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卫星测高在确定地球重力场中的应用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
根据测高所得的几何量与地球重力场物理量之间的关系，探讨了卫星测高数据在确定地球重力场参数中的应用，主要包括利用卫星测高数据确定海洋大地水准面、确定海洋重力异常和改善地球重力场模型。 相似文献
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《海洋技术学报》2014,(5)
为了得到海洋地球物理勘探作业中震源阵列位置定位问题的解决方案,文中对航行作业过程中的地震勘探船只拖带的震源阵列实时位置计算方法进行了研究。首先,介绍了基于激光定位系统和相对GPS定位系统的震源阵列定位方法。为了解决相对GPS定位系统输出的定位数据粗差剔除、时间同步等预处理问题,提出了一种基于滑动缓冲区的多项式拟合粗差剔除和数据同步处理算法,满足了粗差剔除要求。并利用该模型函数实现了震源阵列放炮时刻观测值的内插,进而实现了放炮时刻和定位时刻的数据同步。在此基础上,研究了震源阵列导航定位模型,提出了以单个枪体为对象的卡尔曼滤波模型来描述震源阵列的运动状态,以满足海洋地球物理勘探震源阵列定位的需要。 相似文献
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分析了重力卫星数据构建的地球重力场模型EIGEN-CHAMP03S(140)、ITG-Grace2010s(180)、GO_CONS(240)、GOCO02s(250)的内符合精度,还与综合性地球重力场模型(EGM2008)进行了比较。然后,选用我国范围内854个AB级GPS/水准点,检核各模型分阶次确定的高程异常与实测值之间的差异,以体现其外符合精度。结果表明:以重力卫星数据构建地球重力场模型能以较高精度来表征重力场的中长波部分,与EGM2008模型的精度相当。在我国范围内,计算似大地水准面都能够达到米级精度,其中GOCO02s(250)模型精度最好,能达到0.5m的精度。 相似文献
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针对远离大陆的海岛礁地形测绘与高程基准转换困难的问题,基于ADS40航摄系统获取远离大陆的海岛礁区域遥感影像,按照GPS差分无地面控制点的空中三角测量模式实现海岛礁的地理定位,选择高精度的卫星测高模型实现海岛礁区域的高程基准转换。在某海域进行了ADS40测量作业与高程基准转换试验,结果表明,无地面控制点空中三角测量的平面精度达到0.587m;基于卫星测高模型进行垂直基准转换的精度与同步验潮水位观测法得到的高程传递精度相当。 相似文献
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分别采用非差无电离层组合模型与非差非组合模型进行批量静态定位解算,对比两者的定位精度以及ZPD估计精度。设计并实现两种模型的并行解算方法,提高非差模型的计算效率。大网数据实验结果表明,两种模型定位精度基本一致,非差非组合ENU的3个方向平均偏差为(4.2,2.8,6.6)mm,组合模型的平均偏差为(4.0,2.8,6.3)mm,但非差非组合模型的解算更加耗时,约是组合模型计算时间的1.4倍。多核环境下,两种模型的并行解算效率均比传统串行模型得到了提高。结果表明,双核并行和四核并行的计算效率比单核串行计算均分别提高了40%和60%以上。 相似文献
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Positioning drag anchors in seabed soils are strongly influenced not only by the properties of the anchor and soil,but also by the characteristics of the installation line.The investigation on the previous prediction methods related to anchor positioning demonstrates that the prediction of the anchor position during dragging has inevitably introduced some key and unsubstantiated hypotheses and the applicability of these methods is limited.In the present study,the interactional system between the drag anchor and installation line is firstly introduced for the analysis of anchor positioning.Based on the two mechanical models for embedded lines and drag anchors,the positioning equations for drag anchors have been derived both for cohesive and noncohesive soils.Since the drag angle at the shackle is the most important parameter in the positioning equations,a novel analytical method that can predict both the variation and the exact value of the drag angle at the shackle is proposed.The analytical method for positioning drag anchors which combines the interactional system between the drag anchor and the installation line has provided a reasonable theoretic approach to investigate the anchor behaviors in soils.By comparing with the model flume experiments,the sensitivity,effectiveness and veracity of the positioning method are well verified. 相似文献
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Deep-sea mining (DSM) is an advanced concept. A simulation method of coupled vessel/riser/body system in DSM combined with dynamic positioning (DP) is proposed. Based on the three-dimensional potential flow theory, lumped mass method, and Morison’s equations the dynamic models of the production support vessel, riser and slurry pump are established. A proportion integration differentiation (PID) controller with a nonlinear observer and a thrust allocation unit are used to simulate the DP system. Coupled time domain simulation is implemented with the vessel operated in two DP modes. Results of the vessel and pump motions, riser tension, and thruster forces are obtained. It shows that the pump will be lifted by the riser when the vessel is chasing the next set point. Riser tension is influenced by the wave frequency motions of the vessel in positioning mode and low-frequency motions in tracking mode. The proposed simulation scheme is practical to study the DSM operation. 相似文献
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大型海洋结构物的退役和拆除是油气行业面临的一个巨大挑战。双船起重拆除法提供了一种低成本、高效、灵活的解决方案,该方案采用两艘具有动力定位功能的半潜运输船从平台两侧将平台上层组块托起,随后协同托举运输至第三艘半潜运输船上后转运送至陆地。在这个过程中涉及到两艘及三艘船的协同动力定位作业,这对动力定位系统的同步性具有很高要求。多船近距离协同动力定位会受到螺旋桨与螺旋桨、船体与船体及螺旋桨与船体之间的干扰,动力定位的性能会受到影响。为此开展了相应的水池模型试验研究,对复杂环境下多船协同动力定位性能进行了分析,包括定位精度、功率消耗等,并对动力定位风险点进行了深入研究,验证了双船起重拆除法的可行性,并对实际工程的施工提供一定指导意见。 相似文献
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A. S. Gurvich 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2014,50(2):143-151
The possibility of lidar positioning of regions with higher clear-air turbulence (CAT) is shown. The turbulence is indicated by air density fluctuations generated by it. A scheme with a lidar based on using the backscattering enhecement (BSE) effect in a turbulent medium is considered. A stable solution of the positioning problem is obtained using the statistical regularization method. As is shown on models, CAT regions that are dangerous for civil aviation flights can be detected using such a lidar. 相似文献