共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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研究了海水浓度对生物接触氧化法处理废水的影响。结果表明，在淡水中添加海水超过35％时，生物接触氧化法去除废水的化学耗氧量(COD)的效果随着海水浓度的增加而降低．添加海水10％～25％时，COD的去除效果好，25％时COD最高总去除率可达87．8％．处理效果几乎与纯淡水的对照组(COD总去除率88．6％)等同。 相似文献
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太阳能在处理水、大气及土壤中有机污染物方面的应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
太阳能除作为传统的热源外，还可用于驱动化学过程。本文主要介绍利用光催化氧化技术处理废水、大气及土壤中有机污染物方面的最新进展，正在进行的现场实验、有关的太阳能设施，目前存在的主要困难及未来的应用前景等。 相似文献
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以五水合四氯化锡为原料,采用化学沉淀法制备了纳米SnO2光催化剂,采用电子显微镜和X光衍射仪对粉体的粒径、物象和形貌等进行了表征,对比分析了自制纳米SnO2对于养殖废水中氨氮的光催化降解情况。研究结果表明催化剂投加量、废水中氨氮初始质量浓度、溶液pH值和H2O2质量浓度均是影响氨氮催化氧化去除效果的重要因素。通过正交实验确定了SnO2光催化剂氧化的优化反应条件:SnO2投加量为1.2 g/L,氨氮初始质量浓度为40 mg/L,pH值为8.0,H2O2质量浓度为1.0 g/L,催化时间为2 h时,去除率可达72%。 相似文献
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含高浓度有机物及重金属的废水处理方法研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用铁屑综合处理含高浓度有机物及重金属的废水。经处理后的废水，重金属和ＣＯＤ均达到国家排放标准，研究了铁屑用量，作用时间等的最佳值，并对作用机理作了解释。 相似文献
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本文将聚丙烯腈基碳纤维(PAN-CF)刷电极用于海水脱硫电化学辅助恢复系统,研究不同初始pH、不同刷电极组合方式、一次海水掺混量、停留时间和二次海水掺混量等参数,在电化学-化学复合氧化和单独化学曝气处理时对SO2-3氧化效率和排水pH值的影响。结果表明,PAN-CF刷电极对SO2-3具有显著的电催化活性,电化学氧化效率与初始pH(3~6)值无关,而化学氧化则在pH增加时氧化效率升高。在一次掺混比2∶1时,相比于单独化学氧化处理4 min的结果(SO2-3氧化效率仅为88%),采用电化学-化学复合氧化处理2min后SO2-3氧化效率已达91.2%,而后再化学曝气处理2min可使SO2-3氧化效率达到95%,海水的pH值提升到6.04。因此,复合氧化比单独化学曝气处理更易形成有利的二次掺混条件,使二次掺混比低至0.5∶1时,pH、溶解氧和SO2-3浓度就可达到排放标准。 相似文献
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采用铁屑处理人造首饰废水。经处理后的废水，各项指标均达到国家排放标准。研究了铁屑用量、作用时间等的最佳值。与硫酸亚铁法做了比较，其优点是用量少、成本低、处理效果好，并做到以废治废。 相似文献
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制备了活性半焦催化剂用于在低温下将NO氧化为NO2。通过水热活化、高温活化、酸活化、碱活化以及组合活化等多种活化方法对原半焦进行活化改性,以提高半焦的催化氧化性能。利用酸碱滴定、Boehm滴定、SEM、BET、FT-IR等方法对活性半焦的物化性质进行了表征。采用固定床反应器测定活性半焦催化氧化NO的能力,其反应条件为:温度70℃、空速600 h-1、O2和NO浓度分别为5%和443 mg/m3。将活性半焦催化氧化NO的催化性能与其物化性质进行了关联,结果表明:半焦上的羰基官能团和碱性官能团共同作用于NO的吸附氧化过程,NO在羰基上被吸附并氧化,碱性官能团则协助氧化产物NO2迁移出羰基活性位并将NO2储存在碱性官能团上,使羰基活性恢复。根据以上理论所制备的经过碱活化和高温活化的催化剂硝容最大,可达1.01%。 相似文献
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A detailed examination of a high-temperature catalytic oxidation method for liquid samples in the analysis of total nitrogen dissolved in seawater is reported. The nitrogenous compounds in liquid samples are oxidized on a platinum catalyzer at 680°C under oxygen atmosphere and the generated NO2 is absorbed into a chromogenic reagent, followed by a spectrophotometric determination. The results of this method are much higher than those of wet oxidation methods. Molecular size dependency of the results clearly indicates that the above discrepancy is caused by the low oxidation capacity of the wet oxidation method against high-polymer organic matter dissolved in seawater. The results revealed that the concentration of total nitrogen in seawater is nearly constant from surface to bottom, ranging from 30 to 40 μM 1?1, which organic nitrogen concentration higher in the surface layer, and a rapid decrease with depth. An examination of molecular size distribution indicates that the concentration of high-polymer organic nitrogen decreases rapidly from surface to deeper layers, with molecular sizes ranging from 5 × 103 to 3 × 104. Because of the well-defined principle of the oxidation process, its reliability, ease of sample handling and of analytical procedure on board or in the land laboratory, the present method is much more suitable for the marine analytical chemistry of total and organic nitrogen than the other previous methods. 相似文献
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Patrick Raimbault Wilfried Pouvesle Frdric Diaz Nicole Garcia Richard Sempr 《Marine Chemistry》1999,66(3-4)
We developed a simple and reliable method which allows simultaneous determination of organic forms of carbon (DOC), nitrogen (DON) and phosphorus (DOP) dissolved in seawater. Conversion of dissolved organic matter (DOM) to inorganic products (carbon dioxide, nitrate+nitrite and soluble reactive phosphate) is performed by a persulfate wet-oxidation in low alkaline condition. After oxidation, the concentration of the inorganic products dissolved in the sample was measured automatically by colorimetry using a 3-channel Technicon AutoAnalyzer system. A number of pure organic compounds were tested in the concentration range encountered in coastal and open ocean, indicating a high efficiency of the digestion procedure. The recovery range is similar to that obtained by other wet-oxidation procedures and by high-temperature catalytic oxidation techniques. Direct comparisons with usual methods used for separate determination of DOC, DON and DOP indicated a high efficiency of the procedure. Reproducibility tests demonstrated a very good precision (around 5%) for lagoonal and coastal waters, while precision was sometimes around 10–25% in oligotrophic oceanic waters, especially for DOP where values approached limits of detection for measuring phosphate. This method is highly suitable for routine analysis and especially appropriate for shipboard work. 相似文献
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Wijarn Simachaya 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2009,52(7):378-382
Wastewater is one of the most serious environmental problems in Thailand. The major source of water pollution in the country is domestic wastewater discharge. The need for the provision of wastewater collection and treatment facilities has long been identified by Central Government as a part of its efforts to protect the environment and well being of the population. Implementation of wastewater treatment projects over the past decades was driven by Central Government because of its technical knowhow and capacity to provide funding. However, when these facilities were handed over to local government authorities to operate and maintain, the concerned government agency had difficulty to manage the facilities in a sustainable manner due to inadequate planning, budgeting and ownership. They were unprepared technically as well as financially to deal with the duties imposed on them. Currently, the Thai Government is in the process of constructing 95% of wastewater treatment plants all over the country. The polluter pay principle (PPP) was introduced to justify the adoption of wastewater tariffs as an alternative source for funding the operation and maintenance of wastewater treatment facilities. The Government in the past adopted a passive role with regard to the introduction of wastewater tariffs. Since the enactment of National Environmental Quality Act, B.E. 2535 (1992), more administrative measures become available, including the implementation of tariff system for schemes funded under the Environment Fund. However there are still political and social obstacles in the introduction of effective, sustainable funding of wastewater facilities, including the perceived low willingness of beneficiaries to pay for wastewater services and the general unwillingness of the water supply sector to combine collection and billing of charges for water supply and the wastewater services. As this concept is new to the Thai Government, it is not yet widely applied. Currently there are only 3 out of 95 local government authorities utilizing the wastewater tariffs and a few more are working toward this end.This paper investigates the application of wastewater tariffs based on the pollution pay principle. 相似文献
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This paper reports a study of the field measurements and monitoring of wastewater discharge in sea water at Bari East (Italy). A wastewater sea outfall system is an integral and fundamental part of each wastewater treatment with ultimate sink in the sea water. The design of a water treatment plant and wastewater outfall must take into account the use of the environmental water, the values of physicochemical parameters to be respected in order to safeguard the use itself and the quality of the environmental water where wastewater is issued. In the present study measurements of sea current velocity components were carried out with a VM-ADP (Vessel-Mounted Acoustic Doppler Profiler). Salinity, wind directions and velocities were assessed with, for one survey, the total faecal coliforms and other biochemical parameters. It was emphasized that the measurements necessary for monitoring cannot be concentrated in the wastewater outfall pipe zone only, but should be extended to a neighbouring area of the outfall pipe, with an extension depending on the wastewater discharge, the polluting charge and the magnitude of the sea currents and the winds typical of the zone of interest. The analyses presented in this paper confirm that the sea zones close to the wastewater outfall pipe are particularly sensitive and vulnerable. Such results must be considered in the planning of a wastewater outfall pipe. 相似文献
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污水可生化性及其影响因素研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以自行设计的生化呼吸线测定装置研究了印染污水的可生化性,该装置通过反应体系的溶解氧浓度跟踪生物降解过程.采用本文设计的模拟污水处理装置探讨了污泥驯化时间、污水投加量等对污水可生化性的影响.测定了污水经可生化性调控后的处理效果.结果表明,生化呼吸线法判断污水处理体系的可生化性是1种可靠易行的方法,提高体系的可生化性是增加污水处理效果的关键因素. 相似文献
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人工湿地是一种新型污水处理技术,微生物作为人工湿地的主要分解者,在人工湿地去除水中污染物的过程中发挥着重要作用,因其高效污水净化能力目前已得到广泛关注。本文从人工湿地中的微生物多样性、微生物污水净化机理、研究方法及根际微生物的研究等方面介绍了微生物在人工湿地污水处理中的研究进展。指出根际微生物在人工湿地中的的分布和作用特点,以及开展研究的重要意义。 相似文献
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Absorption and fluorescence of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) measurements were performed during three oceanographic surveys in 1994 in the southern Baltic Sea (Polish area of the Baltic Proper). DOC was measured both by high-temperature catalytic oxidation (HTCO) and low-temperature oxidation (LTO) conventional persulphate methods. CDOM fluorescence was shown to be highly correlated with absorption, with the same regression parameters, despite the seasonal change in different hydrographic conditions and the fluorescence quantum yield variations (1.23 ± 0.07 in April and 0.97 ± 0.12 in September). The results show a good correlation between the optical parameters and DOC although ˜ 70% of the DOC does not display significant absorption in the UV-visible range (350–750 nm). The non-absorbing DOC measured with HTCO method appears unaffected by seasonal changes. Consequently, total DOC can be predicted by optical methods using remote sensing techniques. The non-absorbing DOC measured by LTO method varies from 62% (April) to 76% (September), which implies that there is requirement for estimates on a seasonal basis. 相似文献