩广阔的特点。计算结果与实测值比较符合良好 ,较好地刻画出渤海湾 M2 分潮潮流场的时空分布特点。  相似文献   

10.
申霞  姚琪  王鹏 《海洋通报》2006,25(1):1-7
POM(Princeton Ocean Model)是基于原始方程组的三维斜压海洋模型,其垂向采用σ坐标,便于引入大陆架地形,因此被广泛地应用于河口近岸海域的潮流数值模拟中。但是POM采用固定边界,无法模拟河口近岸海域由于涨落潮而引起的漫滩流。本文概述了国内外动边界技术的研究进展,分析了各种方法的利弊,提出了一种适合于POM模型的干湿法动边界处理技术。该方法以单元为干湿判断对象,保证了水量平衡和计算精度。将该动边界技术引入POM模型中,成功地模拟了南通海域的潮流场,较好地重现了涨落潮造成的潮间带间歇性出没。验证结果表明计算值与实测值吻合较好,真实地反映了该海域的水动力特征。  相似文献   

11.
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance.  相似文献   

12.
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm.  相似文献   

13.
海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明:土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。  相似文献   

14.
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths.  相似文献   

15.
Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations.  相似文献   

16.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(8):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology,  相似文献   

17.
18.
This article presents a methodology developed to evaluate the instability of submarine slopes that extend over a large area. Special attention was paid to (1) the complex geometry (bathymetry) and the expanse of the slope, (2) the heterogeneity of the sediment, and (3) the distribution of the pore pressure. The safety factor was considered as a spatially varying quantity. The General Formulation (GLE, Fredlund and Krahn 1977), which fully satisfies equilibrium conditions, was used for evaluating the stability of the marine slope. The submarine slope failure, which occurred on 16 October 1979 during the construction of the new Nice airport, was studied in order to test the developed model. Geotechnical parameters were taken from experimental tests carried out by IFREMER on 19 cores extracted at different depths (from 27 m to 1300 m) (Cochonat, Bourillet, and Savoye, 1993; Mulder et al., 1994). Many scenarios were proposed in order to explain the cause of the Nice slope failure (Habib, 1994). In this article, two of those scenarios were tested. Simulation results are presented and discussed.  相似文献   

19.
20.
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone.  相似文献   

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