共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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中国珊瑚礁资源状况及其药用研究调查 Ⅲ.民间药用与药物研究状况 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对中国珊瑚药用状况和研究现状进行了调查.结果表明,中国有造礁石珊瑚、柳珊瑚、软珊瑚等珊瑚物种 490 种,民间药用的仅有22种.目前,已经对100种南海软珊瑚和柳珊瑚进行了化学成分的研究.其中,软珊瑚以豆荚软珊瑚Lobophytum,肉芝软珊瑚Sarcophyton,短指软珊瑚Sinularia,柔荑软珊瑚Nephthea和异花软珊瑚Xenia等属研究较多,柳珊瑚以小月柳珊瑚Menella,竹节柳珊瑚Isis和灯芯柳珊瑚Junceella等属研究较多.主要化合物结构类型包括二萜、甾体、倍半萜,含氮化合物等,其中部分化合物显示较强的抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗氧化、防生物附着等多种生物活性,具有潜在的药物开发应用价值. 相似文献
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运用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析和HPLC等技术,采用活性追踪分离的方法,对南海短指软珊瑚Sinularia sp.的化学成分进行了研究.从乙醇提取物中分离获得单体化合物,运用NMR,MS等波谱技术鉴定了8个化合物的结构,分别为:3β-羟基-24-亚甲基胆甾-5-烯-7-酮(1),孕甾烯醇酮(2),cembrene A(3),epoxycembrane A(4),4,8,12-trimethyl-1-(1-methylethenyl)-3,7-cyclotetradecadien-10-one(5),(3E,7E,11E)-11,12-dihydroxy-1-isopropyl-4,8,12-trimethyicyclotetradeca-1,3,7-triene(6),邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(7)和十九烷-2-酮(8).化合物5和8为首次从珊瑚动物中分离得到,6为首次从短指软珊瑚属中分离得到.化合物3和4显示较强的卤虫致死活性.西松烷二萜类化合物是该短指软珊瑚中的重要活性成分. 相似文献
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软珊瑚(Soft coral)属腔肠动物珊瑚纲八放珊瑚亚纲中的软珊瑚目。七十年代以来,澳大利亚、美国、日本等国家先后对软珊瑚生理活性物质进行了研究,目前对软珊瑚的研究在国内外受到广泛的重视,并且发现它们中的不少种类含有结构新颍的萜类、甾醇以及含氮化合物等。这些化合物不少具有抗菌、抗肿瘤的作用,而且对心血管系统也具有明显的生理活性。为了探讨软珊瑚的药用价值,在前文的基础上,我们对采自南海的细弱鳞花软珊瑚(Lemnalia exilis)进一步进行药理研究。 相似文献
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采用卤虫致死和细胞毒活性筛选模型,对1种中国南海短指软珊瑚Sinularia sp.的乙醇提取物及各有机相进行了克生活性测定。结果表明,克生活性物质主要集中在石油醚相中。采用GC/MS技术,对石油醚相进行了分析,鉴定了15个化合物,主要为脂类和甾体类化合物;从石油醚相的甾醇部分鉴定了6个化合物,主要为麦角甾醇衍生物,占总甾醇含量的75.7%。推测甾醇类化合物是短指软珊瑚Sinularia sp.的主要克生活性物质。 相似文献
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软珊瑚属腔肠动物,是热带、亚热带常见的海洋生物。我国西沙群岛、海南岛沿海一带分布普遍,资源十分丰富。软珊瑚的代谢产物包含多种结构新颖的萜类、甾醇等有机化合物,其中不少具有抗菌、抗癌等生理活性。目前,对软珊瑚的研究在国内外已引起广泛的重视。为了探讨南海软珊瑚的抗菌能力,我们对南海八种软珊瑚进行了抑菌研究试验。 相似文献
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Effects of Soft Corals on Scleractinian Coral Recruitment. II: Allelopathy, Spat Survivorship and Reef Community Structure 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract. Two field experiments were performed on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, at Orpheus Island and Lizard Island, respectively, to investigate the effects of allelopathic soft corals on survivorship and community structure of scleractinian coral spat. Ceramic tiles were placed around the allelopathic soft corals Sinularia flexibilis (Quoy & Gaimard 1833) and Sarcophyton glaucum (Quoy & Gaimard 1833), and controls. One control consisted of settlement plates surrounding a scleractinian coral (non‐allelopathic planktivore); another control had no adult soft or scleractinian coral present. The experimental soft corals affected the recruitment of various taxonomic groups of coral spat differentially, as evidenced by the diversity of coral spat settling in treatments and controls. At Orpheus Island (O.I., n = 1038 spat) and Lizard Island (L.I., n = 7032 spat), there were significant differences between recruitment success of the two dominant coral taxa, Pocilloporidae (O.I., 61.4 %; L.I., 20.5 %) and Acroporidae (O.I., 33.7 %; L.I., 53 %). Settlement plates exposed to Sinularia flexibilis at either site had the lowest proportion of acroporid recruits. Diversity indices (Shannon‐Wiener Indices) varied significantly between treatments at both Orpheus and Lizard Islands. This appears to be due to selective inhibition of acroporid spat by Sinularia flexibilis at both sites. Growth of coral spat was higher on settlement plates in the presence of Sarcophyton at Lizard Island. Settlement of most associated epibiota was generally inhibited under these conditions. Coral spat survivorship was highest in the presence of Sinularia at Orpheus Island; at Lizard Island, this was the case with the Sarcophyton treatment. Higher survivorship, and in some cases growth, of coral spat near soft corals was apparently due to reduced competition for space between spat and associated epibiota. This hypothesis is supported by the results of a sister experiment where a coating of Sinularia flexibilis extract on settlement tiles significantly decreased fouling by sessile epibiota. Soft corals have an allelopathic effect on recruitment and early development of scleractinian corals and, consequently, on early coral reef community succession. 相似文献
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The dissolved organic matter in seawater is grouped into two fractions which are defined as having greatly differing reactivities with respect to both chemical and biological decomposition. One fraction, which constitutes the bulk of the material, is extremely stable and inert and is only slowly degraded by either chemical or biological processes. The other fraction, which is composed of trace organic compounds derived from living organisms, contains components such as free amino acids which are rapidly degraded, probably by marine organisms which use these compounds as a food source. Conclusions about the cycle of organic compounds in seawater based on total organic carbon concentrations could thus be misleading, since pathways involving labile trace organic constituents would be completely obscured. Investigations of the distribution, concentration, and possible diagenetic reactions of specific organic compounds are necessary in order to elucidate the cycle of these compounds in the oceans. 相似文献
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采用硅胶柱层析色谱法、中压正相柱层析色谱法、中压反相柱层析色谱法以及半制备高效液相色谱法对中国南海软珊瑚来源真菌Acremonium sp. SCSIO41216的大米发酵产物进行分离纯化, 并使用核磁共振、质谱等波谱学方法, 结合其理化性质及文献数据鉴定了7个单体化合物结构: fischexanthone(1)、sydowinin A (2)、(22E)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (3)、16-O-去乙酰基夫西地酸内酯(4)、环-(S)-脯氨酸-(R)-亮氨酸(5)、环-(S)-脯氨酸-8-羟基-(R)-异亮氨酸(6)和环(L)-脯氨酸-(L)-苯丙氨酸(7)。化合物1—7均首次从海洋软珊瑚来源的枝顶孢属真菌(Acremonium sp.)中分离获得。 相似文献
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印太交汇区不仅是热带物理海洋海气能量汇聚中心、地质板块活跃中心以及生物多样性中心,而且也是用于开展地球系统物质能量交换与全球气候变化以及海洋生物多样性起源研究的理想靶区,因此一直受到世界科学家们的广泛关注。作为全球34个生物多样性热点区域之一,印太交汇区的珊瑚礁三角区孕育了全球76%的造礁珊瑚、75%的红树林、50%的珊瑚礁鱼类和45%的海草物种数。鱼类是珊瑚礁生态系统中最重要的组成部分之一,在整个印度-太平洋海域中珊瑚礁群落的组成和维持中起到重要作用。过去,生物学家们围绕热带珊瑚礁鱼类多样性格局与演化做了大量工作,提出了许多生物地理学假说模型,如中心物种形成模型、汇聚中心模型、重叠中心模型和华莱氏线假说等,这些假说在一些珊瑚礁鱼类类群得到验证。但是,相对于印太交汇区的热带珊瑚礁鱼类多样性研究,深海的鱼类区系和生物多样性研究起步较晚,仍缺乏时间序列的观测数据和系统研究。目前对于印太交汇区深海与浅海生物多样性中心形成演化机制以及深浅海生物之间的源汇关系认知方面仍存在分歧。本文梳理了过去国内外学者在印太交汇区鱼类多样性方面的研究工作,综述了该地区浅海热带珊瑚礁和深海鱼类多样性格局演化研究最新进展,提出在深海极端环境和生命过程研究对策,以期为探讨印太交汇区海洋生物多样性中心形成演化过程及证实/证伪各种生物地理学假说提出科学论据,并为战略生物资源开发利用提供新视角。 相似文献