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1.
2006年3月和7月分别对珠江口疏浚物倾倒区附近的大型底栖生物进行了调查.对比分析了倾倒区内外大型底柄生物种类数、丰度、生物量、优势种和种类多样性指数的差异.结果表明,海洋倾倒可能使倾倒区内大型底栖生物种类、丰度、生物量和种类多样性降低,但对海区优势种的影响较小.AMBI和BENTIX指数评价结果认为倾倒区内底柄生物受到轻微干扰,倾倒区附近海域大型底柄生物群落在3月受干扰程度较7月大.丰度生物量比较(Abundance/biomass comparison,简称ABC)曲线分析结果认为倾倒区内大型底栖生物群落受到海洋倾倒活动轻微或中等程度的干扰. 相似文献
2.
威海市邻近海域生物群落结构状况分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为选划威海海洋倾倒区,于2006年10月对威海市东部邻近海域进行了综合调查,调查结果显示,威海邻近海域浮游植物种类组成中,硅藻、甲藻和金藻分别占81.0%,16.2%,2.8%,硅藻门中的角毛藻类占有绝对优势;浮游动物的数量组成和生物量的分布大体上相似,海域的主要优势种是强壮箭虫、中华哲水蚤、真刺唇角水蚤和锡兰和平水母,其中又以强壮箭虫的优势度最高,与我国北方海域浮游生物种类组成特征基本一致;底栖动物优势种不明显,未采集到经济种,群落结构正常.与1992年和2001年共三次结果对比分析可以看出,海域浮游植物种类组成和细胞数量均发生一定变化,硅藻种类减少,而微型甲藻、金藻种类比例相对上升;浮游动物种类数基本平衡,浮游幼虫相对减少,水母类有所增加;底栖生物种类降幅较大,生物密度(量)减少,海洋生物群落结构趋向简单,对环境敏感的底栖生物种类及经济种类如心形海胆、糠虾减少,而耐污种类如异须沙蚕却相对增加. 相似文献
3.
珠江口东南部海域大型底栖生物群落特征研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据2006年的3月和7月在珠江口东南部海域进行的大型底栖生物调查,初步鉴定出大型底栖生物共156种,其中多毛类种类最多(79种),其次是甲壳动物(37种)。7月(116种)比3月(92种)种类多。3月大型底栖生物平均生物量和平均密度分别为6.703g/m2和679.4ind/m2,7月分别为22.436g/m2和576.3ind/m2。大型底栖生物种类数、生物量、密度和多样性指数(H’和J’)在调查海区东南部相对较低。采用Bray-Curtis相似性系数聚类分析和多维排序尺度(MDS)分析了3月和7月大型底栖生物群落的相似性,认为相同季节各站大型底栖生物相似性系数较高,大型底栖生物群落季节性差异相对较大。大型底栖生物群落在40%相似性以上,3月和7月分别可以划分出2个和3个生物群落。3月大型底栖生物群落Ⅱ和7月群落Ⅰ受到中等程度的扰动,其它生物群落处于轻微扰动状态。大型底栖生物种类数、密度、种类均匀度和种类丰富度与水深和沉积物特征相关性显著。 相似文献
4.
《海洋湖沼通报》2015,(3)
根据2009-2013年对大万山南临时倾倒区启用前后调查资料,分析了临时倾倒区使用过程中浮游植物群落的时空变化特征及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明,该临时倾倒区启用后,海水水质因子季节性波动变化,其中,盐度受珠江径流冲淡水影响较大,营养盐特别是磷酸盐出现显著降低趋势,但各要素均基本符合海水一类水质标准。浮游植物生态群落结构变化较大,群落的演替率较高,群落相似性较低,但种类组成和优势群落特征符合珠江口外海域自然环境特点。统计分析表明群落特征变化受盐度、温度、营养盐特别是磷酸盐的影响较大,其中,营养盐结构组成变化与倾倒活动初期优势群落演替有较大相关性。尽管群落特征与倾倒量方有一定相关性(春季负相关,秋季正相关),但未发现二者存在规律性关系。因倾倒活动引起水质环境变化差异不显著,且浮游群落结构季节性变化较大,浮游植物群落结构特征变化主要驱动因子可能与盐度、营养盐等海区自然环境季节性变化有关。 相似文献
5.
2012年9月对辽东湾西部倾倒区海域的大型底栖动物进行了调查。调查海域共发现底栖动物54种,包括多毛类35种,甲壳类10种,软体动物6种,棘皮动物1种,其他2种。底栖动物丰度平均为1 140.8个/m2,生物量为11.02 g/m2,多样性指数平均为3.39。丰度、生物量比较结果显示,调查海域大型底栖动物群落受到中度干扰,调查海域底栖动物群落可分为以对照组为主的群落和倾倒区群落。海洋倾倒导致倾倒区内大型底栖动物的种类数量、丰度、生物量和多样性水平下降,群落特征种受倾倒的影响较明显。底栖动物与重金属含量之间无显著相关关系,掩埋是辽东湾西部倾倒活动主要的影响方式。 相似文献
6.
塔角海洋倾倒区底栖生物生态 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据１９９５年的调查，并与１９９３年比较，探讨了疏浚泥倾倒对塔角海洋倾倒区底栖生物的影响。结果表明，倾倒活动对底栖生物的影响较大。倾倒区内底栖生物种类明显减少，栖息密度和生物量变化显著。 相似文献
7.
浮游生物和大型底栖动物参与水体营养物循环, 影响着污染物的迁移转化与沉积物的稳定性, 对海洋生态系统的能 流和物流起着至关重要的作用。为系统了解渤海海域浮游生物和大型底栖动物多样性与优势种的时空变化状况, 本研究以生 态监测调查结果为依据, 站位重点布设在渤海海域重要的河口、海湾、海岛周边海域以及渤海中部海域, 同时结合相关历史 资料, 对渤海海域的浮游生物和大型底栖动物的种类组成 、密度 、生物多样性指数 、优势种等的变化趋势进行了分析。从 2016—2018 年浮游植物的细胞密度空间分布可以看出, 细胞密度均值在滦河口-北戴河海域相对较高, 而在锦州湾 、莱州湾 和庙岛群岛海域相对偏低。渤海浮游植物多样性在各调查海域之间相差不大, 但渤海湾海域的浮游植物多样性呈现明显的逐 年下降趋势。浮游动物细胞密度在滦河口-北戴河海域相对偏高, 其余各海域差别不大。2016—2018 年, 浮游动物多样性在 双台子河口 、渤海湾 、黄河口海域明显增加, 大型底栖动物群落物种数在渤海湾 、黄河口 、莱州湾和庙岛群岛均呈减少趋 势, 大型底栖动物多样性在锦州湾 、滦河口-北戴河的水平偏低, 在渤海湾有所下降, 耐污能力较强的多毛类成为目前渤海 近岸海域大型底栖动物最主要的优势类群。通过与历史数据对比可知, 2014—2018 年, 渤海浮游植物及浮游动物的群落种 类数、密度 、多样性指数总体变化不大, 主要优势种基本一致, 但大型底栖动物种类数 、生物量和密度总体上呈减少趋势, 主要优势种类由软体动物转变为环节动物多毛类。本研究丰富了渤海海域浮游生物和大型底栖动物群落的研究, 并为渤海生 态系统的健康评价与生物多样性保护提供了数据支持, 对合理开发海洋生物资源具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
8.
于2011年5月~2012年4月,对正在建设港口及其邻近海域环境进行为期一年的监测,研究港口建设引起的悬浮物变化,及其对海域重金属污染物和生物群落的影响。研究结果表明:(1)海域悬浮物的变化范围为1.2~147.5mg/L,底层悬浮物含量显著高于表层,悬浮物含量受季节自然因素和工程建设人为因素的双重影响;(2)水体中重金属含量呈现升高趋势,与悬浮物含量变化的关系不明显;(3)海域浮游植物密度和群落特征指数均较低,甲藻比例明显增加;浮游动物密度和各群落特征相对正常;底栖生物面临较大压力。 相似文献
9.
珠江口夏季中、小型浮游动物生态特征研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据2009年8月珠江口18个站位的调查资料,分析了珠江口中、小型浮游动物的种类组成、优势种、群落结构、种类多样性和个体数量分布状况,并探讨了主要环境因素的影响。经鉴定共发现终生浮游动物120种和阶段性浮游幼体5个类群。调查期间浮游动物平均个体数量为4 131.92个/m3。优势种为中华异水蚤(Acartiella sinensis)、肥胖三角溞(Evadna tergestina)和鸟喙尖头溞(Penilia avirosstris)。珠江口海域浮游动物种类、数量和优势种表现出明显的空间异质性。浮游动物的种类数、个体数量和群落结构主要受到珠江冲淡水和浮游动物本身的生态习性的影响。聚类分析和相关分析结果显示,夏季珠江口浮游动物群落可划分为河口群落和近岸群落两大类,而盐度在其中起着关键作用。 相似文献
10.
根据2008年9月第十二次中韩黄海环境联合调查底栖生物的调查资料整理而成,并与2006年的资料进行比较,分析研究了南黄海海域大型底栖动物的环境质量状况。结果表明,底栖生物种类组成以多毛类居首,软体动物次之。大型底栖生物的栖息密度、生物量和种类数基本上呈现沿岸高,黄海中部低的空间分布特征。调查海域东北部的B3站位是相对稳定的底栖生物栖息密度和生物量高值区。调查海域大型底栖生物可划分为7个群落,以临近长江口的群落Ⅶ的多样性指数和丰富度最高。靠近中国沿岸的群落的生物量组成与临近韩国的群落显著不同。中国与韩国的部分近岸海域均受到一定的人为扰动,但未发现有相互污染的情况。除群落Ⅳ和群落Ⅵ多样性指数和丰富度较低外,其它群落多样性指数和丰富度尚可,群落结构基本稳定。 相似文献
11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
14.
V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
15.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
16.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
17.
I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
18.
I. G. Ostrovskaya 《Physical Oceanography》1992,3(5):397-403
Three mathematical models are considered: a two-dimensional model for calculating the concentration fields of the ecosystem components on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea, a pointwise model for the annual variation of the components, and a two predators-prey model. These models are used to study the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the state of the shelf ecosystem and for research into the causes which distort the balance between marketable and unmarketable fish.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. 相似文献
19.
Al. A. Shreider 《Oceanology》2007,47(1):91-103
The first data on the temporal evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea are obtained. The sharp change in the rate of the decrease in the slope steepness that occurred in the Late Miocene-Pliocene time reflects a reorientation of the vector of mutual movement and a related intensification of the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates. 相似文献
20.
The study of the sedimentary body of the Bransfield Strait has made it possible to identify several sedimentary complexes, to construct the first electronic charts for the acoustic basement, and to establish four stages of the evolution of its floor, which updates the previous knowledge about the formation of the strait. At the first stage, there was an increase in tension stresses that were accompanied by the local splits of the continental crust at the periphery of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the second stage, a graben-like structure filled with the Lower stratigraphic complex was formed northward of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the third stage, the continuing processes of extension led to intensive explosive activity of the growing volcanic structures and filling of the graben with sediments of the Middle seismostratigraphic complex. The fourth stage, which has continued until recently, is characterized by quasi-linear localization of the major centers of volcanic activity in the band closer to the South-Shetland Islands and the formation of the Upper seismostratigraphic sedimentary complex. The evolution of the floor of the Bransfield Strait reflects the process of penetration of the American-Antarctic ridge to the continental lithosphere of the Antarctic Peninsula for the last million years. 相似文献