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中太平洋ＣＰ２５岩心沉积物中钙十辽沸石,蒙脱石／伊利石比值,稀土元素含量,铈异常,铕异常及Ｓｒ,Ｎｄ同位素特征作为海底火山活动的证据,揭示了中太平洋海盆晚新生代以来火山活动和沉积的历史。其结果是,早中新世约２０－１７ＭａＢ．Ｐ．间,火山活动逐渐强烈,在１７ＭａＢ．Ｐ,最强烈,使得沉积物具有高Ｍ／Ｉ和∈Ｎｄ,低δＣｅ和＾８７Ｓｒｔ／８６Ｓｒ。 相似文献
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本文首次报道用沉积物捕捉器（ＳＴ）研究南沙群岛珊瑚礁湖沉降颗粒物中主要元素垂直通量、垂直转移形态、再循环过程及垂直通量与表层海水温度的关系。结果显示,作为生物化学沉积标志的Ｃａ、Ｍｇ具有最高的垂直通量,达１．４和０．１ｇ／（ｍ２·ｄ）以上,作为生物富集标志的Ｂｒ、Ⅰ也有较高的垂直转移量;垂直转移形态的研究表明Ｎａ、Ｋ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｓｒ主要以碳酸盐结合态向海底转移,其中Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｓｒ占９９％以上,Ｆｅ、Ｉ、Ｂａ主要以铁锰氧化物结合态向海底输送,在垂直沉降颗粒物到达海底后,有相当部分的主要元素可再循环进入水体中,Ｂｒ、Ｉ、Ｋ、Ａｌ的绝大部分进入再循环,Ｍｇ、Ｎａ、Ｃｌ有一半左右进入再循环,Ｃａ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ、Ｆｅ大部分被埋葬;Ｎａ等９种元素的垂直转移量随ＳＳＴ呈指数降低响应,对ＳＳＴ的敏感性Ｆｅ＞Ｂｒ＞Ｓｒ＞Ｃａ＞Ｎａ＞Ｃｌ＞Ｍｇ＞Ｉ＞Ａｌ,这再一次验证了ＣａＣＯ３随温度升高,其溶解度降低、化学沉积量增加这一自然界的普遍规律,表明在珊瑚礁海水的垂直沉降颗粒物中主要元素是作为珊瑚的重要成分与ＣａＣＯ３一同被沉积下来的,ＣａＣＯ３起到稀释剂的作用。 相似文献
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中太平洋北部沉积物￣（８７）Ｓｒ／￣（８６）Ｓｒ比值具有亚洲大陆特征Ｂ．Ｐｅｕｃｋｅｒ－Ｅｈｒｅｎｂｒｉｎｋ等由于Ｓｒ和Ｎｄ同位素组成不易被风化、搬运和沉积过程改造，所以沉积物Ｓｒ、Ｎｄ同位素组成记录了源区信息，我们测量了来自太平洋各个区域的１５２个... 相似文献
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东海中陆架泥质区及其周边底质中钙、锶、钡的地球化学特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
元素含量分析表明东海北部近岸泥质区以低Ｓｒ、相对低Ｃａ和最低的Ｓｒ／Ｂａ为特征;中陆架砂质区低Ｃａ、相对低Ｓｒ和相对低的Ｓｒ／Ｂａ;中陆架泥质区高Ｃａ、Ｓｒ、低Ｂａ和高的Ｓｒ／Ｂａ;外陆架砂质区具有最高的Ｃａ、Ｓｒ和Ｓｒ／Ｂａ。Ｃａ、Ｓｒ、ＰＩＣ三者关系密切,Ｂａ与Ｃａ、Ｓｒ、ＰＩＣ的相关性均差。Ｃａ、Ｓｒ具明显的亲自生性,主要赋存于海洋生源碳酸盐;Ｂａ具明显的亲它生性,主要赋存于硅酸盐矿物。Ｃａ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ的地球化学特征受研究区物源和水动力环境的强烈制约。海洋生物地球化学过程对Ｃａ和Ｓｒ的地球化学特征有重要影响。中陆架泥质区是东海北部现代陆架Ｃａ、Ｓｒ的“汇” 相似文献
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利用化石鱼牙齿的Ｓｒ同位素对深海粘土高精度测年Ｂ．Ｌ．Ｉｎｇｒａｍ为开展Ｓｒ同位素高精度地层学在深海粘土中的应用．本项研究中所用的远洋粘土样品于１９９２年取自ＯＤＰ１４５航次（北太平洋断面）在ＯＤＰ８８５和８８６钻孔中，远洋粘土沉积物每１．５ｍ取１０... 相似文献
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大洋沉积物中^10Be和^26Al的浓度变化与定年 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
＾１０Ｂｅ和＾２６Ａｌ都是长寿命宇宙成因放射性核素（半衰期分别为１．５１和０．７Ｍａ）。在深海沉积物剖面上＾１０Ｂｅ浓度随深度的增加并不是成简单的指数衰减,而往往表现出较大幅度的起伏和跳跃,沉积物中＾１０Ｂｅ的初始浓度不仅仅取决于＾１０Ｂｅ的海底通量,而且还与沉积物的成分以及沉积速率密切相关,＾１０Ｂｅ在广海海水中的滞留时间可以达到５００￣３０００年,这意味着在沉积到海底之前＾１０Ｂｅ与＾９Ｂｅ可 相似文献
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海洋富有机碳岩石通常赋存对公众生命、人类健康和环境有潜在危害的痕量元素。与世界页岩平均值（ＷＳＡ）相比,中新世蒙特里建造（加利福尼亚最广泛的油源岩）富集多种痕量元素。早期研究表明,在这些岩石中,与有机碳呈高度正相关（γ２＞０．７５）的元素有铬（Ｃｒ）、铜（Ｃｕ）、镍（Ｎｉ）、锑（Ｓｂ）、硒（Ｓｅ）、铀（Ｕ）、钒（Ｖ）、锌（Ｚｎ）等,呈明显正相关（γ２＝０．４～０．７５）的元素有砷（Ａｓ）、钡（Ｂａ）、镉（Ｇｄ）、和钼（Ｍｏ）。在这１２种元素中Ｓｅ对环境最为有害,Ａｓ、Ｇｄ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｓｂ… 相似文献
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中印度洋海盆沉积岩心中稀土元素的成岩再活化作用ＪＮＰａｔａｎ等稀土元素（ＲＥＥ）是了解沉积物和沉积岩沉积环境的有效示踪剂。中印度洋海盆（ＣＩＢ）的硅质软泥稀土元素丰度通常比钙质软泥高,但是比红粘土低,并且显示出正的Ｃｅ／Ｃｅ异常。Ｔｌｉｇ和Ｓｔｅｉ... 相似文献
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Soil-sized particulates have been collected on board ship by a mesh technique from the lower troposphere of the North, Equatorial and South Atlantic Ocean, northern and southern Indian Ocean, South and East China Sea and various coastal localities.Spectrographic analysis reveals that, on average, the particulates have concentrations of Mn, Ni, Co, Ga, Cr, V, Ba, and Sr which are of the same order of magnitude as those in average crustal material. In contrast, the average concentrations of Pb, Sn, and Zn are one order of magnitude higher than those in average crustal material.Within this “world-wide” average there are significant geographical variations in the distributions of Pb, Sn, and Zn which may be related to anthropogenic sources.On the basis of trace-element distributions lower tropospheric soil-sized marine particulates have been divided into four genetic components; local, zonal, inter-zonal, and global. The proportions of these components vary geographically, and each component may have both a natural and an anthropogenic fraction. 相似文献
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Tautog, Tautoga onitis, is an abundant species of fish in estuaries of the northeastern United States. Planktonic tautog larvae are abundant in summer in these estuaries, but there is little information on rates of growth of tautog larvae feeding on natural assemblages of food in the plankton. We examined abundance and growth of larval tautog and environmental factors during weekly sampling at three sites along a nearshore‐to‐offshore transect in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, USA during summer 1994. This is the first study of a robust sample size (336 larvae) to estimate growth rates of field‐caught planktonic tautog larvae feeding on natural diets, using the otolith daily‐growth‐increment method. The study was over the entire summer period when tautog larvae were in the plankton. The sampling sites contrasted in several environmental variables including temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and chlorophyll a concentration. There was a temporal progression in the abundance of tautog larvae over the summer, in relation to location and temperature. Tautog larvae were first present nearshore, with a pronounced peak in abundance occurring at the nearshore sites during the last 2 weeks in June. Larvae were absent at this time further offshore. From late June through August, larval abundance progressively decreased nearshore, but increased offshore although never approaching the abundance levels observed at the nearshore sites. The distribution and abundance of tautog larvae appeared to be related to a nearshore‐to‐offshore seasonal warming trend and a nearshore decrease in DO. Otoliths from 336 larvae ranging from 2.3 to 7.7 mm standard length had otolith increment counts ranging from 0 to 19 increments. Growth of larval tautog was estimated at 0.23 mm·day?1, and length of larvae prior to first increment formation was estimated at 2.8 mm indicating that first increment formation occurs 3–4 days after hatching at 2.2 mm. Despite spatial and temporal differences in environmental factors, there were no significant differences in growth rates at any of three given sites over time, or between sites. Because larval presence only occurred at a narrow range of temperature (17–23.5 °C) and DO (6.5–9.3 mg·l?1), in situ differences in growth did not appear to be because of differences in larval distribution and abundance patterns relative to these parameters. 相似文献
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Klaus Kremling 《Marine Chemistry》1983,13(2):87-108
In June 1981, dissolved Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, and Mn were determined from two detailed profiles in anoxic Baltic waters (with extra data for Fe and Mn from August 1979). Dramatic changes across the O2H2S interface occur in the abundances of Cu, Co, Fe, and Mn (by factors of ?100). The concentrations of Zn, Cd, and Ni at the redox front decrease by factors between 3 to 5.Equilibrium calculations are presented for varying concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and compared with the field data. The study strongly supports the assumption that the solubility of Zn, Cd, Cu, and Ni is greatly enhanced and controlled by the formation of bisulfide and(or) polysulfide complexes. Differences between predicted and measured concentrations of these elements are mainly evident at lower ΣH2S concentrations.Cobalt proved to be very mobile in anoxic regions, and the results indicate that the concentrations are limited by CoS precipitation. The iron (Fe2+) and manganese (Mn2+) distribution in sulfide-containing waters is controlled by total flux from sediment-water interfaces rather than by equilibrium concentrations of their solid phases (FeS and MnCO3). The concentrations of these metals are therefore expected to increase with prolonged stagnation periods in the basin. 相似文献
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P.N. Froelich L.W. Kaul J.T. Byrd M.O. Andreae K.K. Roe 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1985,20(3):239-264
Concentrations of dissolved nutrients (NO3, PO4, Si), germanium species, arsenic species, tin, barium, dimethylsulfide and related parameters were measured along the salinity gradient in Charlotte Harbor. Phosphate enrichment from the phosphate industry on the Peace River promotes a productive diatom bloom near the river mouth where NO3 and Si are completely consumed. Inorganic germanium is completely depleted in this bloom by uptake into biogenic opal. The ratio taken up by diatoms is about 0·7 × 10?6, the same as that provided by the river flux, confirming that siliceous organisms incorporate germanium as an accidental trace replacement for silica. Monomethylgermanium and dimethylgermanium concentrations are undetectable in the Peace River, and increase linearly with increasing salinity to the seawater end of the bay, suggesting that these organogermanium species behave conservatively in estuaries, and are neither produced nor consumed during estuarine biogenic opal formation or dissolution. Inorganic arsenic displays slight removal in the bloom. Monomethylarsenic is produced both in the bloom and in mid-estuary, while dimethylarsenic is conservative in the bloom but produced in mid-estuary. The total production of methylarsenicals within the bay approximately balances the removal of inorganic arsenic, suggesting that most biological arsenic uptake in the estuary is biomethylated and released to the water column. Dimethylsulfide increases with increasing salinity in the estuary and shows evidence of removal, probably both by degassing and by microbial consumption. An input of DMS is observed in the central estuary. The behavior of total dissolvable tin shows no biological activity in the bloom or in mid-estuary, but does display a low-salinity input signal that parallels dissolved organic material, perhaps suggesting an association between tin and DOM. Barium displays dramatic input behavior at mid-salinities, probably due to slow release from clays deposited in the harbor after catastrophic phosphate slime spills into the Peace River. 相似文献
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Linjie Zheng Tomoharu Minami Shotaro Takano Hideki Minami Yoshiki Sohrin 《Journal of Oceanography》2017,73(5):669-685
A central theme of the ongoing GEOTRACES program is to improve the understanding of processes occurring at ocean interfaces with continents, sediments, and ocean crust. In this context, we studied the distributions of Al, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb around the Juan de Fuca Ridge (JdFR) in total dissolvable (td), dissolved (d), and labile particulate (lp) fractions, which represent a fraction in unfiltered samples, filtered samples through an AcroPak capsule filter, and the difference between td and d, respectively. Al and Fe were dominated by lp-species, while Ni, Zn, and Cd were dominated by d-species with undetectable amounts of lp-species. Major findings in this study are as follows: (1) The continental margin (CM) provided large sources of Al, Mn, Fe, and Co from the surface to ~2000 m in depth. The supply from CM caused high surface concentrations of dMn and dCo, a subsurface (100–300 m depth) maximum of dCo, and intermediate (500–2000 m depth) maxima of lpAl and lpFe. The supply of dFe from CM was ~10 times that from the high-temperature hydrothermal activity at station BD21, which is located at ~3 km from the Middle Valley venting site and ~ 200 km from Vancouver Island. (2) DPb was maximum at the top layer of North Pacific Intermediate Water, probably owing to isopycnal transport of anthropogenic Pb via advection of subducted surface waters. Although dCo and dPb had different sources in the upper water, they showed a strong linearity below 300 m (r 2 = 0.95, n = 38), indicating concurrent scavenging. (3) A high-temperature hydrothermal plume occurred at a depth of 2300 m at BD21, accounting for maxima of dAl, dMn, dFe, lpCu, and lpPb and a minimum of dCu. (4) Strong bottom maxima of lpAl, lpMn, lpFe, lpCo, and lpPb occurred above the abyssal plain at the western foot of the JdFR, indicating resuspension of sediments. However, bottom maxima of d-species were apparent only for dAl and dCu. 相似文献