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1.
李雪艳  王庆  范庆来  王岗 《海洋通报》2016,35(6):702-707
本研究设计前仰式、深弧式和后仰式3种弧形胸墙以及直立式胸墙进行物理模型试验,通过安装在胸墙迎浪面上的压力传感器测量所受波浪压力,讨论不同型式斜坡堤弧形胸墙迎浪面所受波浪压力的分布规律及其影响因素。试验结果表明:弧形胸墙迎浪面所受波浪压力随着测点高程的增大呈现振荡减小的变化趋势,最大值出现在弧顶处。随着入射波周期的增大呈现先增大后减小再增大的变化趋势。相同波浪要素条件下,斜坡堤弧形胸墙波浪压力大于直立式胸墙波浪压力;而在斜坡堤弧形胸墙中,后仰式胸墙波浪压力较前仰式和深弧式的大。  相似文献   

2.
王键  孙大鹏  吴浩 《海洋工程》2018,36(4):138-146
采用黏性流体的连续性方程、雷诺时均N-S方程作为基本控制方程,RNG k-ε模型模拟湍流效应,VOF方法捕捉流体自由表面,结合主动吸收式造波理论,借助FLUENT软件建立二维不规则波数值水槽。在验证数值水槽造波性能的基础上,数值模拟带胸墙斜坡堤的越浪,并将数值计算的平均越浪量与已有物模试验值进行对比,两者趋势一致,吻合良好;表明该数值水槽模拟不规则波作用带胸墙斜坡堤越浪的准确性。针对带胸墙斜坡堤,藉此分析了堤顶超高、斜坡坡比、坡肩宽度及坡肩高度对其平均越浪量影响的规律性,研究成果对斜坡堤工程设计具有重要的参考意义。  相似文献   

3.
扭王字块体护面斜坡堤越浪量试验研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
针对现行规范中缺少扭王字块体护面斜坡堤越浪量的计算方法,考虑波陡、相对水深、相对堤顶超高、相对坡肩宽度、相对胸墙高度和相对块体尺寸等影响因素,通过波浪水槽物模试验,运用多元回归方法,给出了扭王字块体斜坡堤越浪量中护面结构影响系数和平均越浪量的计算公式。与试验值和其它计算公式进行了验证对比,结果基本吻合,具有一致性的规律。研究成果丰富了规范内容,对斜坡堤工程设计具有重要参考意义。  相似文献   

4.
斜坡堤典型胸墙波浪力的影响因素   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
李雪艳  付聪  范庆来  王岗 《海洋科学》2015,39(12):118-129
为探求斜坡堤典型胸墙迎浪面所受波浪力大小的影响因素,设计前仰式、深弧式、后仰式和直立式4种结构型式胸墙进行相关的物理模型试验。通过在典型胸墙迎浪面间隔布置压力测点,获取所受波浪压力,并将其进行积分求和,得到胸墙所受波浪力,进而讨论相对波高、相对波长、斜坡坡度和胸墙结构型式对波浪力的影响。结果表明,相对波高与相对波长对胸墙所受波浪力影响显著;波浪力随着相对波高的增大而增大,随着相对波长的增大呈现先增大、后减小、再增大的变化趋势;波浪力随着斜坡坡度的增大而减小。斜坡堤弧形胸墙所受波浪力明显大于直立式胸墙所受波浪力;在斜坡堤弧形胸墙中,前仰式胸墙受力较其余两种型式胸墙受力小。研究结果将加深波浪对斜坡堤胸墙作用力的理解,为后续工程设计提供理论指导。  相似文献   

5.
为探求斜坡堤典型胸墙迎浪面所受波浪力大小的影响因素,设计前仰式、深弧式、后仰式和直立式四种结构型式胸墙进行相关的物理模型试验。通过在典型胸墙迎浪面间隔布置压力测点获取所受波浪压力,并将其进行积分求和得到胸墙所受波浪力,进而讨论相对波高(H/d)、相对波长(L/d)、斜坡坡度和胸墙结构型式对波浪力的影响。试验结果表明:相对波高与相对波长对胸墙所受波浪力影响显著。波浪力随着相对波高的增大而增大,随着相对波长的增大呈现先增大—后减小—再增大的变化趋势。波浪力随着斜坡坡度的增大而减小。斜坡堤弧形胸墙所受波浪力明显大于直立式胸墙所受波浪力;在斜坡堤弧形胸墙中,前仰式胸墙受力较其余两种型式胸墙受力小。研究结果将加深波浪对斜坡堤胸墙作用力的理解,为后续工程设计提供理论指导。  相似文献   

6.
在多个实际工程的模型试验及专题研究的基础上,本文对斜坡式防浪堤上一种墙顶设有挑浪嘴、墙底设有前齿的“L”形胸墙的若干问题进行了小结。文中,对越浪量估算和堤顶标高的合理确定、挑浪嘴和墙底前齿的机理及其效应、作用于墙上的波压力、胸墙断面的优化设计方法等作了全面的阐述。  相似文献   

7.
带胸墙斜坡堤越波量的试验研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
带胸墙斜坡式防波堤堤顶标高的合理确定,有赖于越波量的正确计算。本文基于水力学中流量系数的概念,建立越波量的计算公式。对影响流量系数的几个主要因素:波高、波陡、胸墙高、平台宽度、相对水深和护面结构等,进行了较系统的试验和讨论,提出了确定流量系数的经验公式。另外,还根据越波量的大小及越波波态,将堤分为:不越水堤、少量越水堤、越水堤及半潜堤四类,可作为合理确定堤顶标高时参考。  相似文献   

8.
为客观评价胸墙结构型式的合理性,针对前仰式、深弧式、后仰式和直立式四种胸墙结构开展了相关物理模型试验。采用压力传感器测量胸墙波浪压力,通过积分求和获取波浪总力。采用数码相机记录不同结构型式胸墙的反浪效果,同时利用称重法获得不同波浪要素条件下胸墙越浪量。试验结果表明:弧形胸墙的反浪效果明显优于直立式,但其受力较直立式大。3种弧形胸墙中,前仰式具有较好的反浪效果且受力较小。由此,建议工程设计采用前仰式胸墙结构。  相似文献   

9.
通过物理模型试验研究中国《海港水文规范》(JTJ213-98)中斜坡式防波堤顶部胸墙波浪力计算公式在深水情况下的适用性.试验测量4种不同水深波浪作用下斜坡堤顶部胸墙的波浪力和作用高度.通过对胸墙迎浪面的波浪压强分布、总水平作用力和波浪作用高度的试验结果与《海港水文规范》结果的对比分析,发现胸墙迎浪面的实测波压分布不同于规范采用的均匀分布;规范计算得到的总水平力和波浪作用高度均小于实测值.本文改进规范中斜坡堤胸墙波浪力计算方法,使其更适用于深水堤顶部胸墙受力计算.  相似文献   

10.
斜坡堤胸墙波压力的试验与分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
通过断面物理模型试验,获得了斜坡堤堤顶胸墙在肩宽B不同工况组合下,承受水平波浪力、底部浮托力的大量数据。对这些数据进行了分析,得出了斜坡堤堤顶胸墙波压力随肩宽B的变化规律。  相似文献   

11.
This paper describes a new station for full-scale measurement of wave overtopping at the Rome yacht harbour rubble mound breakwater in Ostia (Italy) and the results of the successful first measurement campaign carried out during the winter season 2003–2004. The equipment and the research activities were supported by the EU project CLASH, focusing on scale effects for wave overtopping at coastal structures. The site is characterized by a very small tidal range, a long shallow foreshore and depth-limited breaking waves which interact with a shallow sloping porous rock structure. Overtopping water is collected by a steel tank installed on the crown slab behind the parapet wall. The measurement of water level variation inside the tank by means of two pressure transducers allows the calculation of individual overtopping volumes. Incident waves, sea levels and wind are also measured. During seven independent storms, more than 400 individual overtopping events were recorded and about 86 h of valid data are available. This extensive dataset is presented, discussed and then used for comparison with two commonly used overtopping prediction formulae based on small-scale model tests showing their tendency to underestimate the prototype results. A strong correlation between the hourly mean overtopping discharge and corresponding maximum volume is also presented. The paper generally confirms the validity of the approach used in Troch et al. (2004) [Troch, P., Geeraets, J., Van de Walle, B., De Rouck, J., Van Damme, L., Allsop, W., Franco, L., 2004. Full-scale wave overtopping measurements on the Zeebrugge rubble mound breakwater. Coastal Engineering 51, 609–628] for field measurement of wave overtopping.  相似文献   

12.
斜向和多向不规则波对直立堤平均越浪量研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过三维波浪模型试验研究了斜向和多向不规则波对直立堤的越浪量。分别按平均越浪量和单波最大越浪量进行研究,探讨了平均越浪量随相对堤高、波浪方向、波浪方向分布宽度、波陡和相对水深等影响因素的变化规律,导得了斜向和多向不规则波作用于直立堤上的平均越浪量的计算公式。  相似文献   

13.
越浪式发电装置具有结构稳定、可靠性高等优点。在前人的研究基础上,对越浪式波能发电装置的模型进行了优化设计,通过模型实验研究了该波能发电装置在不同波况、不同干舷高度下对波能的俘获能力以及结构的受力情况。对越浪量的试验结果进行了无量纲分析,分别得出了越浪式模型装置的越浪量关于干舷高度和波高的指数函数拟合曲线,总结了两者对越浪量影响的普遍规律。通过对规则波和不规则波波浪作用下装置受力结果的归纳总结,探讨了波能装置波压力和浮托力变化的一般规律。本研究可为越浪式波能发电装置的研究提供参考依据,为波浪能的利用提供一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

14.
Numerical analysis of wave overtopping of rubble mound breakwaters   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The paper describes the results of a two-dimensional (2-D) numerical modelling investigation of the functionality of rubble mound breakwaters with special attention focused on wave overtopping processes. The model, COBRAS-UC, is a new version of the COBRAS (Cornell Breaking Waves and Structures) based on the Volume Averaged Reynolds Average Navier–Stokes (VARANS) equations and uses a Volume of Fluid Technique (VOF) method to capture the free surface. The nature of the model equations and solving technique provides a means to simulate wave reflection, run-up, wave breaking on the slope, transmission through rubble mounds, overtopping and agitation at the protected side due to the combined effect of wave transmission and overtopping. Also, two-dimensional experimental studies are carried out to investigate the performance of the model. The computations of the free surface and pressure time series and spectra under regular and irregular waves, are compared with the experimental data reaching a very good agreement. The model is also used to reproduce instantaneous and average wave overtopping discharge. Comparisons with existing semi-empirical formulae and experimental data show a very good performance. The present model is expected to become in the near future an excellent tool for practical applications.  相似文献   

15.
A series of hydraulic model tests are carried out to investigate random wave run-up and overtopping on smooth, impermeable single slope and composite slope. Based on analysis of the influences of wave steepness, structure slope, incident wave angle, width of the berm and water depth on the berm and the wave run-up, empirical formulas for wave run-up on dike are proposed. Moreover, empirical formula on estimating the wave run-up on composite slope with multiple berms is presented for practical application of complex dike cross-section. The present study shows that the influence factors for wave overtopping are almost the same as those for wave run-up and the trend of the wave overtopping variation with main influence parameters is also similar to that for wave run-up. The trend of the wave overtopping discharge variations can be well described by two main factors, i.e. the wave run-up and the crest freeboard of the structure. A new prediction method for wave overtopping discharge is proposed for random waves. The proposed prediction formulas are applied to case study of over forty cases and the results show that the prediction methods are good enough for practical design purposes.  相似文献   

16.
灾害性波浪是中国沿海地区最具破坏性的自然灾害之一。采用开源程序OpenFOAM中interFoam求解器,对低顶海堤(在风暴潮和海平面上升情况下所面临的不利工况)的孤立波越浪特性开展数值模拟研究。通过孤立波冲击海堤的基准算例,验证模型在模拟波浪爬升和越浪过程中大变形波面以及剧烈波浪力方面的精度。基于验证的数值模型,对孤立波在低顶海堤上的越浪特征以及防浪墙高度对越浪的影响开展参数化研究。结果表明堤顶超高减小导致更为剧烈的越浪。针对尚无低顶海堤孤立波越浪量经验公式的问题,提出新的适用于堤顶超高小或为0的孤立波越浪量经验公式。此外,研究发现增加防浪墙高度可有效减少越浪,但防浪墙所受的波浪力也增大。综合考虑防浪墙减少越浪以及自身所受波浪力,针对文中研究采用的海堤截面和波浪条件,建议无量纲防浪墙高度取为1.00。  相似文献   

17.
A numerical wave flume is used to investigate the discharge characteristics of combined overflow and wave overtopping of impermeable seawalls. The numerical procedure computes solutions to the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations and includes the generation of an irregular train of waves, the simulation of wave breaking and interaction with a sloping, impermeable wall. The numerical model is first tested against published experimental observations, approximate analytical solutions and empirical design formulae for the cases of pure overflow and pure overtopping. A sequence of numerical experiments simulating combined overflow and overtopping are described. The results are used to determine empirical discharge formulae of the form used in current practice.  相似文献   

18.
To study the influence of wave obliquity and directional spreading on wave overtopping of rubble mound breakwaters a total of 736 three-dimensional model tests were carried out at Aalborg University. The results of these tests are presented and analysed in this paper yielding a new empirical reduction factor to describe the influence of wave obliquity and directional spreading on the average wave overtopping discharges. The study shows that perpendicularly incident, long-crested waves result in conservative values of the overtopping discharge for the tested cross-section.  相似文献   

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