共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
采用传统养殖试验方法研究了日粮中添加叶黄素与角黄素对瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachelli Richardson)体色的影响。实验设计了11组等蛋白质(42.6%)、等能量(18.5MJ/kg)的实用试验日粮,在试验日粮中分别添加0、25、50、100、200mg/kg叶黄素和25、50、100mg/kg叶黄素与25、50mg/kg角黄素,对照组为野生瓦氏黄颡鱼。结果表明,实验结束时(60d),试验3、8、9日粮组(添加50mg/kg叶黄素、50mg/kg叶黄素+25mg/kg角黄素、50mg/kg叶黄素+25mg/kg角黄素)鱼体体色与对照组鱼(野生瓦氏黄颡鱼)体色相似,试验3、8、9组鱼皮肤中叶黄素含量与对照组鱼差异不显著(P0.05)。本实验认为,在日粮中添加叶黄素对瓦氏黄颡鱼的着色效果明显较角黄素好,是养殖瓦氏黄颡鱼饲料的适宜添加色素。在瓦氏黄颡鱼的饲料中叶黄素的建议添加量为50mg/kg。 相似文献
2.
采用单因子实验设计方法,进行了饲料中添加铁对美国红鱼生长(增重率、存活率、特定生长率和饲料效率)、免疫反应(血清溶菌酶活性、总补体活性和超氧化物歧化酶活性(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)和组织中铁积累量影响的研究。结果表明,各饲料组美国红鱼的成活率(93.33%-95.00%)无显著性差异(P>0.05);饲料铁含量在327.2、368.1mg/kg时饲料效率显著高于285.3、303.5、443.7mg/kg组(P<0.05);随着饲料中铁含量从285.3mg/kg增加到327.2mg/kg,美国红鱼的增重率和特定生长率显著升高(P<0.05),而饲料中铁含量达到443.7mg/kg之后,其增重率和特定生长率显著下降;以特定生长率为指标,通过回归拟合分析美国红鱼最佳生长性能的饲料铁含量为330mg/kg左右。各饲料组肌肉中铁积累量无显著性差异(P>0.05);随着饲料中铁含量从285.3mg/kg增加到443.7mg/kg,美国红鱼肝脏中铁积累量显著增加(P<0.05)。饲料铁含量在368.1mg/kg时血清溶菌酶活性达到最高值,并显著高于285.3、303.5、327.2mg/kg组(... 相似文献
3.
通过室内模拟实验研究了氟苯尼考对海洋沉积物中纤维素酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,在整个培养期间,低浓度(10mg/kg)的氟苯尼考对纤维素酶和过氧化氢酶活性没有明显影响,而较高浓度(100mg/kg和500mg/kg)则对过氧化氢酶活性具有明显的抑制作用,且随着氟苯尼考浓度的增加抑制作用加大。氟苯尼考在初始阶段对沉积物中多酚氧化酶的活性有显著的抑制作用;随着培养时间的延长,低浓度(10mg/kg)的氟苯尼考对酶活性的影响变得不明显,而较高浓度(100mg/kg和500mg/kg)的氟苯尼考在整个培养期间对多酚氧化酶的活性都具有显著的抑制作用。 相似文献
4.
根据2011年8月福建东山湾12个站位表层沉积物中5种重金属含量调查,探讨了它们的分布趋势、相互关系、影响因素,并运用潜在生态风险指数法对重金属污染进行风险评价.结果表明,该海域表层沉积物中重金属Cu含量变化范围在5.53～22.40 mg/kg之间,平均值为15.10 mg/kg;Pb含量变化范围在28.9～42.6 mg/kg之间,平均值为35.0 mg/kg;Zn含量变化范围在34.8～133.9 mg/kg之间,平均值为95.9 mg/kg;Cd含量变化范围在0.031～0.078 mg/kg之间,平均值为0.059 mg/kg;Cr含量变化范围在19.2～91.8 mg/kg之间,平均值为62.5 mg/kg.重金属含量的分布呈现湾顶（3、11号站）高、湾外（7号站）低的格局;沉积物中有机质对重金属含量的分布起着重要作用;重金属Cu、Zn和Cr的含量随着沉积物粗颗粒组分（63～2 000μm）含量的增大而降低,成负相关关系（p〈0.05）;Cr的含量随着粘土组分（〈1μm）含量的增大而增大,成正相关关系（p〈0.05）.除了湾顶3号站Cr（含量为91.8 mg/kg）以外,其他重金属元素含量均符合《海洋沉积物质量》一类标准;各元素潜在生态危害系数Ei r大小顺序为Cd〉Pb〉Cu〉Cr〉Zn,所有站位重金属潜在生态危害指数RI均远小于90,属低度生态风险,表明东山湾沉积环境基本良好. 相似文献
5.
6.
肽聚糖对鲈鱼生长和非特异性免疫力的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以初始体重(5.50±1.63) g的鲈鱼(Lateolabrax japonicus)为研究对象,研究饲料中添加肽聚糖对其生长和非特异性免疫力的影响.在配合饲料中分别加入0 mg/kg,100 mg/kg和500 mg/kg的肽聚糖制成3种等氮等能(蛋白42%,脂肪11%)的实验饲料,进行为期8周的摄食生长实验.实验结果表明,饲料中添加不同剂量的肽聚糖对鲈鱼的成活率无显著影响,但却显著影响其生长.当饲料中添加500 mg/kg肽聚糖时,鲈鱼的特定生长率显著高于对照组(0 mg/kg)和低添加量组(0 mg/kg)(P<0.01).当饲料中肽聚糖添加量为500 mg/kg时,鲈鱼白细胞的吞噬指数、血清溶菌酶活力均显著高于对照组和低添加量组(P<0.01).当饲料中肽聚糖添加量为100 mg/kg时,鲈鱼血清替代途径补体活力显著高于对照组,但却显著低于高添加量组(500 mg/kg)(P<0.01).攻毒实验结果表明,饲料中添加500 mg/kg肽聚糖能显著提高鲈鱼对哈维氏菌的抵抗能力.本研究结果表明,随着饲料中肽聚糖添加量的升高,鲈鱼的生长和非特异性免疫力均显著上升. 相似文献
7.
饲料中高水平铜对斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)生长和铜、铁、锰、锌含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用铜适量(4.47mg/kg)和铜过量(1127.51mg/kg)的两种饲料投喂初始体重为(12.9±0.2)g的斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)8周,研究饲料中过量铜对斜带石斑鱼生长性能、形态学指标、体组成和鱼体微量元素含量的影响。结果表明,当饲料铜含量由4.47mg/kg升高到1127.51mg/kg时,斜带石斑鱼增重率由228%下降到63%,饲料效率由1.12下降到0.51,肠脂比由2.90%下降到1.69%。全鱼和肝脏中的铜含量均随饲料铜水平的增加而显著增加,斜带石斑鱼全鱼铜含量由2.98mg/kg上升到34.98mg/kg,肝脏铜含量由36.6mg/kg上升到1364.0mg/kg。但饲料中过量铜对斜带石斑鱼的存活率、鱼体肥满度、脏体比、肝体比和全鱼体组成没有显著性影响。摄食高铜饲料的斜带石斑鱼肝脏锌含量显著升高,锌可能在铜的解毒过程中起着重要的作用。 相似文献
8.
采用单因子实验设计方法,进行饲料中添加锌对花鲈幼鱼生长(增重率、存活率、特定生长率和饲料效率)、免疫反应(血清溶菌酶活性和总补体活性)和组织中锌积累量影响的研究.通过在基础饲料中添加ZnSO4使饲料中锌含量分别达到83.3、95.2、101.6、120.3、159.9mg/kg,对花鲈幼鱼进行为期8周的生长实验,每个水平3个重复,每个养殖单元放养初始体重为(10.0±0.58)g左右的花鲈幼鱼20尾.饲养实验在海水网箱(1.5×1.0×1.0m3)中进行,实验期间水温为26.5-32.5℃,盐度为28-29,溶解氧含量在6mg/L左右.结果表明,各饲料组成活率(95.00%-100.00%)无显著性差异(P>0.05).随着饲料中锌含量从83.3mg/kg增加到101.6mg/kg,花鲈幼鱼的增重率和特定生长率显著升高(P<0.05),而饲料中锌含量达到101.6mg,kg之后,其增重率和特定生长率变化不显著(P>0.05);以增重率和特定生长率为指标,花鲈幼鱼最佳生长性能的饲料锌含量为103.4mg/kg左右.各饲料组肌肉中锌积累量无显著性差异;随着饲料中锌含量从83.3mg/kg增加到101.6mg/kg,花鲈幼鱼肝脏中锌积累量显著增加(P<0.05),而饲料中锌含量达到101.6mg/kg之后,其肝脏中锌积累量变化不显著(P>0.05);花鲈幼鱼获得肝脏中最大锌积累量时饲料中锌最低含量为105.1mg/kg.随着饲料中锌含量从83.3mg/kg增加到101.6mg/kg,花鲈幼鱼血清溶菌酶和总补体活性显著升高(P<0.05),饲料中锌含量达到101.6mg/kg之后,血清溶菌酶和总补体活性变化不显著(P>0.05).综上所述,花鲈幼鱼生长和免疫的锌适宜添加量为105.1mg/kg左右. 相似文献
9.
底质中的硫化物含量是一项重要的环境指标。本文对灵山卫附近海域50个底质样品进行了硫化物分析。硫化物的最高含量为78.42mg/kg,最低含量在方法的检出限(0.5mg/kg)以下,平均含量为5.29mg/kg。该海域大部分硫化物的含量在5.0mg/kg以下。硫化物的含量较低,表明该海域的底质环境为氧化环境。硫化物的含量主要受物质来源的影响,也与水动力条件和水深等因素有关。 相似文献
10.
测定了粤东青澳湾表层沉积物的7种重金属和总有机质的含量,分析了其分布特征及彼此之间的相关性,并运用海洋沉积物质量标准、富集系数和生态危害指数等方法对重金属的污染进行了综合评价.结果表明,该海域各重金属元素含量的平均值分别为:Cu(34.51 mg/kg)、Pb(41.89mg/kg)、Cd(0.11 mg/kg)、Zn(80.21 mg/kg)、Hg(0.039 mg/kg)、As(15.61 mg/kg)、Cr(29.41mg/kg).所有元素(Cu除外)都未超过《海洋沉积物质量》一类标准,且所有元素都远低于美国国家海洋和大气局(NOAA)提出的中值区间效应值(ERM),这表明本海域生态风险很小.整个海域各重金属元素的富集系数大小顺序:Pb>Cu>As>Zn>Cr>Cd>Hg,表现出主要以Pb(1.68)和Cu(1.15)为主的富集.各重金属元素生态风险大小顺序:As>Pb>Hg>Cd>Cu>Zn>Cr,而且所有站点重金属的危害综合指数RI都远低于轻微级别(150),没有表现出潜在生态危害. 相似文献
11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
14.
V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
15.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
16.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
17.
I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
18.
Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Analysis of the temporal variations of the virtual heights of the sporadic E layer (h?ES) determined from ionograms with increased accuracy (1... 相似文献
19.
E. L. Vinogradova 《Oceanology》2008,48(4):483-492
The spatiotemporal variability of the hydrochemical composition of the riverine runoff in nearmouth areas is presented using the example of selected rivers of the Arctic Basin. The temporal dynamics of the riverine nutrient runoff are mainly determined by the seasonal and interseasonal variations in the drainage basins. The spatial variations in the chemical composition of riverine waters in the near-mouth areas are mainly caused by the dynamics of the water flow and the river bed relief and, to a lesser degree, by biochemical processes. It is shown that the variations in the nutrient composition of the waters in near-mouth areas are comparable in magnitude to those at the river-sea geochemical barriers. 相似文献
20.
The methodology and the first results of the computations of the volumes, masses, and growth rates of the sedimentary body of the buried Black Sea basin are presented. Their temporal evolution reflects the regional paleogeodynamics, in particular, the reorientation of the vector of the relative movement of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates and the related intensification of their collision in the late Miocene-Pliocene. 相似文献