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1.
大亚湾及其邻近海域冬、夏季各14个临时水位观测点1个月的实测潮位资料显示:各站的水位曲线均呈现明显的"双峰"现象,且湾顶比湾口更为明显。本文采用了调和分析方法,给出M_2、S_2、K_1、O_1四个主要分潮及M_4、M_6、2MS_6三个浅水分潮的振幅和迟角同潮图,分析大亚湾的主要潮汐特征,探讨了浅水分潮对双峰结构的贡献,并采用交叉谱分析对余水位与风的相关性进行了讨论。结果表明:(1)大亚湾海域各主要分潮振幅均由湾口向湾顶递增;高潮发生时间由湾口向湾顶推迟;涨潮历时均大于落潮历时;平均潮差在湾顶达到最大;(2)大亚湾内属于不正规半日潮,而考洲洋及其湾外海域则属于不正规全日潮;(3)大亚湾内浅水效应明显,从湾口至湾顶,六分之一日分潮的振幅呈5—7倍的增长,主导了大亚湾潮波系统的形变;(4)分潮重构结果显示,四分之一日和六分之一日浅水分潮(尤其是2MS_6分潮)的异常增长,是导致大亚湾潮汐双峰现象的主要原因;(5)冬季大亚湾内各点的余水位与风速呈现正相关,相关系数均在0.53以上;(6)周期为0.45—0.53 d的沿岸风对各站余水位的影响最大。 相似文献
2.
Atmospheric correction of Landsat data for the retrieval of sea surface temperature in coastal waters 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1IntroductionRemote sensingis an effective approach for esti-mation of the sea surface temperature(SST),andadvanced very high resolution radiometer(AVHRR)and moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)thermal infared(TIR)data are widelyused in th… 相似文献
3.
介绍了一种将大气效应考虑在内、利用Landsat TM、ETM+热红外数据进行近海岸海表水温反演的单窗算法.在该算法中,将地表气温、相对湿度等常规气象资料作为初始参数,根据对流层中大气温度随高度呈线性降低、水汽随高度呈指数衰减的规律,建立了估算平均大气温度及水汽含量的通用模式.通过与实测数据及MODIS Terra海表水温产品比较发现,该算法能够提高运用TM/ETM+TIR单波段数据进行近岸海表水温(SST)反演的精度:一方面,反演所得结果更接近于海表实际水温;另一方面,它在一定程度上剔除大气中的水汽对SST反演的影响,进而提高海表水温的温度对比度.该提出的大气校正算法只需地表大气温度及相对湿度资料,该算法也无需进行大气模式的界定. 相似文献
4.
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5.
海湾岸线是海湾变迁监测的重要对象。文章利用美国陆地资源卫星Landsat-5/TM、Landsat-7/ETM和中国环境减灾星HJ-1A、B/CCD遥感数据,对渤海湾1986-2014年近30年来的水域面积、岸线长度和岸线分形维数进行了解译测算。结果表明,渤海湾平均高潮位的水域面积呈现不断减小的趋势,其数值由1986年的(13 909.97±3.53)km~2减少至2014年的(12 641.99±11.50)km~2;岸线长度呈现先减小再增加的变化规律,其数值由1986年的(968.41±1.84)km减少至1998年的(642.43±2.59)km,再增加至2014年的(850.94±10.78)km;渤海湾岸线分形维数从1986年的1.110 2下降至2014年的1.064 9;同时分析发现养殖场建造、围填海和港口建设等海洋工程是渤海湾岸线变迁的主要驱动力因素;渤海湾岸线分形维数与天津市国内生产总值(GDP)的倒数变化呈现线性相关系数为0.95的高相关性。文章的测算和分析结果对海湾动力学研究、环境变迁评估和海湾开发管理具有参考价值。 相似文献
6.
对海洋上空卫星测得的近红外波段辐射所反映的信息进行理论分析，表明卫星近红外波段图像上反映的是海况信息。1986年11月5日陆地卫星TM6图像显示胶州湾海表温度的波状分布，TM2，TM3，TM4波段彩色合成图显示胶州湾的悬浮泥沙含量分布和泥沙运动。TM4图像显示在海洋波动和风力作用下的海况，并用实测潮汐资料、气象信息解译胶州湾海况。在胶州湾中、西部，悬浮泥沙含量较高，而TM4波段辐射值较低，图像阴暗，较高的泥沙含量并没有提高TM4波段的辐射值。胶州湾东部，悬浮泥沙含量较低，而TM4波段辐射值较高，图像明亮。TM4波段辐射值并不反映泥沙含量和海底深度，它们仅提供海洋表面粗糙度或海况信息。 相似文献
7.
Hiroaki Sasaki Akihiko Tanaka Mitsunori Iwataki Yasuharu Touke Eko Siswanto Chun Knee Tan Joji Ishizaka 《Journal of Oceanography》2008,64(4):511-523
Remote sensing reflectance [R
rs(λ)] and absorption coefficients of red tides were measured in Isahaya Bay, southwestern Japan, to investigate differences in
the optical properties of red tide and non-red tide waters. We defined colored areas of the sea surface, visualized from shipboard,
as “red tides”. Peaks of the R
rs(λ) spectra of non-red tide waters were at 565 nm, while those of red tides shifted to longer wavelengths (589 nm). The spectral
shape of R
rs(λ) was close to that of the reciprocal of the total absorption coefficient [1/a(λ)], implying that the R
rs(λ) peak is determined by absorption. Absorption coefficients of phytoplankton [a
ph(λ)], non-pigment particles and colored dissolved organic matter increased with increasing chlorophyll a concentration (Chl a), and those coefficients were correlated with Chl a for both red tide and non-red tide waters. Using these relationships between absorption coefficients and Chl a, variation in the spectrum of 1/a(λ) as a function of Chl a was calculated. The peak of 1/a(λ) shifted to longer wavelengths with increasing Chl a. Furthermore, the relative contribution of a
ph(λ) to the total absorption in red tide water was significantly higher than in non-red tide water in the wavelength range 550–600
nm, including the peak. Our results show that the variation of a
ph(λ) with Chl a dominates the behavior of the R
rs(λ) peak, and utilization of R
rs(λ) peaks at 589 and 565 nm may be useful to discriminate between red tide and non-red tide waters by remote sensing. 相似文献
8.
9.
苏北近岸水域"五条沙"侵蚀发育的卫星监测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用2000年3月26日、5月20日和9月18日Landsat-5卫星的TM和Landsat-7卫星ETM多波段多时相图像数据,经几何、辐射校正、海洋潮汐订正和多波段合成处理后,采用图象等灰度线-海图主特征地形10 m等深线配准相关法,对覆盖区内苏北岸段(32°00′~34°00′N,120°00′~123°00′E)范围内的岸滩,水下地形,潮流沙脊等重要地貌特征及其走向进行了分析和解译,并利用减法对研究区的沙洲沙脊进行点对点的经纬度计算,进而给出研究区内沙洲沙脊的逐点侵蚀与发育量值,获得了研究区内水下沙脊侵蚀发育的分析数据。结果显示,近15 a来,位于北凌河和九洋河外的蒋家沙南部有明显的侵蚀特征,范围明显收缩,而其北部有明显的向NE方向发育的特征;位于北侧的外毛竹沙等3条沙脊向N或向NNW方向延伸的趋势明显,其范围也显著加大。对比由卫星图象解译获得的10 m等深线和1986年出版的海图(10 m等深线)发现,外毛竹沙向北延伸了30 km;蒋家沙向北偏东延伸了11 km;而毛竹沙与太平沙之间的菱形“无名沙”向北延伸了约11 km。 相似文献
10.
采用衍生化处理和气相色谱-质谱联用分析方法, 测定了珠江口及其以东近海海域表层海水中的三氟乙酸(Trifluoroacetic acid, TFA)含量。珠江口及其以东近岸的红海湾和大亚湾海区TFA浓度范围分别为113—170ng.L–1和202—336ng.L–1。红海湾内海水中TFA的平均水平(279ng.L–1)明显高于外海海水(210ng.L–1), 说明港湾内或其周边地区可能有TFA的点源输入。此外, 外海海水中TFA平均浓度比珠江口高69.1ng.L–1, 表明这种亲水性强、稳定性高的化合物除了已知的人为来源外, 可能还存在未知的人为源或自然源, 使得海洋作为其最终的汇浓度不断累积。 相似文献
11.
12.
Interannual variability of the Japan/East Sea (JES) sea surface temperature (SST) is investigated from the reconstructed NOAA/AVHRR
Oceans Pathfinder best SST data (1985–2002) using the complex empirical function (CEOF) analysis. The iterative empirical
function analysis is used for the SST data reconstruction. The first two leading CEOFs account for 86.0% of total variance
with 66.4% for the first mode and 19.6% for the second mode. The first CEOF mode represents a standing oscillation and a maximum
belt in the central JES. There are two near-7-year events and one 2–3-year event during the period of 1985–2002. The first
mode oscillates by adjacent atmospheric systems such as the Aleutian Low, the North Pacific High, the Siberian High, and the
East Asian jet stream. Positive correlation in a zonal belt between the first mode JES SST anomaly and the background surface
air temperature/SST anomaly reveals intensive ocean-atmosphere interaction near the Polar Front in the North Pacific. The
second CEOF mode represents two features: standing oscillation and propagating signal. The standing oscillation occurs in
the northern (north of 44°N) and southern (south of 39°N and west of 136°E) JES with around 180° phase difference. A weak
southwestward propagating signal is detected between the two regions. The eastward propagating signal is detected from the
East Korean Bay to near 135°E. The second mode contains 4–5-year periodicity before 1998 and 2–3-year periodicity thereafter.
It is associated with the Arctic Oscillation, which leads it by 1–5-year. Furthermore, a strong correlation with the background
surface air temperature/SST anomaly is detected in the tropical to subtropical western Pacific. 相似文献
13.
夏季外海水入侵对大亚湾浮游植物群落结构的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
夏季大亚湾存在由粤东沿岸上升流所引起的外海水入侵现象,且入侵强度存在年际差异,作者利用大亚湾2004～2017年历年夏季航次调查数据,将弱入侵年份与强入侵年份进行对比分析,以探讨外海水入侵对大亚湾浮游植物群落结构的影响。结果显示,当外海水入侵由弱变强时,湾内水体理化特征发现显著变化,水体由高温低盐转变为低温高盐,N、P等营养盐含量出现下降。海水理化性质的改变导致了浮游植物群落结构的变化,硅藻、甲藻种类数以及浮游植物Shannon-wiener指数均出现升高;浮游植物总丰度和硅藻丰度下降,甲藻丰度变化不明显;常见浮游植物种类伪菱形藻属(Pseudo-nitzschiasp.)、角毛藻属(Chaetocerossp.)和叉角藻(Ceratiumfurca)丰度出现下降,而中肋骨条藻(Skeletonemacostatum)和菱形海线藻(Thalassionemanitzschioides)丰度出现升高;优势种由单一硅藻种类向硅藻和甲藻共为优势转变。此外,外海水入侵还会通过改变海水理化因子的空间分布以及湾内上层水体流向来影响浮游植物群落结构的空间分布。 相似文献
14.
采用2. 0 mol/dm~3Na_2CO_3溶液5h单点化学提取-硅钼蓝连续分光光度分析法分别测定了大亚湾西部海域13个表层沉积物和1个沉积物岩芯中生物硅的含量.表层沉积物和沉积物岩芯中生物硅含量占比分别为0. 69%～2. 02%和1. 24%～2. 05%,平均值分别为1. 42%和1. 60%.结果证实西大亚湾沉积物中生物硅含量水平与我国南海近岸海域基本一致.在210Pbex测年的基础上,通过分析沉积物岩芯中生物硅、有机物、无机碳等多指标,揭示近百年来大亚湾周边环境变化对海洋环境的影响,证实了上世纪80年代以来西大亚湾周边农业、海水养殖业和工业发展等人类活动加剧了该海域生态环境变化,尤其90年代核电站运行对海洋生态变化造成一定的影响. 相似文献
15.
海洋净初级生产力(Net Primary Productivity, NPP)长时间序列分析可获取NPP多年变化趋势、季节变化等动态信息,对海洋环境的监测与预报具有重要意义。本文以2003～2013年月际尺度净初级生产力卫星遥感产品为数据源,通过奇异谱分析提取标准化净初级生产力时间序列的长期趋势和周期振荡特征。研究表明,①浮标监测数据的叶绿素a浓度、海表温度与MODIS的叶绿素a浓度、海表温度产品变化趋势基本一致,NPP时间序列产品可用于分析深圳近岸海域净初级生产力的变化趋势。②空间分布上,深圳西部海域的NPP和叶绿素a浓度远高于大鹏湾和大亚湾,大鹏湾和大亚湾的NPP和叶绿素a浓度均值及变化趋势非常接近。三个海区NPP、叶绿素a浓度、海表温度和光合有效辐射在季风转换期变化剧烈。③长期趋势上,深圳西部海域呈现2 a周期波动趋势,在均值附近以年为周期上下波动。大鹏湾和大亚湾2003～2006年NPP低于平均水平, 2008年后NPP开始以年为周期围绕平均值上下波动, 2012年后NPP整体与均值持平。④周期特征上,深圳西部海域、大鹏湾和大亚湾的NPP呈"W"或"M"型周年变化,存在夏季主高峰(6～7月)和冬季次高峰(12～1月)。 相似文献
16.
Fugacity of CO2 (fCO2), temperature, salinity, nutrients, and chlorophyll-a were measured in the surface waters of southwestern East Sea/Japan Sea in July 2005. Surface waters were divided into three
waters based on hydrographic characteristics: the water with moderate sea surface temperature (SST) and high sea surface salinity
(SSS) located east of the front (East water); the water with high SST and moderate SSS located west of the front (West water);
and the water with low SST and SSS located in the middle part of the study area (Middle water). High fCO2 larger than 420 μatm were found in the West water. In the Middle water, CO2 was undersaturated with respect to the atmosphere, with values between 246 and 380 μatm. Moderate fCO2 values ranging from 370 to 420 μatm were observed in the East water. For the East and West waters, estimates of temperature
dependency of fCO2 (12.6 and 15.1 μatm °C−1, respectively) were rather similar to a theoretical value, indicating that SST is likely to be a major factor controlling
the surface fCO2 distribution in these two regions. In the Middle water, however, the estimated temperature dependence was somewhat lower
than the theoretical value, and relatively high concentrations of surface chlorophyll-a coincided with the low surface fCO2, implying that biological uptake may considerably affect the fCO2 distribution. The net sea-to-air CO2 flux of the study area was estimated to be 0.30±4.81 mmol m−2 day−1 in summer, 2005. 相似文献
17.
根据2012—2016年的9个浮标自动监测数据, 分析了深圳东部近岸海域溶解氧浓度的时空分布特征及其与主要水质参数的相关关系。结果表明, 大亚湾海域溶解氧浓度含量在2.15~14.86mg·L-1之间, 平均值为7.31mg·L-1, 大鹏湾海域整体表层溶解氧浓度范围为1.43~15.61mg·L-1, 平均值为7.13mg·L-1; 在时间分布上, 深圳东部海域溶解氧含量呈现白天高于夜间, 春、夏、秋季低, 冬季高的趋势; 在空间分布上, 深圳东部海域溶解氧含量呈现出夏秋季大亚湾高于大鹏湾, 春冬季大亚湾和大鹏湾相差不大的特点。Pearson相关性分析表明, 该海区溶解氧含量与温度、盐度、浊度及叶绿素a存在显著的线性相关性, 且相关关系呈现出随季节变化的差异性。 相似文献
18.
Since the atmospheric correction is a necessary preprocessing step of remote sensing image before detecting green tide, the introduced error directly affects the detection precision. Therefore, the detection method of green tide is presented from Landsat TM/ETM plus image which needs not the atmospheric correction. In order to achieve an automatic detection of green tide, a linear relationship(y =0.723 x+0.504) between detection threshold y and subtraction x(x=λ_(nir)–λ_(red)) is found from the comparing Landsat TM/ETM plus image with the field surveys.Using this relationship, green tide patches can be detected automatically from Landsat TM/ETM plus image.Considering there is brightness difference between different regions in an image, the image will be divided into a plurality of windows(sub-images) with a same size firstly, and then each window will be detected using an adaptive detection threshold determined according to the discovered linear relationship. It is found that big errors will appear in some windows, such as those covered by clouds seriously. To solve this problem, the moving step k of windows is proposed to be less than the window width n. Using this mechanism, most pixels will be detected[n/k]×[n/k] times except the boundary pixels, then every pixel will be assigned the final class(green tide or sea water) according to majority rule voting strategy. It can be seen from the experiments, the proposed detection method using multi-windows and their adaptive thresholds can detect green tide from Landsat TM/ETM plus image automatically. Meanwhile, it avoids the reliance on the accurate atmospheric correction. 相似文献
19.
沉积物中磷的存在形态及其生物可利用性研究 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
用MgCl2,NaOH和HCl对大亚湾的大鹏澳、南海的珠江口、厦门湾的胡里山沉积物进行了逐级提取和总磷分析,并以这3种沉积物为惟一磷源培养小球藻和球等鞭金藻,估算了藻类对沉积物中磷的可利用量.结果表明,3种沉积物总磷含量分别为449.3,650.1和643.9mg/kg;MgCl2和NaOH提取的生物可利用的非磷灰石无机磷分别为168.8,146.6和118.1mg/kg.非磷灰石无机磷占总磷的18.3%～32.6%.3种提取剂对3种沉积物提取的磷是HCl提取相最大,NaOH提取相次之,MgCl2提取相最小.小球藻和球等鞭金藻在3种沉积物中的最大相对生长率为4.3%～26.9%,两种藻在3种沉积物中的生长与非磷灰石无机磷和藻类可利用的颗粒磷量相对应.颗粒磷占非磷灰石无机磷的42.4%～78.2%,占沉积物中总无机磷的21.1%～27.1%,占总磷的11.8%～20.3%. 相似文献
20.
This paper evaluates whether a thermodynamic ocean-carbon model can be used to predict the monthly mean global fields of the
surface-water partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2SEA) from sea surface salinity (SSS), temperature (SST), and/or nitrate (NO3) concentration using previously published regional total inorganic carbon (CT) and total alkalinity (AT) algorithms. The obtained pCO2SEA values and their amplitudes of seasonal variability are in good agreement with multi-year observations undertaken at the
sites of the Bermuda Atlantic Timeseries Study (BATS) (31°50’N, 60°10’W) and the Hawaiian Ocean Time-series (HOT) (22°45’N,
158°00’W). By contrast, the empirical models predicted CT less accurately at the Kyodo western North Pacific Ocean Time-series (KNOT) site (44°N, 155°E) than at the BATS and HOT sites,
resulting in greater uncertainties in pCO2SEA predictions. Our analysis indicates that the previously published empirical CT and AT models provide reasonable predictions of seasonal variations in surface-water pCO2SEA within the (sub) tropical oceans based on changes in SSS and SST; however, in high-latitude oceans where ocean biology affects
CT to a significant degree, improved CT algorithms are required to capture the full biological effect on CT with greater accuracy and in turn improve the accuracy of predictions of pCO2SEA. 相似文献