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1.
南沙西部海域伸缩右旋走滑双重构造系统及其动力学过程   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
万纳断裂带为一典型的右旋走滑系统,由其南段前锋的拉奈-沙捞越走滑-收缩叠瓦房,北段尾端的南海西南次海盆西南端走滑-伸展叠瓦扇和中段的万安盆地走滑-拉分双重构造所组成,其动力主要源自中生代末以来华南-印支陆缘岩的拆沉作用和南海海底扩张,它的直 拉分作用直接导了万安盆地的产生,对该海域油气等资源的形成与聚集起了重要的控制作用。  相似文献   

2.
南海西缘断裂带是一条典型的右旋走滑断裂系统,是南海扩张的西部边界,两端形成具有明显走滑特征的“Y”型和“人”型构造。其前锋端形成走滑-伸展叠瓦扇,尾端形成走滑一收缩叠瓦扇,中部形成走滑一拉分双重构造的右旋走滑系统。其动力主要来源于白垩纪以来的印一藏碰撞、新生代印支挤出和南海扩张作用。经历了两期构造运动而形成的该断裂系统对其周边盆地的形成起到了主要控制作用。  相似文献   

3.
万安盆地位于南海西南部印支块体东南端即万安断裂以西地区。前人关于万安断裂活动特征及其对万安盆地形成演化的控制作用存在较多争议。通过对万安盆地区域地质背景、地质特征以及万安断裂走滑活动规律的综合分析认为,万安断裂是一条早期形成(中生代晚期)、多期活动的走滑断裂。万安断裂活动切割了盆地新生代地层,形成较多负花状构造,但该断裂仅引起盆地局部区域新生代地层产状变化,远离该走滑断裂的地层未受影响。万安盆地走滑伸展特征不甚明显,而具有明显的裂谷盆地特点,初步分析认为,万安盆地应为具有走滑性质的大陆边缘裂陷盆地。  相似文献   

4.
万安盆地位于我国南海西南端,印支半岛的东南海域,它是一个新生代走滑-拉张盆地,沉积了逾万米厚的地层,根据地震,钻井资料分析,把万安盆地新生代地层自上而下划分为第四系,广雅组,昆仑组,李准组,万安组及西卫群和人骏群,探讨了各组,群的时代属性和特征,认为它们分别对应于第四纪,上新世,晚中新世,中中新世,早中新世渐新世-晚始新世和早,中始新世,缺失古新世地层,同时认为西卫群和万安组是万安盆地的主力烃源岩  相似文献   

5.
南海西南部新生代盆地类型及演化历史   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
南海西南部地区发育了多种类型的新生代沉积盆地,各种类型的盆地具有各自的结构特征和演化历史,走滑-周缘前陆盆地-曾母盆地发育了渐新-中中新统层系,晚中新统层系和上新-第四系层系第三套地层,曾母盆地经历了三个发育阶段,拉张剪切盆地-万安盆地发育下第三系-下渐新统层系,上渐新统一中中新统层系和上中新统一第四系层系三套地层,万安盆地经历了四个发育阶段。  相似文献   

6.
南海西南部地区发育了多种类型的新生代沉积盆地。各种类型的盆地上有各自的结构特征和演化历史。在走滑-周缘前陆盆地--曾母盆地发育了渐新-中中新统层系、晚中新统层系和上新统一第四第层系第三套地层曾母盆地经历了三个发育阶段,拉张剪切盆地--万安盆地发育了下第三系一下渐新统层系、上渐新统一中新统层系和上中新统一第四系层系三套地怪。万安盆地经历了卤个发育阶段。  相似文献   

7.
南沙海区万安盆地构造演化与成因机制   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
本文基于地震、钻井和区域地质资料,运用回剥法和平衡剖面技术定量研究了万安盆地的构造沉降和伸展程度,重建盆地的构造演化史并探讨其成因机制。模拟结果表明,万安盆地构造沉降曲线为多段式,其南北部构造沉降差异明显,且沉降中心逐渐向南发展的趋势。晚始新世-渐新世(37.8~23.03 Ma BP)盆地中、北部快速沉降,存在两个沉降中心;早中新世(23.03~16.0 Ma BP)盆地南部也发生快速沉降,整个盆地存在3个沉降中心;中中新世(约16.0~11.63 Ma BP)沉降作用减弱,盆地进入裂后热沉降期。万安盆地的伸展和形成演化呈现北早南晚的特征,与南海海底扩张密切相关,同时受控于万安断裂带交替地右旋-左旋走滑作用,是伸展和走滑双重作用的结果。盆地的构造演化过程可细分为4个阶段:初始裂谷期、主要裂谷期、走滑改造期和裂后加速沉降期。  相似文献   

8.
在深入调研南海深水盆地油气地质条件的基础上,系统分析了油气分布规律和成藏主控因素,明确了油气资源潜力和有利勘探方向,旨在为南海深水油气勘探决策提供科学依据。研究结果表明:南海深水盆地发育在非典型边缘海大陆边缘,其石油地质条件具有特殊性,油气分布特征存在显著的南北差异。其中,南海北部深水的珠江口盆地和琼东南盆地,以构造圈闭型油气藏为主;南海中南部深水的曾母盆地南部和文莱-沙巴盆地,主要为构造圈闭型油气藏,曾母盆地北部以岩性油气藏(生物礁滩型油气藏)为主,万安盆地主要为构造圈闭型和基岩潜山型油气藏。南海北部深水盆地和中南部深水盆地的烃源岩、储盖和圈闭等油气地质特征表明,南海深水盆地具有巨大的油气勘探潜力。南海深水的有利勘探方向为:①琼东南盆地乐东-陵水凹陷的中央峡谷、陵南斜坡带,松南-宝岛凹陷的反转构造带,宝岛凹陷北坡海底扇,长昌凹陷的环A洼圈闭带(海底扇);珠江口盆地白云凹陷的主洼深水扇、主洼两翼、西南断阶带,荔湾凹陷的深水扇。②南海中南部深水盆地的文莱-沙巴、曾母和万安盆地。  相似文献   

9.
南沙群岛万安盆地是位于南海西南海盆被动边缘上的张性沉积盆地。通过分析区域地球物理场特征及断裂分布,以及地震剖面的解释并结合钻井资料对比分析,在万安盆地新生代沉积中对比解释出T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6和Tg等7个地震反射界面。其中,Tg,T5和T3为3个区域不整合面的反射波,由这3个区域不整合面将盆地新生代沉积划分为3个构造层:Tg-T5,T5-T3和T3一海底。由此推测万安盆地在新生代经历过3次构造运动,因此其构造演化史经历了3个阶段:神狐运动(白垩纪未至古新世早期),南海运动(晚始新世至早渐新世)和万安运动(中中新世末)。从神狐运动到南海运动为万安盆地的奠基期,从南海运动至万安运动则是万安盆地的发展期,万安运动之后至今日是万安盆地的形成期。万安盆地的构造发育史和珠江口盆地东部的发展史相似,故推测它藏有丰富的油气资源。  相似文献   

10.
北康盆地沉降作用与构造运动   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6  
在地质构造特征研究的基础上,采用地层回剥法和局部均衡模式,研究北康盆地的构造沉降作用,并探讨该盆地构造演化与区域构造运动的关系。北康盆地是一个拉张性盆地,经历了3次快速沉降作用。中始新世沉降作用占总构造沉降量的28%~34%,沉降速率为234~325m/Ma,拉伸系数最大达1.72,它是43Ma时印度板块和欧亚板块碰撞的结果。上始新世—早渐新世构造沉降作用速率较慢,幅度也较小,为西卫运动影响下的越东—万安走滑断裂发生走滑拉张活动所致。上新世—第四纪的沉降速率极快,幅度很大,可达整个构造沉降的40%以上,可能是太平洋板块与欧亚板块相互作用所引起的整个南海区域沉降在盆地中的反映。  相似文献   

11.
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance.  相似文献   

12.
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm.  相似文献   

13.
海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明:土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。  相似文献   

14.
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths.  相似文献   

15.
Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations.  相似文献   

16.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(8):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology,  相似文献   

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Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone.  相似文献   

20.
This article presents a methodology developed to evaluate the instability of submarine slopes that extend over a large area. Special attention was paid to (1) the complex geometry (bathymetry) and the expanse of the slope, (2) the heterogeneity of the sediment, and (3) the distribution of the pore pressure. The safety factor was considered as a spatially varying quantity. The General Formulation (GLE, Fredlund and Krahn 1977), which fully satisfies equilibrium conditions, was used for evaluating the stability of the marine slope. The submarine slope failure, which occurred on 16 October 1979 during the construction of the new Nice airport, was studied in order to test the developed model. Geotechnical parameters were taken from experimental tests carried out by IFREMER on 19 cores extracted at different depths (from 27 m to 1300 m) (Cochonat, Bourillet, and Savoye, 1993; Mulder et al., 1994). Many scenarios were proposed in order to explain the cause of the Nice slope failure (Habib, 1994). In this article, two of those scenarios were tested. Simulation results are presented and discussed.  相似文献   

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