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1.
Copper complexing ligand concentrations in the Daya Bay, Qingdao coast, Jiaozhou Bay, South China Sea and Huanghe Estuary waters were determined by the anodic stripping voltammetry technique. The distribution regularity and the relationship with other parameters were discussed. The results were as follows： Copper complexing ligand concentrations of the South China Sea were a little higher than those of other sea areas, and they were apparently higher than those of the ocean. Compared with the subsurface layer （SSL） in the sea surface microlayer copper complexing ligand concentrations showed an enrichment phenomenon, of which the mechanism is similar to dissolved organic matter. The metal complexing ligand concentration profiles of the South China Sea showed that the value in the sea surface was the highest, then it decreased with depth accruing, and a higher value appeared at the bottom. Copper complex- ing ligand concentrations were higher than those of cadmium and lead. Ligands in each sea area exhibited a complicated property. In short, the distribution regularity of copper complexing ligand concentrations in China＇s coastal waters was consistent with that of other regions in the world. Meanwhile, the positive relationship between the copper complexing ligand concentrations and biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved organic carbon, and viscosity were found clearly. 相似文献
2.
The contents of total copper, total dissolved copper, particulate copper, and free ion copper in the Zhujiang River Estuary were investigated in July 2002 and January 2003 respectively, and the spatial distribution trend of these species of copper were compared in two cruises. It was found that, in summer, the total copper content in the Zhujiang River Estuary increased with salinity, while the content office ion copper decreased with salinity. However, in winter, the contents of total copper and free ion copper both decreased with salinity. So, it could be concluded that, copper content and speciation in the Zhujiang River Estuary were regulated by other factors than runoffdiffusion such as upwelling current. In order to prove the spatial trend of rice ion copper content in the Zhujiang River Estuary, the cultivation of Dunaliella tertiolecta in waters obtained from sampling stations with different salinities was carried out, and the copper uptake by algae cells was measured then. It was found that, the cells＇ uptake of copper increased with rice ion copper, not the content of total copper. 相似文献
3.
Distribution and their pollution assessment of heavy metals in the sediments of the Yalu River Estuary and its adjacent coastal waters 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
GAO Jianhu LI Jun Wang Harry V WANG Yaping WANG Zhenyan BAI Fenglong GAO Shu CHENG Yan 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(6):12-23
The present paper deals with the distribution patterns of heavy metals and the associated influencing factors in the Yalu River Estuary and its adjacent coastal waters.Based upon the analysis of the surficial and core sediments measurements,the pollution of heavy metal and potential ecological risk were evaluated.The burial flux and contents of heavy metals(except for copper) have been continuously increasing since the 1920s.Therefore,the gross potential ecological risk for the sedi-ments was high or very high,and the study area was endangered by heavy metals contamination.Heavy metals originated mainly from upstream pollutant input,correlation analysis showed that chromium,nickel,zinc,cadmium,lead,arsenic,and mercury in the sediments of the middle and west channels as well as the sea area of the western Yalu River Estuary concentrations were most probably derived from similar sources.In contrast,the metal of copper most probably originated from sources different from the other metals.Preliminary studies indicate that copper contamination was most likely the result of emission from mining activities situated at the upstream of the river.The contents of heavy metals in the sediments of estuarine turbidity maximum zone of Yalu River were larger than those of any other areas in the middle channel.With large portion of fine sediments,weaker hydrodynamics,and richer sources of heavy metals,the sediments of the west channel,were even more enriched with heavy metals than those of the middle channel. 相似文献
4.
Spatial and temporal distributions of nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals in the intertidal sediment of the Chang jiang River Estuary in China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Spatial and temporal distributions of nutrients (N and P) and heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd)
in the intertidal sediments at Dongtan wetland of the Changjiang River (Yangtze River) Estuary
were examined by laying one transect running seaward to landward during January, April, June,
August and October of 2005. Total nitrogen (TN) and heavy metal concentrations in the intertidal
sediment showed an increasing trend from open bare °at to the high marsh, with the maximum
concentrations in the high marsh and the minimum values in open bare °at. In contrast, sediment
total phosphorus (TP) concentrations changed little among sampling sites. One-way ANOVA found
that there were signiˉcantly temporal variations of nutrients and heavy metals concentrations in the
intertidal sediment (P <0.05). The concentrations of heavy metals generally showed an increasing
trend from January to October. As compared with other large estuaries, heavy metal contamination
in the intertidal sediment of the Changjiang River Estuary was relatively low. 相似文献
5.
Bacteria abundance, chlorophyll a, ATP and POC concentrations and respiration rates of microorganisms in the Changjiang Estuary and the plume were determined in July 1986. The high values of bacteria abundance occurred in the river mouth in association with suspended matter. It is assumed that bacteria were the major contributor to ATP and the main consumer of dissolved oxygen, and that the relationship between ATP and POC was present in that area. In the dilution zone (salinity; 25-30), instead of bacteria, phytoplankton was the major contributor to ATP and respiration rates, due to diatom bloom. Close relationships between Chi a and ATP, and ATP and POC were observed. Contribution of microbial carbon to POC was also estimated. 相似文献
6.
Taxonomic diversity of fish assemblages in the Changjiang Estuary(Yangtze River Estuary) and its adjacent waters was analyzed based on bottom trawl surveys carried out by R/V Beidou in June,August and October 2006.Four groups of fishes were identified for each survey by the twoway indicator species analysis(TWIA).Taxonomic distinctness,species richness and phylogenetic diversity were used to detect changes in taxonomic structure of fish assemblages.Most dominant fish species mainly belonged to Perciformes,Pleuronectiformes,Clupeiformes,Scorpaeniformes and Tetraodontiformes.Species richness in offshore waters of the survey area was higher than that in the other area.The average taxonomic distinctness value(AvTD,△+ ) of each fish assemblage was close to the average taxonomic distinctness of master list in the Changjiang Estuary(79.9),and had a positive correlation with species richness and Shannon diversity index(H ).A negative correlation was found between variations in taxonomic distinctness(VarTD,Λ + ) and traditional diversity indices,which were caused by fish species component that led to longer average path lengths among species.Taxonomic diversity index(△) had the similar results with species richness,H ,Simpson diversity index(D) and Pielou's evenness index(J ).VarTD also kept stable,which further certificated that fish assemblages and ecological environment were in equilibrium.Taxonomic distinctness index(△* ) was relatively stable in most of fish assemblages,and had higher values in some fish assemblages for a few absolutely dominant species.The present study showed that fish community formed new equilibrium stability in 2006 in the Changjiang Estuary when compared with those in the corresponding months of annual survey from 1985 to 1986.And AvTD in each sampling station was lower than AvTD of master list in the Changjiang Estuary,so some ecological niches were absent in each sampling stations from taxonomic or phylogenetic relationships,these would be helpful to stock natural resource and maintain ecological equilibruim of fish assemblages. 相似文献
7.
Nutrient composition and distributions in coastal waters impacted by the Changjiang plume 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
WANG Xiulin WANG Baodong ZHANG Chuansong SHI Xiaoyong ZHU Chenjian XIE Linping HAN Xiurong XIN Yu WANG Jiangtao 《海洋学报(英文版)》2008,27(5):111-125
Four cruises were conducted during 2002--2003 in the Changjiang Estuary and adjacent coastal areas. The data presented show a clear coast to open sea gradient in nutrients related to the river inputs. Maximum values of chlorophyll a were typically observed at intermediate salinities at surface water and coincided with non-conservative decreases in nutrients along the salinity gradient, indicating that removal of nutrients was related to phytoplankton uptake. The seasonal variations of nutrient concentrations were just opposite to those of chlorophyll a, indicating that the seasonal variations of nutrients were mainly controlled by phytoplankton uptake, whereas riverine inputs merely weakened or balanced its extent. During the estuarine mixing, phosphate demonstrated some remobilization during all the four cruises; whereas both conservative and non-conservative behaviors for dissolved inorganic nitrogen and silicate were observed in the study area, indicating that both biotic and abiotic events may affect their behaviors during the estuarine mixing. Under the influence of freshwater inputs with high value of ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus, the estuarine and coastal waters impacted by the Changjiang plume were high （ 〉 30） in ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus, but rates of primary production were apparently not constrained by any kind of nutrient elements. However, the low （ 〈 1 ） ratio of silicate to nitrogen in most of the study area might be linked with the rapidly increasing frequency of harmful algal bloom （HAB） incidents in recent years in the coastal waters impacted by the Changjiang plume. 相似文献
8.
The offshore waters of the Changjiang Estuary are the transitional areas where river-supplied water and sediment are transported to the sea, and material exchanges occur with the neighbored Hangzhou Bay and the Jiangsu waters. Field observations of currents and sediment properties were conducted to study temporal and spatial distributions of suspended sediments under various dynamical conditions. The high sediment concentrations were found to occur in the western and southern waters of the offshore, and the low concentrations occurred in the eastern and northern waters. This pattern of the suspended sediment concentration (SSC) distribution is obviously influenced by the runoff and tidal current. The significant difference of along-estuary SSC distribution indicates that the SSC is reduced gradually from the west to the east, and that in the spring tide is obviously higher than in the neap tide. The methods of mechanism analysis and equal-area grids were used to calculate the suspended sediment fluxes at the typical cross sections. It was found that 44 percent of total suspended sediments from the Changjiang River were deposited in the submarine delta, and more than 27 percent of sediments were transported southernly into the Hangzhou Bay, and only 9 percent of sediments was supplied and exchanged with the northern Jiangsu waters, and about 20 percent of sediments was delivered offshore to the sea. 相似文献
9.
Distribution characteristics of heavy metals in surface sediments and core sediments of the Shenzhen Bay in Guangdong Province, China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The concentration of zinc, chromium, cadmium, nickel, lead and copper was measured on both surface sediments and core sediments in the Shenzhen Bay. The average contents of all metals have exceeded the background values in the coastal zone of Guangdong Province. Cadmium is a heavy pollution matter which indicates a strong pollution level according to the ecological risk coefficient method. The ecological risk index of the whole area is 299 which belongs to middle and strong level. The area with strong pollution level is the near shore area closing to the inside of Shenzhen Bay, Shakou area is in the middle level while the weak pollution level occurs in Shenzhenhe Estuary according to ecological risk index. The four sediment cores can be divided into two parts based on lead-210 dating, sediments size analysis and economic development period in surrounding areas since 1950 with strong human intervention. The sediment size, deposition rate and human activities have positive relationship with the contents of heavy metals which directly impact the pollution level of heavy metals in sediments in Shenzhen Bay. 相似文献
10.
Preliminary study on the distribution of nutrients, organic matter, trace metals in sea surface microlayer in Xiamen Bay and Jiulong Estuary 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
-The enrichment of nutrients (NOa-, NOa-, PO43-), suspended particles, organic matter (POC, PON,DOC) , and trace metals (Cu, Ni, Cd) was determined in the sea surface microlayer of Xiamen Bay and Jiulong Estuary. The mean enrichment factors ([Xi]microlayer/[Xi ]15cm in depth) mostly ranged between 1 . 0 and 2. 0. The dissolved forms were the major forms of the components measured, the enrichment of dissolved organic matter and suspended particles could lead to the changes in the total amount and speciation of nutrients and trace metals. No correlation was observed between sample concentrations, speciation, enrichment factors and sample locations. However, some evidence shows that these parameters are correlated with sea state, indicating the complexity and dynamic nature of the sea surface microlayer. 相似文献
11.
The concentrations of rare earth elements in the dissolved, acid-soluble and residual phases in surface waters of the Changjiang
Estuary were determined using ICP-MS. The main purposes of the study are to understand the estuarine geochemistry of rare
earth elements and to explore water-particle interactions in the Changjiang estuarine mixing zone. The results show that there
are two distinct processes operating on dissolved rare earth elements in the estuary: large scale removal at low salinities
due to salt-induced coagulation and remarkable release at mid to high salinities. These processes result in modification of
the effective river water flux and the systematical fractionation of the dissolved rare earth elements toward the East China
Sea. The increase in concentration of dissolved rare earth elements in the mid to high salinity waters of the Changjiang Estuary
suggests a sediment source in the mixing zone of the estuary, which is located over a shallow, broad shelf where there is
extensive physical contact between bottom sediment and estuarine waters. Acid-soluble rare earth elements, the concentrations
of which also dropped sharply in the low salinity region, appear to be controlled by salt-induced coagulation process and
intense deposition of suspended particulate matter in the low salinity region. In the mid to high salinities, all acid-soluble
rare earth element concentrations increase slightly with increasing salinity, suggesting that resuspension of sediments occurred.
In contrast, the residual rare earth element concentrations are relatively constant with salinity variation in the Changjiang
estuarine surface waters. 相似文献
12.
分别于2012年3月和7月对长江口及其邻近海域水体中溶解态铝的分布及其影响因素进行了研究,并在2012年3月至2013年11月期间对长江徐六泾进行了连续观测。结果表明,徐六泾溶解态铝在夏季出现最高值,在冬季呈现最低值,平均值分别为(313±130)nmol/L和(140±43)nmol/L,表现出与径流量相似的季节变化规律。受陆源输入变化的影响,长江口溶解态铝的浓度由近岸向外海逐渐降低,且呈现出明显的季节性差异,即7月明显高于3月。3月表、底层海水中溶解态铝的浓度范围分别为21~129 nmol/L和27~146 nmol/L,平均值分别为(49±21)nmol/L和(59±27)nmol/L;7月表、底层溶解态铝的浓度范围分别为6~332 nmol/L和9~252 nmol/L,平均值分别为(66±69)nmol/L和(83±74)nmol/L。在7月,表、底层溶解态铝呈现显著性差异,底层沉积物的再悬浮可能是造成差异的主要原因。调查结果表明,溶解态铝在长江口呈现出清除型行为,清除主要发生在咸淡水混合初期,初步计算出7月份溶解态铝的清除率约为55%。 相似文献
13.
The concentrations of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc were measured at two locations in surface waters of the western North Atlantic. Samples were collected upstream of the research vessel in 1-1 teflon bottles, and in a 30-1 teflon-coated Go-flo bottle. Surface mixed-layer samples were also collected at each location by ship cast using this same Go-flo sampler. A comparison of the three sampling modes shows that all the samples taken with the Go-flo sampler possessed much higher concentrations of zinc (7–10-fold) and lead (2–3-fold) than those collected directly in teflon bottles. No apparent differences were noted at each station in the concentrations of either copper or cadmium among the samples collected by the three different procedures. The measured values for copper and cadmium in these waters are in good agreement with recent reports for the western North Atlantic. 相似文献
14.
P.W. Balls 《Marine Chemistry》1985,15(4)
Cadmium, lead and copper have been determined in both dissolved and particulate phases for 130 surface-water samples from the coastal zone of Scotland and England in the western North Sea. The concentrations reported are, in general, lower than those published previously for the same area.The distribution of total metal concentration between the dissolved and particulate phases varies for the three elements. The lead distribution is dominated by its associations with particulate material while cadmium shows the reverse behaviour, existing almost totally in the dissolved phase. Copper is intermediate in behaviour, with the dissolved phase generally being dominant.An inverse relationship between salinity and dissolved copper concentration suggests a freshwater origin for this element. It is suggested that sedimentary and/or anthropogenic sources affect dissolved copper concentrations in coastal waters. The dissolved lead distribution reveals plumes of contaminated coastal water. The lead distribution is, however, dominated by associations with particulate material and sediments which produce a sharp concentration gradient close to the coast. The Humber estuary is identified as a significant source of cadmium to the North Sea. 相似文献
15.
海水碳酸盐体系参数是反映碳循环调控机理和季节性酸化过程的重要海水化学参数.本文根据2011年3月、7月、11月和12月4个不同季节航次获取的长江口海域海水碳酸盐体系参数,探讨了长江口-东海P断面溶解无机碳(DIC)和总碱度(T A)的空间分布特征及其影响因素.结果表明:内陆架区,DIC和T A的平均值均表现为:夏季<秋季<冬季<春季;垂直分布上,夏季和秋季受长江冲淡水影响出现层化现象,春季和冬季均垂直混合较均匀.东海内陆架DIC与温度和DO呈显著负相关;T A则受温度和DO变化影响较小,与盐度呈正相关.结合2011年东海外陆架的PN断面数据分析,DIC和pH分别与表观耗氧量(AOU)呈显著正相关和负相关,东海外陆架的pH/AOU的斜率为-0.0027 pH/(μmol·kg-1);而内陆架区的pH/AOU的斜率为-0.0018 pH/(μmol·kg-1),低于黑潮次表层水中pH/AOU的斜率.东海内陆架区由于存在季节性的通风作用以及较强的海水碳酸盐体系缓冲能力,底层水体中因有机质耗氧降解导致的季节性酸化信号在一定程度上得到了缓解. 相似文献
16.
17.
Seco Pon JP Beltrame O Marcovecchio J Favero M Gandini P 《Marine environmental research》2011,72(1-2):40-45
We investigated the concentrations of cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, nickel, lead and zinc among feather tissues in sexes of Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophrys killed in longliners off Argentina in 2005. We found no different metal concentration with sex for cadmium, copper, iron, lead and zinc in feathers of adult birds, though there were significant body-size differences between sexes. However, the concentrations of trace metals differed significantly among the type of feather within individual bird. The mean concentrations of copper, iron, and zinc in breast feathers of T.?melanophrys were lower than those reported for the species from Georgias del Sur/South Georgia, the southern Indian Ocean and for other seabirds' worldwide. While cadmium fall within the known range of concentrations for bird feathers lead were not. Our results may be indicating that level of pollution in Patagonia may not be as negligible as previously thought at least for some trace metals. 相似文献
18.
根据2002—2003年长江口28°00'~32°00'N,122°00'~123°30'E海域4个季节的海洋调查数据,运用定量、定性方法探讨了长江口及邻近海域浮游端足类总丰度的平面分布、季节变化及与渔场的关系,分析了优势种的数量变动和对浮游端足类总丰度的贡献,并与东海外海种类的生态特征做了比较。结果表明,长江口及邻近海域浮游端足类丰度季节变化主要受温度的影响,而平面分布变化则与盐度相关。平均丰度在夏季最高(2.75个/m3),在冬季最低(0.10个/m3)。本次调查共发现浮游端足类49种,江湖独眼钩虾(Monoculodes limnophilus)和裂颏蛮(Lestrigonus schizogeneios)是最主要的优势种,江湖独眼钩虾在四季中对端足类总丰度都有很大贡献,在春秋冬三季为第一优势种,说明江湖独眼钩虾对相对较低的温度具有一定的适应能力,裂颏蛮则只在春夏秋季有较大贡献,其中夏季裂颏蛮贡献率为0.87,高于江湖独眼钩虾,这与裂颏蛮具有较高温度的环境适应能力有关。浮游端足类种类数与总丰度都与表层温度的线性相关显著,同表层盐度的相关不显著。作为长江口鱼类的重要饵料之一,浮游端足类的数量分布对长江口和舟山海域渔场的形成有重要的意义。 相似文献
19.
河口只是河流与海洋之间的一小部分水域,但对人类社会的发展和生物的进化起着重要的作用。它不仅是生物种群繁殖、育幼和栖息的场所,而且是溯河和降海鱼类洄游的必经之路,因此,河口对生物种群的繁衍延续和资源补充,以及保持生态平衡具有十分重要的意义。
然而,河口又是生态环境十分脆弱和敏感的水域,同时也是受人类干扰最为严重的区域。因此,河口的生态环境问题愈来愈引起人们的关注,其中包括长江三峡水库的兴建对长江口及其附近海域生态、环境的影响,特别是对位于河口两侧的我国著名两大渔场——舟山渔场和吕四渔场的影响问题。影响渔业资源的因子是多方面而且错综复杂的。本文主要通过长江径流的变化与环境因子变量的相关分析,并根据三峡水库不同蓄水方案,对河口近海渔业的影响问题进行初步探讨。 相似文献
20.
利用2006年夏季长江口调查数据分析了长江口海域硝酸盐(NO3-)、亚硝酸盐(NO2-)、铵盐(NH4+)大面分布,NO3-浓度呈近岸高、外海低的特征,NO2-和NH4+浓度在上海市排污口位置有高值区并向外扩散。NO3-,NH4+浓度总体上符合咸淡水混合之稀释效应,与盐度的相关系数(r2)分别为0.815,0.255,呈保守行为,而NO2-浓度与盐度的相关性系数为0.074,呈非保守行为。在确定了淡水端元和咸水端元的基础上,做出理论稀释曲线TDL(theoretical dilution line),由于上海市污染物的输入,淡水端元NO3-,NO2-,NH4+浓度不同程度地正偏于TDL,在外海深层水范围内有机颗粒矿化再生亦呈加入态势。对应高溶解氧的盐度羽状峰处,由于真光层初级生产较强,表层NO3-浓度负偏于TDL约1~19μmol/dm3,NO2-,NH4+浓度也存在不同程度的减小。在长江口最大浑浊带附近,由于高浓度悬浮物吸附NH4+而呈现明显的迁出机制。外海表层海水三氮营养盐浓度数据点偏离TDL程度较小,但在底层由于来自上层的有机颗粒耗氧分解而再生出营养盐,使NO3-,NO2-,NH4+浓度数据一般在TDL之上。 相似文献