共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Hao Liu 《Journal of Oceanography》2007,63(1):67-75
In general, competition between buoyancy mechanisms and mixing dynamics largely determines the water column structure in a
shelf sea. A three dimensional baroclinic ocean model forced by surface heat fluxes and the 2.5 order Mellor-Yamada turbulence
scheme is used to simulate the annual cycle of the temperature in the Bohai Sea. The difference between the sea surface temperature
(SST) and sea bottom temperature (SBT) is used to examine the evolution of its vertical stratification. It is found that the
water column is well-mixed from October to March and that the seasonal thermocline appears in April, peaks in July and then
weakens afterwards, closely following the heat budget. In addition, the Loder parameter based on the topography and tidal
current amplitude is also computed in order to examine tidal fronts in the BS, which are evident in summer months when the
wind stirring mechanism is weak. 相似文献
2.
黄海潮生陆架锋的数值模拟研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
采用海洋三维热结构及环流模式,模拟了黄海在Ｍ２潮流混合作用下,夏季温度的分布和变化特征。从数值研究的角度,对黄海陆架水域的海洋锋现象,诸如苏北浅滩外、山东半岛东端、大连、木浦水域的锋面以及锋面沿岸一侧的表层冷水区的成因及分布进行了探讨,模拟结果再现了黄海陆架锋的潮生性质。 相似文献
3.
渤海海温与叶绿素季节空间变化特征分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以2003年MODIS数据为数据源，在图像处理、空间插值的基础上作海温与叶绿素浓度的空间相关分析。结果表明，整个海域的叶绿素浓度和海温的分布具有明显的区域和季节变化特征。基本规律是叶绿素浓度从近岸向渤海中央递减；温度则随季节发生变化，随着温度升高，近海叶绿素浓度增高，而渤海中央区域叶绿素浓度降低。渤海叶绿素浓度的分布与河口径流、季节等因素有关。从空间关系看，海温与叶绿素浓度不存在很明显的空间分布相关性，但不同季节有不同的相关性。上述研究可用于估算海洋初级生产力。 相似文献
4.
Satellite observations of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the surface water of the Huanghai Sea and the Bohai Sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Based on 5 831 continuous in situ measurements of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide on the sea surface p(CO2),related parameters of the sea surface temperature(SST) and chlorophyll-a(Chl a) concentration in 2010 winter,spring and summer of the Huanghai Sea and the Bohai Sea,the inherent relations among them are investigated preliminarily.This study reveals that the seasonal variability of SST and Chl a concentration has a significant influence on p(CO2).The authors have proposed a new algorithm to estimate p(CO2) from SST and Chl a concentration measurements.Compared with the vessel data,the root mean square error(RMSE) of p(CO2) retrieved by using the new model is 13.45 μatm(1atm=101.325 kPa) and the relative error is less than 4%.Then,SST and Chl a concentration data observed by satellite are used to retrieve p(CO2) in the Huanghai Sea and the Bohai Sea;and a better accuracy can be obtained if the quality control for sea surface chlorophyll-a concentration observed by satellite is used.The RMSE of retrieved p(CO2) data with quality control and that without quality control are 15.82 μatm and 31.74 μatm,respectively. 相似文献
5.
Fronts in Large Marine Ecosystems 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Oceanic fronts shape marine ecosystems; therefore front mapping and characterization are among the most important aspects of physical oceanography. Here we report on the first global remote sensing survey of fronts in the Large Marine Ecosystems (LME). This survey is based on a unique frontal data archive assembled at the University of Rhode Island. Thermal fronts were automatically derived with the edge detection algorithm of (Cayula and Cornillon, 1992), (Cayula and Cornillon, 1995) and (Cayula and Cornillon, 1996) from 12 years of twice-daily, global, 9-km resolution satellite sea surface temperature (SST) fields to produce synoptic (nearly instantaneous) frontal maps, and to compute the long-term mean frequency of occurrence of SST fronts and their gradients. These synoptic and long-term maps were used to identify major quasi-stationary fronts and to derive provisional frontal distribution maps for all LMEs. Since SST fronts are typically collocated with fronts in other water properties such as salinity, density and chlorophyll, digital frontal paths from SST frontal maps can be used in studies of physical–biological correlations at fronts. Frontal patterns in several exemplary LMEs are described and compared, including those for: the East and West Bering Sea LMEs, Sea of Okhotsk LME, East China Sea LME, Yellow Sea LME, North Sea LME, East and West Greenland Shelf LMEs, Newfoundland–Labrador Shelf LME, Northeast and Southeast US Continental Shelf LMEs, Gulf of Mexico LME, and Patagonian Shelf LME. Seasonal evolution of frontal patterns in major upwelling zones reveals an order-of-magnitude growth of frontal scales from summer to winter. A classification of LMEs with regard to the origin and physics of their respective dominant fronts is presented. The proposed classification lends itself to comparative studies of frontal ecosystems. 相似文献
6.
渤海环流与输运季节变化的数值模拟 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
渤海的风和温度层结有明显的季节变化 ,因而其环流与输运亦有明显的季节信号。以季节平均的海面气象条件和开边界的潮波系统驱动三维斜压水动力模型———HAMSOM ,模拟了渤海冬、夏季的总环流。渤海环流冬强夏弱 ,表层风漂流常被下层逆风流所补偿。深度平均环流 ,即水柱内的输运 ,流型有显著的季节变化 :冬季在渤海中部沿逆时针方向旋转 ,辽东湾顶有一个顺时针流涡 ,阻碍了湾顶水与外海水的交换 ;夏季则为一个大的贴岸的顺时针流环 ,内嵌许多局地涡旋。这些与渤黄东海海洋水文图集中给出的多年观测的环流基本相同 ,同时也被水文要素分布及耐盐浮游动物的出现所佐证。风的季节变化决定了渤海大部分海区、特别是海峡附近环流的季节变化 ,但辽东湾东岸众多的岬角涡旋却不随季节变化 ,因为它们是由潮波系统与岬角岸型变化的非线性相互作用产生的。 相似文献
7.
2000年夏末和翌年初冬渤海水文特征 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
利用2000年夏季和2001年冬季渤海两次CTD资料,系统分析了渤海冬、夏季温盐密度的分布特征,并揭示了渤海现有的水文特征与以往研究结果相比存在一些新现象,表现在:夏季在渤海海峡、辽东湾口和渤海湾口中部中、下层存在3个低温中心,在渤海中部则出现1个上下均匀一致的高温中心;冬季等温线以渤海海峡暖中心向西和向北两个方向伸入渤海,而从秦皇岛外海有一冷水舌向东南方向伸展,在渤海中部海域形成"马鞍状"等温线结构.冬、夏季渤海盐度比以往有显著升高,并明显高于北黄海西部,盐度分布势态表现为渤海湾高盐,渤海海峡低盐特征.密度分布表明:夏季渤海的密度流较强,并在中部可能存在多个密度流涡环;冬季渤海"马鞍状"温盐结构反映其环流结构要比以往研究结果复杂得多,黄海暖流(余脉)在渤海存在分支现象.利用模式对其进行密度流的诊断模拟,结果和实测温盐场符合较好. 相似文献
8.
渤海、黄海热结构分析 总被引：14，自引：4，他引：14
在多年观测资料基础上,以月平均风应力和周平均海表水温(SST)作为外强迫,对黄海、渤海热结构进行了数值模拟.模拟结果显示渤海的热结构特征自10月至翌年3月为水温垂直均一的冬季型;5～8月为分层结构(由上混合层、跃层、潮混合层组成)的夏季型.4月和9月为两型的过渡期,最低水温出现在2月,最高水温表层出现在8月,底层则在9～10月.黄海沿岸浅水区与渤海有相似的热结构,黄海冷水团和黄海暖流对其中央槽深水区的热结构有重要影响.对底层水的影响而言,前者夏季显著而后者冬季显著,从而导致黄海(槽)的底层水与环境相比呈现夏季冷而冬季暖的特征,底层水温基本上与表面水温的年变化反相;深水区的热结构与渤海相比,均一型结构(1～3月)变短,分层型结构(5～11月)变长,底温年变幅(5℃以内)变小,跃层强度增强.模拟结果还表明,黄海暖流的动力仍然是季风环流,而对黄海冷水团的形成和发展有无动力影响提出质疑. 相似文献
9.
北部湾温度锋的季节与年际变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用8a(1991—1998)的卫星遥感海水表面温度资料(AVHRR SST)对北部湾温度锋的季节变化与年际变化规律进行了探讨。北部湾海区温度锋的季节态强弱趋势为春季最强，夏季、冬季次之，秋季最弱。在年际时间尺度上，温度锋强度与SST距平(SSTA)存在响应关系，表现在：1)SST正距平对应较弱的锋面产生，负距平对应较强的锋面产生，这种相关性在冬季表现得最为明显；2)锋面的强弱与SSTA绝对值存在正相关关系，即SSTA变化越大，锋面越强。在冬季，温度锋强度与海面风经向分量相关，在偏北风异常情况下，锋面较强；反之，锋面较弱。 相似文献
10.
Long-term variations of temperature and salinity of the Bohai Sea and their influence on its ecosystem 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Long-term variations of the sea surface salinity (SSS), air temperature (AT) and sea surface temperature (SST) of the Bohai Sea during 1960–1997 were analyzed. They all showed positive trends. The trends of the annual mean SSS, AT and SST of the Bohai Sea were, respectively, 0.074 y−1, 0.024°C y−1 and 0.011°C y−1. The increases of AT and SST were consistent with, the recent warming in northern China, in the Huanghai Sea (Yellow Sea) and in the East China Sea. The rise of SSS can be attributed to the rapid reduction of the total river discharge into the Bohai Sea, as well as to the increase inflow of high salinity water from the Huanghai Sea. It may also be attributed to increasing human use of river water and increases in evaporation from the sea surface. These changes in the marine environment seemed to have important influence on the Bohai Sea ecosystem. 相似文献
11.
Assimilation of sea surface temperature in the Northwest Pacific Ocean and its marginal seas using the ensemble Kalman filter 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Gwang-Ho Seo Byoung-Ju Choi Yang-Ki Cho Young Ho Kim Sangil Kim 《Ocean Science Journal》2010,45(4):225-242
Satellite-borne sea surface temperature (SST) data were assimilated with the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) in a Northwest Pacific Ocean circulation model to examine the effect of data assimilation. The model domain included the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean and its marginal seas, such as the Yellow Sea and East/Japan Sea. The performance of the data assimilation was evaluated by comparing the simulated ocean state with that observed. Spatially averaged root-mean-squared errors in the SST and sea surface height (SSH) decreased by 0.44 °C and 4 cm, respectively, by the assimilation. The results of the numerical experiments substantiated the effectiveness of the SST assimilation via the EnKF for all marginal seas, as well as the Kuroshio region. The benefit of the data assimilation depended on the characteristics of each marginal sea. The variation of the SST in the East/Japan Sea and the Kuroshio extension (KE) region were improved 34% and those in the Yellow Sea 12.5%. The variation of the SSH was improved approximately 36% in the KE region. This large improvement was achieved in the deep-water regions because assimilation of SST data corrected the separation point of the western boundary currents, such as the Kuroshio and the East Korea Warm Current, and the associated horizontal surface currents. The SST assimilation via the EnKF also improved the subsurface temperature profiles. The effectiveness of SST assimilation was seasonally dependent, with the improvement being relatively larger in winter than in summer, which was related to the seasonal variation of the vertical mixing and stratification in the ocean surface layer. 相似文献
12.
辽东湾口东部海域是辽东湾与渤海中部进行物质和能量交换的主要通道之一。本文利用坐底式海床基平台获取的近8个月的水动力连续观测资料,通过谱分析和调和分析方法对该海域的潮汐、潮流特征进行分析,并讨论了余流及底层温度的季节变化规律。研究结果表明:该海域潮汐属于不规则半日潮,平均潮差为0.95 m,最大可能潮差为2.27 m。潮流属于不规则半日潮流,M2分潮流为其优势分潮流。主要分潮流运动形式为往复流,最大流速方向为西南-东北向。余流的季节性特征较为明显:秋季,余流流速在中层达到最大,流向以西南向为主;冬季,余流流速垂向变化较小,并呈西南偏西向流动;春季,流速随深度增加而减小,流向从表层至底层呈现逆时针旋转的特征。受底层潮流、水平温度梯度及海面温度日变化的影响,底层温度表现出短期的高频变化特征:秋季,短期振荡以半日周期信号为主;冬季,全日周期信号较为显著;春季,短期振荡的现象较弱。 相似文献
13.
海浪混合参数化的渤海、黄海、东海水动力环境数值模拟 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
在浪-流耦合的概念下,对Princeton Ocean Model(POM)模式进行改进,增加特征波参数下的海浪混合作用,并把潮流和环流同时模拟,得到了渤海、黄海、东海典型的环流和水文特征,特别是夏季黄海的温跃层现象,夏季长江冲淡水扩展路径以及我国东部海域冬季和夏季典型环流等.研究表明,海浪的作用使海洋上层混合得更均匀,潮流的作用使海洋底层混合得更均匀,二者是温跃层形成的重要原因;考虑潮效应模拟流场,由于潮扩散和潮余流的作用,长江冲淡水路径与实际观测更为符合. 相似文献
14.
Trends of sea surface temperature and sea surface temperature fronts in the South China Sea during 2003–2017 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The trends of the sea surface temperature(SST) and SST fronts in the South China Sea(SCS) are analyzed during2003–2017 using high-resolution satellite data. The linear trend of the basin averaged SST is 0.31°C per decade,with the strongest warming identified in southeastern Vietnam. Although the rate of warming is comparable in summer and winter for the entire basin, the corresponding spatial patterns of the linear trend are substantially different between them. The SST trend to the west of the Luzon Strait is characterized by rapid warming in summer, exceeding approximately 0.6°C per decade, but the trend is insignificant in winter. The strongest warming trend occurs in the southeast of Vietnam in winter, with much less pronounced warming in summer. A positive trend of SST fronts is identified for the coast of China and is associated with increasing wind stress. The increasing trend of SST fronts is also found in the east of Vietnam. Large-scale circulation, such as El Ni?o, can influence the trends of the SST and SST fronts. A significant correlation is found between the SST anomaly and Ni?o3.4 index, and the ENSO signal leads by eight months. The basin averaged SST linear trends increase after the El Ni?o event(2009–2010), which is, at least, due to the rapid warming rate causing by the enhanced northeasterly wind. Peaks of positive anomalous SST and negatively anomalous SST fronts are found to co-occur with the strong El Ni?o events. 相似文献
15.
为优化海上搜救资源部署、提高救助成功率，结合层次分析法与模糊综合评价法，从海上搜救的自然环境、辖区信息和行动评估3个方面选取11个指标构建海上搜救困难度评价模型，在验证模型可靠性的基础上，首次对渤海海域开展二维搜救困难度评价和研究。使用成功率来表征搜救困难度并进行时空分布特征分析，成功率越低则困难度越高。结果表明：渤海海上搜救成功率全年分布趋势为海岸线周边海域相对较低，渤海中部海域相对较高。整体来看，夏季成功率远高于其他季节，春、秋季次之，冬季最低。冬季辽东湾及秦皇岛沿岸海域成功率为全年和全海域最低。对渤海沿岸港口海域及中部海域各选1个长期观测的站点开展年变化特征分析，发现同一地点的搜救成功率年变化主要受水温影响，证实了冬季是搜救困难度最高的季节。综上所述，冬季渤海沿岸海域，尤其是辽东湾及秦皇岛沿岸海域为高困难度搜救区，需要加大日常巡逻管理，改善搜救系统部署。 相似文献
16.
近20年渤海叶绿素a浓度时空变化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
浮游植物作为食物链的基础，对海洋生态系统具有重要作用。渤海作为我国最大的内海和重要渔业生物的产卵场、育幼场和索饵场，该区浮游植物研究具有重要意义。叶绿素a浓度是反映浮游植物生物量的重要指标。利用Google Earth Engine平台，对1997–2010年的宽视场海洋观测传感器(SeaWiFS)叶绿素a浓度数据和2002–2018年的水色卫星中分辨率成像光谱仪传感器(MODIS Aqua)叶绿素a浓度数据进行合并，并研究其时空变化特征。研究表明，近20年来，渤海全年叶绿素a浓度增加了14.1%，且增加显著。叶绿素a浓度在所有季节都呈现增加趋势；除11月外，其他各月都呈现稳定或增加趋势。从滦河入河口沿岸至渤海海峡的渤海中部，叶绿素a浓度增加较明显。同时也分析了海洋表面温度、风速和降水量数据。夏季渤海周边区域降水量和风速增加以及秋季海表温度的降低都有助于同季叶绿素a浓度的升高。渤海浮游植物可能受陆源营养物质输入影响较大。 相似文献
17.
利用 SeaWiFS卫星遥感叶绿素质量浓度及TRMM微波遥感海表温度产品,研究了南海海表叶绿素a的季节变化特征及其同海表温度的关系。研究结果表明,南海叶绿素质量浓度具有很强的季节变化:通常低叶绿素质量浓度(<0.12 mg. m-3)出现在弱风、高海表温度(>28 °C)的春、夏季节;高叶绿素质量浓度(>0.13 mg·m-3)出现在有较强风速和较低海表温度(<27 °C)的冬季。线性回归分析显示,南海叶绿素质量浓度同海表温度呈显著负相关关系。尽管在南海南部、南海中部、南海西部及吕宋西北部4个代表子区域的显著性有所差异,但都暗示温度变化所反映的垂向层化调控了营养盐质量浓度和浮游植物量变化。可见,温度可能是影响海洋上层稳定程度及垂向交换强度的重要指标,从而可能调控营养盐及浮游植物的变化。 相似文献
18.
利用 Sea WiFS卫星遥感叶绿素质量浓度及TRMM微波遥感海表温度产品, 研究了南海海表叶绿素a的季节变化特征及其同海表温度的关系。研究结果表明, 南海叶绿素质量浓度具有很强的季节变化:通常低叶绿素质量浓度(<0.12 mg·m-3)出现在弱风高海表温度(>28°C)的春、夏季节;高叶绿素质量浓度(>0.13 mg·m-3)通常出现在有较强风速和较低海表温度(<27°C)的冬季。线性回归分析显示, 南海叶绿素质量浓度同海表温度呈显著负相关。尽管在南海南部、南海中部、南海西部及吕宋西北部4个代表子区域的显著性有所差异, 但都暗示温度变化所反映的垂向层化调控了营养盐质量浓度和浮游植物量变化。可见, 温度可能是影响海洋上层稳定程度及垂向交换强度的重要指标, 从而可能调控营养盐及浮游植物的变化。 相似文献
19.
本文在对位于黄海南部陆架上的朝连岛站30年水温资料进行分析时发现,该站的表层水温有周期大于20个月的低频振动,其中以准两年周期和6年周期最显著。陆架水温的这种低频振动是对东亚季风异常的响应。这种低频振动在冬季与渤海冰情的变化同步;在夏季与黄海底层冷水团的强弱相关。同时,这种低频振动在对马暖流上也有一定的反映。 相似文献
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渤海海峡断面温度结构及流量的季节变化 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
作者采用 POM模式 ,利用从卫星遥感资料反演的风和海表温度 (SST)数据并考虑 M2分潮作用 ,对渤海海域的温度、流场的三维结构进行数值计算。根据数值模式的计算结果 ,重点分析渤海海峡温度结构和水交换的季节变化特征。结果表明风应力和 SST的季节性变化导致渤海海峡的水交换流型、温度结构和流量有明显的季节性变化。 相似文献