共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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海洋科学的发展和海洋战略重要性的日益凸显对海洋调查船的业务化运行提出了新的要求。从国内外海洋调查船运行和关键技术两方面的发展现状和趋势出发,提出了我国"十三五"期间海洋调查船业务化运行保障关键技术的发展建议。为解决海洋调查船需求不断增大与船舶建造运行成本限制的矛盾,世界各主要海洋国家均采取措施提高调查船的使用效率,组建海洋调查船队,实行船时统一调配。另一方面,多学科多任务的海洋调查方式的发展,以及新型调查观测设备的应用,促使调查船运行保障关键技术趋向于普适性和更强的现场支持功能。据此,在我国海洋调查船业务化运行发展原则、关键技术发展方向等方面提出了建议。 相似文献
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我国海洋观测技术的现状,差距及其发展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
海洋观测技术和海洋工程技术是海洋资源开发、海洋环境保护和海洋学研究的两大支柱。发展海洋事业,应优先发展海洋观测技术。本文综述了我国海洋观测技术的现状,与先进海洋国家相比较存在的差距及当前和今后一段时间内我国海洋观测技术的发展。内容包括:遥感技术,浮标和潜标技术,船用观测调查技术,滨海台站观测技术,污染监测技术,海洋标准计量和通用技术。文章最后对发展我国海洋观测技术提出了几条政策性建议。 相似文献
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星载SAR遥感在海洋水文观测中的应用探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文根据海洋水文现象的特征,研究和探讨了星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)遥感在海浪、海洋内波等中尺度海洋水文现象中的应用现状和发展前景。同时指出,由于星载SAR遥感具有观测时效高,观测区域大,受环境条件限制小等特点,其获取海洋信息的手段是用地面观测手段所不可代管的。 相似文献
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总结了加拿大地调局在开展近海陆坡及大陆架地质、地球物理调查和其他综合海洋调查工作时通常使用的专门的调查仪器和设备，包括调查船、定位系统、测深设备、侧扫声纳设备、取样取心设备、地震调查设备、水下摄影设备及其他设备以及相关的调查技术；总结了我们在海洋地质调查方面与加拿大的差距。 相似文献
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海洋观测技术是有效管理海洋事务、行使国家主权的重要手段。海洋观测技术的自主与可控对我国具有十分重要的意义。创新与应用是实现海洋观测技术自主与可控的核心，海洋观测网是实现海洋观测技术创新与应用的载体。文章梳理美国三大观测网(全球海洋观测系统、综合海洋观测系统和海洋观测倡议)的发展历史，提出政府在以观测网为代表的海洋观测技术发展的组织、实施和管理方面发挥主导作用；根据我国海洋观测的现状，借鉴美国海洋观测网的发展经验，对我国基于创新与应用的海洋观测网的组织、实施、管理和发展提出建议。 相似文献
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海洋观测技术科学是海洋科学的一门基础交叉学科。海洋观测技术装备包括海洋观测平台装备及传感器设备,是我国海洋经济发展、海洋环境保护、海洋权益维护、海洋灾害预警、海洋科技创新等各项工作的必要支撑手段,在海洋强国建设进程中具有重要的战略地位。 相似文献
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1 南海海洋调查与海洋科学技术研究概况 随着我国海洋科技事业的发展,南海的海洋科技工作发展很快,在海洋调查方面,已从单一的断面调查逐步向多学科、多元化的综合性调查与研究方向发展。 1.1 近海断面调查与环境污染调查 继1958年～1960年全国海洋综合调查之后,南海从1975年4月开始实施南海北部断面 相似文献
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CTD资料质量控制浅析 总被引：14，自引：2，他引：12
物理海洋学调查自上世纪70年代开始以来,至今已有100余年的历史.调查方法和观测仪器也已有了根本性的变化.就海水温盐度测量而言,由当时的颠倒温度表、南森采水器和BT(深度温度仪)等机械式观测仪器发展到XBT(抛弃式温深计)、AXBT(机载抛弃式深度温度计)和CTD(温盐深仪)等电子仪器设备. 相似文献
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我国作为海洋大国,拥有广阔的海域和丰富的海洋资源。在全球海洋布局的时代背景下,加快海洋强国建设成为重中之重。国家开展海洋强国建设需要全民海洋意识的全面提升,由此海洋意识教育显得尤为重要。文章根据多年工作经验,从各方面研究数据出发,分析了海洋意识教育的含义以及加强海洋意识教育的重要性。根据我国国民海洋意识调查的现状,从基础教育、高等教育和大众宣传等方面提出了加强海洋意识教育的举措建议。最终得出应加强我国海洋意识教育,建设过硬的海洋人才队伍,以社会主义核心价值观为导向,加快我国海洋强国建设的步伐。 相似文献
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Marine seismic exploration has potentially detrimental effects upon marine life and marine mammals in particular. Potential effects range from disturbance that may lead to displacement from feeding or breeding areas, to auditory damage and potential mortality. Nations including the USA, Canada and Brazil have followed the example set by the United Kingdom by introducing guidelines to minimise acoustic disturbance to marine mammals. This paper describes the mitigation measures central to the guidelines currently in place, and identifies the similarities, differences and deficiencies within them. A need for further review by some nations is identified, with a recommendation that an international standard should be produced, benefiting both the geophysical exploration industry and the conservation community. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2017
The global increase in tidal stream turbine installations creates a need to identify and mitigate any impacts on seabird populations. Within Scotland, UK, the vulnerability of black guillemots Cepphus grylle and European shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis is dependent on their tendency to exploit microhabitats characterised by fast mean horizontal current speeds (≥2 ms–1), and tidal states with maximum current speeds, within tidal stream environments. Identifying consistencies in their relative use of different microhabitats (fast versus slow mean horizontal current speeds) and tidal states (increasing/decreasing versus maximum currents) across these habitats could assist risk assessment and mitigation measures at both a regional and development site level. Datasets from shore-based surveys collated across 6 tidal stream environments showed that the probability of detecting foraging black guillemots and European shags tended to be higher in fast and slow microhabitats, respectively. However, differences between microhabitats were reversed and/or marginal in 3 out of the 5 sites used for each species. Differences between tidal states were almost always marginal. These variabilities show that a species' vulnerability could differ greatly among development sites, and environmental impact assessments (EIA) must quantify habitat-use using dedicated and site-specific surveys to reduce uncertainty. However, a greater understanding of the mechanisms underlying variation in the use of tidal stream environments is needed when selecting a suite of potential development sites that reduce the possibility of population-level impacts. The current collection of physical and biological data across tidal stream environments could therefore prove invaluable for the protection of seabird populations. 相似文献
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高精度的海洋磁力测量对磁测仪器系统的测量精度提出了更高的要求,文中对海洋磁力测量仪器系统检验的内容和动静态检验方法进行了研究,并通过实例验证其可行性。结论表明:所提出的仪器系统检验方法可以消除仪器系统误差的影响,提高海洋磁力测量精度,保证成果的可靠性。 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2017
Given competing objectives vying for space in the marine environment, the island of Bermuda may be an ideal candidate for comprehensive marine spatial planning (MSP). However, faced with other pressing issues, ocean management reform has not yet received significant traction from the government, a pattern seen in many locations. Spatial planning processes often struggle during the proposal, planning, or implementation phases due to stakeholder opposition and/or government wariness to change. Conflict among stakeholders about management reform has also proven to be a deterrent to MSP application in many locations. With these obstacles in mind, a detailed stakeholder survey was conducted in Bermuda to determine awareness, attitudes and perceptions regarding ocean health, threats to ocean environments, the effectiveness of current ocean management, and possible future changes to management. How perceptions vary for different types of stakeholders and how attitudes about specific concerns relate to attitudes about management changes were examined. Overall, the results indicate a high degree of support for spatial planning and ocean zoning and a high level of concordance even among stakeholder groups that are typically assumed to have conflicting agendas. However, attitudes were not entirely homogeneous, particularly when delving into details about specific management changes. For example, commercial fishers were generally less in favor, relative to other stakeholder groups, of increasing regulations on ocean uses with the notable exception of regulations for recreational fishing. Given the results of this survey, public support is likely to be high for government action focused on ocean management reform in Bermuda. 相似文献
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Design and Implementation of the Hydrographic Production and Management Information System (HYPAMIS)
With the development of hydrographic work and information techniques, the traditional work mode is not suitable for the Chinese Marine Safety Administration Bureau (CMSAB). Aiming at the separation of charts production and management, a new idea that is the integration of production, management, and quality control is presented. Geographic Information System (GIS), Management Information System (MIS), Office Automation (OA) and Spatial Database Management (SDM) advanced techniques are introduced into the workflows in CMSAB. To realize information sharing, a mixed mode with Browser/Server (B/S) mode and Client/Serve (C/S) mode are adopted. Based on the above ideas and strategies, an integrated system named Hydrographic Production And Management Information System (HYPAMIS) was developed. The whole workflow and three subworkflows including survey management workflow, production workflow, and quality control workflow of are outlined after re-engineering the CMSAB organization. Some design principles and key techniques of the HYPAMIS including the cooperation of GIS and MIS, object-oriented spatial data model and management, data management based on database, and security control are illustrated in detail. Then the implementation of the system is introduced briefly. Finally, performance evaluation of the system and future work is given. 相似文献
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Design and Implementation of the Hydrographic Production and Management Information System (HYPAMIS)
With the development of hydrographic work and information techniques, the traditional work mode is not suitable for the Chinese Marine Safety Administration Bureau (CMSAB). Aiming at the separation of charts production and management, a new idea that is the integration of production, management, and quality control is presented. Geographic Information System (GIS), Management Information System (MIS), Office Automation (OA) and Spatial Database Management (SDM) advanced techniques are introduced into the workflows in CMSAB. To realize information sharing, a mixed mode with Browser/Server (B/S) mode and Client/Serve (C/S) mode are adopted. Based on the above ideas and strategies, an integrated system named Hydrographic Production And Management Information System (HYPAMIS) was developed. The whole workflow and three subworkflows including survey management workflow, production workflow, and quality control workflow of are outlined after re-engineering the CMSAB organization. Some design principles and key techniques of the HYPAMIS including the cooperation of GIS and MIS, object-oriented spatial data model and management, data management based on database, and security control are illustrated in detail. Then the implementation of the system is introduced briefly. Finally, performance evaluation of the system and future work is given. 相似文献