共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 120 毫秒
1.
基于Godfrey绕岛理论,在正压、线性模型下同时考虑了底摩擦和侧摩擦,得到带有摩擦的绕岛理论。根据两个岛屿的经向长度不同,将其分为3种情况;通过积分动量方程,分别得到了各自的带有摩擦的岛屿流函数解析解,从而得到两岛屿间流量公式。当忽略侧摩擦或底摩擦中的一个时,可得Wajsowicz的带有摩擦的绕岛理论。利用CCMP的风场数据,计算了印尼贯穿流的流量,通过比较发现,当只考虑侧摩擦时,流量会增加;当只考虑底摩擦时,流量会减少;当同时考虑底摩擦和侧摩擦时,流量会减少,减少的幅度较只考虑底摩擦时更大。与不考虑摩擦时相比,同时考虑摩擦和侧摩擦时的流量减少量不超过25%。 相似文献
2.
吴巍 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1995,(3)
采用二维非线性或线性潮波微分方程和三种不同底摩擦形式，在考虑岛屿或忽略岛屿（线性平滑）两种情况下，分别对渤海单个Ｍ２、Ｓ２、Ｋ１、Ｏ１分潮进行了数值计算。得出了这４个分潮在不同情况下的同期时线和等振幅线图及在部分站位上的调和常数值。计算表明，对渤海Ｍ２、Ｓ２、Ｋ１、Ｏ１单个分潮进行数值计算时，非线性方程中浅水和对流非线性项存在或不存在，对计算结果几乎没有影响，亚网格尺度岛屿对计算结果的影响并不大。用实测资料检验并与已有研究结果比较得出：由于水深过浅，底摩擦形式取非线性比取线性好；忽略尺度比网格尺度小得多的岛屿所得结果更合理，计算也更方便。 相似文献
3.
在Wajsowicz(1993)多岛环流理论的基础上,给出了一种摩擦-地形阻力作用的参数化方案,并应用于南海域际环流动力学的研究。结果表明,不考虑阻力时理论结果在海水输运方向上与实测一致,但在输运量的量值上与实测差别很大;考虑了摩擦-地形阻力作用后计算所得的各通道的流量与实测结果不但在方向上完全一致,在数值上也具有一定的一致性。因而在考虑了摩擦-地形阻力作用后,基于Sverdrup环流理论的多岛环流理论能够很好解释南海域际环流形成的主要动力机制。采用1948—2014年NCEP逐年风应力资料计算结果表明,各海峡流量均存在明显的年际变化,其中吕宋海峡和民都洛海峡更为明显。相关分析显示,吕宋、民都洛和卡里马塔海峡的流量相互之间存在较强的正相关性,而与望加锡海峡流量呈现显著的负相关。El Nio正位相期间太平洋-印度洋贯穿流南海分支加强而望加锡海峡流量减弱。计算结果还表明,吕宋海峡、民都洛海峡的西、南向流量在1948—2014年期间都存在明显的增强趋势,而卡里马塔海峡基本上未受影响。 相似文献
4.
Chezy型和广义Manning型摩擦关系在渤、黄、东海陆架潮汐模拟中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以往对渤、黄、东海潮汐数值模拟中使用的摩擦系数大都采用不随地点变化的常数,即采用Chezy型摩擦。为了改善模拟效果,本文比较了Chezy型和广义Manning型摩擦关系,并选择与实测数据符合最好的参数,即最优参数。结果表明,采用广义Manning型摩擦系数所得结果更好。底摩擦系数在0.0009至0.0014之间,显著低于Proudman(1953)给出的0.0026,也比以往大多数已发表的值小。与原始的Manning公式不同(该公式的幂值为负数),本研究得到的幂值为正,表明在渤、黄、东海陆架区。总体上,水体越浅摩擦系数越小。本文给出了根据最优Manning型摩擦参数模拟得出的同潮图和能通量分布图,并描述了它们的特征。 相似文献
5.
为了模拟南极绕极流区的流动，首先将环形条带区从Drake海峡处分开，并展成以经纬度为坐标的矩形区域。将模拟区划分为边界区和内部区。与Munk的大洋环流理论不同．在我们所考虑的线性化的涡度方程中保留了经向摩擦作用。这是基于绕极流流轴处的强剪切产生的经向摩擦项与β效应同等重要的判断。另外．内部区的北边界取为流线，而2个侧边界区的北边界视为南北水体交换的通道。基于巴西暖流穿过北边界流入和秘鲁寒流穿过北边界流出，以及常年有大于100Sv(平均约134Sv)的水体自西向东穿过Drake海峡的观测事实，引入了净通量条件。计算出了不同于Sverdrup流的更集中的内部区带状流的流线分布，这与观测大体一致。在Drake海峡处引入匹配条件，从而得到了完整的边界解。计算结果与理论分析指出，通过Drake海峡的流量远小于南极绕极流所带动水体的纬向通量是因为Drake海峡偏离绕极流流轴(也是南大洋西风带的主轴)。受南美大陆的阻挡，另一部分水体通过秘鲁寒流流出该海区。 相似文献
6.
波浪在传播过程中遇到岛屿就会发生绕射。本文使用混合元方法对修正型缓坡方程进行了数值求解,并与KUO et al的解析解进行了比较验证。在此基础上研究了工程尺度背景下,波浪在三维圆形岛地形上的绕射,计算了不同入射波浪周期、浅滩形状参数和岛屿尺寸情况下,沿波浪传播方向断面上和岛屿岸线上的相对波高大小。计算结果表明：随着入射波周期的减小、浅滩形状参数的增大和岛屿尺寸的减小,圆形岛迎浪侧的相对波高振荡幅度、圆形岛背浪侧的相对波高大小以及岛屿岸线上的相对波高振幅和大小均随之增大。不同情况下,岛屿岸线上的相对波高最大值大多数发生在迎浪点,个别发生在迎浪点两侧20°~25°处;最小值发生在背浪点两侧30°附近。 相似文献
7.
考虑底摩擦的波浪折射计算 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文用考虑底摩擦的折射模式计算了浅水中波高和波向分布。作为一个例子,根据不同的摩擦系数和不同的边界条件计算了一种简单海底地形的折射系数、衰减系数和折射角,所得结果与不考虑底摩擦的折射模式结果进行比较,发展它们之间存在一些差异,表明在浅水中底摩擦对波高有一定影响。 相似文献
8.
由海底摩擦与平均流速的平方成正比的公式,对底摩擦的性质(主要对拖曳系数C_0)进行讨论。研究在风暴潮和天文潮的条件下,海底摩擦与风速,风向和海深等因素的关系,得到有关奇异区的存在等结论,说明在整个海区内拖曳系数不为常数。 相似文献
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10.
本文将海面上的大气边界层简化为水平平板上湍流边界层的混合对流问题,并考虑大气与海浪之间的动量交换,计算出海面上风速、海气温差和风区等诸因素对海气动量输运的影响.边界层计算需用的湍流模式采用包含浮力效应的混合长模式,在考虑海浪作用的计算中采用理论与半经验公式相结合的方法.我们发现在有限风区情况下(刮离岸风的近海区域),风区会显着影响不同海气温差下海气动量交换过程,这一点在以往的研究中从未涉及到. 相似文献
11.
A new set of Boussinesq-type equations describing the free surface evolution and the corresponding depth-integrated horizontal velocity is derived with the bottom boundary layer effects included. Inside the boundary layer the eddy viscosity gradient model is employed to characterize Reynolds stresses and the eddy viscosity is further approximated as a linear function of the distance measured from the seafloor. Boundary-layer velocities are coupled with the irrotational velocity in the core region through boundary conditions. The leading order boundary layer effects on wave propagation appear in the depth-integrated continuity equation to account for the velocity deficit inside the boundary layer. This formulation is different from the conventional approach in which a bottom stress term is inserted in the momentum equation. An iterative scheme is developed to solve the new model equations for the free surface elevation, depth-integrated velocity, the bottom stress, the boundary layer thickness and the magnitude of the turbulent eddy viscosity. A numerical example for the evolution of periodic waves propagating in one-dimensional channel is discussed to illustrate the numerical procedure and physics involved. The differences between the conventional approach and the present formulation are discussed in terms of the bottom frictional stress and the free surface profiles. 相似文献
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Estimates of area-averaged tidal bottom stress are made for four channel segments of the Great Bay Estuary, N.H. Current and sealevel measurements are used to estimate acceleration and pressure gradient terms in the equation of motion, while the equation of motion itself is used to infer the remaining stress term. Dynamic terms, bottom stress values, friction coefficients and energy dissipation rates are estimated for each site. The analysis shows that while throughout the estuary the principal force balance is between the frictional stress and the pressure gradient forcing, RMS values of total bottom stress range from 2·67 to 10·38 Nm?2 and friction coefficients vary from 0·015 to 0·054. Both stress and energy dissipation are largest in the seaward portion of the estuary with an order of magnitude decrease in dissipation at the most inland site.These distributions of stress and energy dissipation are consistent with cotidal charts of the principal semi-diurnal tidal constituent (M2) which indicate that the estuary is composed of a highly dissipative more progressive tidal wave regime seaward and a less dissipative standing wave regime landward. 相似文献
14.
寒潮影响下江苏沿海风浪场数值模拟研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于第三代浅水波浪数值预报模型SWAN,建立自西北太平洋嵌套至东中国海、江苏沿海的三重嵌套模型,对2010年12月12日至15日江苏沿海寒潮大风引起的风浪过程进行了数值模拟研究。利用西北太平洋和江苏沿海实测数据对模型进行了验证,结果表明SWAN嵌套模型能较好地模拟江苏沿海寒潮风浪场的时空分布。通过响水站实测数据对江苏沿海底摩擦系数进行了率定,研究表明选取Collins拖曳理论中摩擦因数C_f=0.001时,有效波高模拟误差相对较小。寒潮风浪场的特征分析表明,有效波高分布与风场分布基本一致,寒潮风浪在江苏沿海北部影响较为显著,辐射沙洲附近由于其特殊地形影响相对较小。 相似文献
15.
The role of bottom friction in the runup of nonbreaking long waves on the shore is analyzed. The case of the normal incidence of monochromatic waves is considered. The relief of the model region consists of an even horizontal bottom area conjugated with a flat slope. The energy dissipation is estimated as the work of bottom friction forces over the wave field obtained using the known analytical solution based on the Carrier-Greenspan transforms. Estimates of energy losses for waves whose periods are typical for tsunami waves have been obtained. The energy dissipation is shown to be not concentrated in the shore line area as a rule. The question about the practicability of using partially reflecting boundary conditions on the coast to take into account the bottom friction in large-scale models of tsunami propagation is considered. 相似文献
16.
Wave-Current Propagation over a Frictional Topography 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ZUO Qihua DING Bingcan Prof. Senior Engineer River Harbour Department Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute 《中国海洋工程》1998,(4)
—In this paper the parabolic approximation model based on mild-slope equation is used tostudy wave propagation over a slowly varying and frictional topography under wave-current interaction.A governing equation considering the friction effects is derived by the authors for the first time.A simpli-fied form for the rate of wave energy dissipation is presented on the basis of the wave-current action conser-vation equation and the bottom friction model given by Yoo and O＇connor(1987).Examples reveal thatthe present computational method can be used for the calculation of wave elements for actual engineeringprojects with large water areas. 相似文献
17.
Sok Kuh Kang Kyung Tae Jung Ki-Dai Yum Kwang-Soo Lee Jin-Soon Park Eun Jin Kim 《Ocean Science Journal》2012,47(4):453-463
Uldolmok waterway, located between an island off the southwestern tip of Korean peninsula and mainland, is famous for its strong tidal current that has a maximum current of about 6.0m/s. A series of field observations along with numerical modeling have been carried out in order to understand the tidal dynamics in terms of the force balance along the whole waterway and the energy balance in the narrowest part of the waterway. First, analysis of the ADCP current and the tide level variation data reveals that the tidal dynamics along the total waterway (channel) is balanced dominantly between the pressure gradient and linear bottom frictional forces, with the phase lag of sea level difference for the semi-diurnal constituents leading the current phase about by 10°. Secondly, the result of the numerical modeling reveals that the tidal energy flux vector flows toward the narrowest section, indicating that there should be related nonlinear processes. Through the numerical model experiment with multi-components, the convergence of (M2 + S2) tidal energy flux of 6.68 × 107 Joule/s in the narrow area of the Uldolmok waterway is explained mainly by the energy consumption of 73% through the nonlinear generation of shallow water components and by the bottom frictional energy dissipation of 27%. This reveals that the remarkably strong nonlinear process dominates in the narrowest section of the Uldolmok waterway, compared with other areas, such as Yellow and East China Seas where the total M2 energy flux through the open boundary is balanced in terms of the bottom dissipation (Kang et al. 2003; Choi 1980). 相似文献
18.
Using a vertically two-dimensional, two-layer model, we have analytically examined the generation mechanism of a nonzero Eulerian
residual flow by strong tide-topography interaction in a narrow channel where the frictional effect is not included. In this
case, tidally generated baroclinic disturbances are forced non-uniformly in space and time while being advected by a strong tidal flow over the non-uniform slope of the bottom topography. Consequently, nonzero Eulerian residual flow results when averaged over one tidal period.
Although the time average of the velocity field is thus nonzero, the associated Eulerian residual transport in each layer
is compensated by a Stokes transport so that no Lagrangian residual transport results in both layers. This warns us that simple
time averaging of the velocity data obtained at a fixed mooring station might lead to a spurious material transport.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献