共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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海底沉积物声衰减同轴差距衰减测量法与其他测量方法的对比研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以精度较高的现场测量Hamilton的原位测量所得数据为标准，对比研究了钱正明的直立同轴衰减测量法、刘强的垂直轴差距衰减测量法和我们课题组的同轴差距衰减测量法等3种研究海底沉积物声衰减的实验室测量方法。通过3种实验测量方法所得数据跟Hamilton原位测量所得数据进行对比，分析了以上实验室方法的优缺点，并分析了声衰减与样品长度和测量频率的关系。同轴差距衰减测量法与直立同轴衰减测量法相比，前者在消除测量仪器和耦合衰减误差方面，以及在实验样品长度方面更合理。同轴差距衰减测量法与垂直轴差距测量法相比，同轴差距衰减测量法在原理上保证了声波传播能量接收的同轴性和同指向性，其实验数据比利用相同实验仪器的垂直轴差距测量法的数据更准确。 相似文献
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为研究小尺度海底沉积物样品的声衰减特性,作者提出了用声学探针测量海底沉积物声波幅值的新方法,对沉积物样品扰动小,两个测量点的距离可小于波长,为海底沉积物微观声衰减测量提供了新手段。作者用小于波长的间隔逐点测量了沉积物的压缩波幅值,数据分析表明沿沉积物柱状样全长的声衰减满足指数衰减模型。目前主要用同轴差距衰减测量法获得海底沉积物声衰减数据,但该方法不能辨识声衰减模型,因此不同海区的测量结果难以建立联系。对此作者又提出用声吸收系数反演的幅值比与声衰减系数反演的R值(两种幅值比的比值)作评价依据,分析了垂直轴差距衰减测量法获得的南海海底沉积物声衰减测量数据,发现部分沉积物样品声衰减的R值远大于1,其声衰减不满足指数衰减模型。在声衰减满足指数衰减模型的条件下,用Hamilton的声衰减和频率经验公式预报的南海沉积物声衰减比与作者用声学探针测量海底沉积物所得的声衰减比对比,通过对R值分析得出Hamilton的声衰减和频率经验公式可以预报南海沉积物声衰减比的范围。作者提出的声学探针测量海底沉积物声衰减的方法的优点是既能获得声衰减数据又能辨识声衰减模型,不同海区测量的沉积物声衰减比可用R值建立联系。 相似文献
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本文提出一种用高频正入射声脉冲估测海底表层沉积物衰减系数的方法。在一定的条件下,正入射声脉冲海底回波的包络含有指数衰减因子exp(-βct)。如果声波频率足够高,回波包络的形状主要取决于声波在沉积物中传播的指数衰减。因此,从回波包络可以估算沉积物的衰减系数。本文在细密分层模型的基础上推导出回波包络,这可以看作是对高频声波在沉积物中体积散射机理的一种解释。文中给出了海上实验的测量结果。 相似文献
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本文针对温度差异对沉积物的声学特性的影响，研究不同温度下沉积物的频谱特征规律。把南海深海沉积物的人工样品置于温控环境中，采集经历沉积物的超声信号，对其进行快速傅里叶变换获得频谱特征，分别从主频漂移、主频幅值、主频频宽、接收能量等方面归纳出温度影响下的海底沉积物超声信号的频谱特征规律：如温度变化影响频谱特征，但可重复性低；温度增加使沉积物对声信号的衰减增大；频宽与频率幅值呈负相关，但温度-幅值的关系明显于温度-频宽的关系。因此，温度改变导致沉积物超声信号频谱的规律性变化。 相似文献
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报道了南海浅海海底沉积物的声衰减性质。给出了测量和计算海底沉积物声衰减的方法。分析讨论了不同频率下的声衰减以及与若干个海底沉积物物理参数的关系,结果表明,同一类型沉积物在高频段时的声衰减要比低频段的声衰减大;同一频段下粗颗粒沉积物的声衰减要比细颗粒的声衰减大;北部湾海底浅层沉积物声衰减在低频100kHz下为80~150dB/m,在高频1MHz下为150~360dB/m;海南岛南部外海海底浅层沉积物声衰减在低频下为66~160dB/m,在高频1MHz下为190~350dB/m;高频段的数据与台湾海峡北部海底表层沉积物声衰减测量分析数据比较接近,而低频段的数据与台湾海峡北部海底表层沉积物声衰减测量分析数据有较大的差别。 相似文献
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本文初步建立了浅层声波勘探K参数方程,并用该方程计算了舟山海区浅层沉积物的平均声衰减系数,依此把调查区海底沉积物划分为:Ⅰ.低声衰减区;Ⅱ.中声衰减区;Ⅲ.高声衰减区。本文还讨论了这3个区的浅层沉积物分层结构及其地质意义。 相似文献
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南沙海域深水区表层沉积物声速与孔隙度相关关系 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用同轴差距测量法对南沙海域海底沉积物取样进行甲板现场声学测量,并计算了声速,结合沉积物取样分析获得的孔隙度,研究了海底表层100 cm沉积物的声速和孔隙度之间的相互关系,分析获得了孔隙度与海底沉积物声速关系的经验公式,结果表明此海域沉积物声速的临界孔隙度为67.80%。将此公式与国内外其他学者建立的经验公式进行了对比,分析发现各预测方程之间存在着差异,说明不同海域的沉积物声学特性具有差异性,经验公式具有区域性,同时分析了其他影响声速的因素。此项工作对于建立和研究南海声场环境具有重要意义。 相似文献
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The acoustic properties of seafloor sediments are of great importance in geoacoustic modeling, detecting, and oceanic engineering. The methods based on the first arrival cycle are investigated to calculate sound speed and attenuation of sediment more precisely in in situ measurements. The comparison of different data analysis methods based on the first arrival cycle approach for in situ measurement results in the following conclusions: (1) the calculated methods can help find the effective cycles and reduce the errors in calculating sound speed and attenuation; (2) using this approach, the point judgment method-based data analysis has the same effectiveness as the cross-correlation method-based data analysis in calculating group sound speed and has the same effectiveness in calculating attenuation in the time domain as the spectrum analysis method-based data analysis has in calculating attenuation in frequency domain; and (3) measurement in water can help not only calibrate the transmitting distance but also can calculate the time delay for the sound speed and the attenuation loss in the transmitting process. Finally, theoretical calculation was used to calculate the measured results, indicating a good agreement, which supports that first arrival cycle-based calculated methods can be used to analyze the measured data and the effective density fluid model can be used to analyze more acoustic properties and invert several physical properties in this experiment. 相似文献
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Jian-Jun Long 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(2):176-189
Seabed sediment microstructure has an influence on its acousto-physical properties, and the properties in a length of the sediment column reflect an aspect of the macroscopic behavior of the microstructure. An original measurement method of the sound attenuation within small distance cross sections in a sediment column, and the corresponding approach in data processing to attain an attenuation factor are detailed in the paper. This method was used to measure the compressional wave in series of points with a small distance in the sediment column, and it is shown that exponential attenuation is a type of compressional wave attenuation model for a sediment column in its full length. It indicates that there are various models of compressional wave attenuation in seabed sediments in the South China Sea after comparison of data from other literature. The method of measuring sound attenuation satisfies the sampling space interval in the acoustical forward and inverse problems in seabed sediments, and the original method provides a new approach for finding out sound attenuation mechanism in seabed sediments on small length scale. 相似文献
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Comparison of sound speed and attenuation measured in a sandy sediment to predictions based on the Biot theory of porous media 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Williams K.L. Jackson D.R. Thorsos E.I. Dajun Tang Schock S.G. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2002,27(3):413-428
During the sediment acoustics experiment in 1999 (SAX99), several researchers measured sound speed and attenuation. Together, the measurements span the frequency range of about 125 Hz-400 kHz. The data are unique both for the frequency range spanned at a common location, and for the extensive environmental characterization that was carried out as part of SAX99. Environmental measurements were sufficient to determine or bound the values of almost all the sediment and pore water physical property input parameters of the Biot poroelastic model for sediment. However, the measurement uncertainties for some of the parameters result in significant uncertainties for Biot-model predictions. Here, measured sound-speed and attenuation results are compared to the frequency dependence predicted by Biot theory and a simpler "effective density" fluid model derived from Biot theory. Model/data comparisons are shown where the uncertainty in Biot predictions due to the measurement uncertainties for values of each input parameter are quantified. A final set of parameter values, for use in other modeling applications e.g., in modeling backscattering (Williams et al., 2002) are given, that optimize the fit of the Biot and effective density fluid models to the sound-speed dispersion and attenuation measured during SAX99. The results indicate that the variation of sound speed with frequency is fairly well modeled by Biot theory but the variation of attenuation with frequency deviates from Biot theory predictions for homogeneous sediment as frequency increases. This deviation may be due to scattering from volume heterogeneity. Another possibility for this deviation is shearing at grain contacts hypothesized by Buckingham; comparisons are also made with this model. 相似文献
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Shallow-water transmission loss measurements taken in 1988 and 1993 along the same cross slope track on the New Jersey shelf are examined for the frequency interval 50-1000 Hz. Computed results, using a geoacoustic model based on a linear frequency dependence of the sediment volume attenuation, showed less loss than the measured data at the higher frequencies. A two stage, least squares procedure, is developed as a means of quantitatively examining the differences between the measured and computed results. The procedure focuses on the frequency dependence of the sediment volume attenuation and allows the comparison between measurements and computations to be formulated as a statistical test of hypothesis. A geoacoustic model, using a nonlinear frequency dependency and reasonable uncertainty for the sediment volume attenuation, provides a good fit to the data 相似文献
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Jiliang Wang Shiguo Wu Jianhua Geng Priyank Jaiswal 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2018,39(4):509-522
A better understanding of wave attenuation in hydrate-bearing sediments is necessary for the improved geophysical quantification of marine gas hydrates. Here we compare the attenuation behavior of hydrate-saturated vs water-saturated sediments at site GC955H, in the Gulf of Mexico, which was surveyed during the JIP Leg II expedition. We compute the P-wave attenuation of the gas hydrate bearing sediments using the median frequency shift method on the monopole waveforms. The results show that P-wave attenuation due to low saturation (<?0.4) in hydrate-filled fractures of fine-grained sediment is comparable to that of the water-filled fracture case. On the contrary, P-wave attenuation due to high saturation (>?0.4) in the hydrate-filled pores of coarse-grained sediments can be up to as much as three times more than that of the water-saturated case. The correlation analysis shows that the P-wave attenuation increases with the increasing gas hydrate saturation for the highly saturated gas hydrate-bearing sand interval while the correlation of the P-wave attenuation and hydrate saturation is weak for low saturated gas hydrate-bearing shale interval. The results show that P-wave attenuation is more likely to be used as a geophysical proxy for gas hydrate quantification of highly concentrated coarse-grained sediment rather than for that of fine-grained sediment. To examine the P-wave behavior in sand, we use the improved LCAM model, which accounts for physical factors such as grain boundary roughness and squirt flow to explain the observed differences in P-wave attenuation between hydrate and water-saturated coarse-grained sediment. Our results provide further geophysical evidences for P-wave behavior in the gas hydrate-bearing sediments in the field. 相似文献