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1.
由青岛沿岸潮间带表层沉积物分离出4株光合细菌,经鉴定属于荚膜红假单胞菌(Phodopseudomonascapsulata)(菌株HD3、RS、MD2)和球形红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonasspheroides)(菌株PS2-2)。光照厌氧培养生长实验表明HD3的最适盐度为S=15~25,PS2-2为一淡水菌株。菌株HD3的最适PH范围为6.35~8.3。HD3、RS均不能利用硫化物且其生长受较高浓度的硫化物抑制。  相似文献   

2.
红色无硫细菌处理高浓度鱼品废水的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文从城市生活污水的沉降污泥中分离出三株红色无硫细菌,经鉴定R1为胶质红假单胞菌(Rhodopscudomonas gelatinosa),R2为沼泽红假单胞菌(R palustris)、RS-1为红螺属(Rhodosprillum)的一种。R1与R2均为兼性需氧和兼性光能利用菌,RS-1为专性厌氧光合菌。作者提出了它们的主要生理、生化特性和最适生长条件,最后确定R1、R2是较有利用前途的优势种类。作者利用上述分离的菌株对高浓度的鱼品废水进行了净化处理试验,得出R1对CODcr的去除率约为65%,R2的去除率为74%以上。二者混合使用可提高至87%。作者还发现废水中的非光合性杂生菌有助于提高光合细菌的净化力。  相似文献   

3.
王芳  李筠  盛军  孙谧 《海洋科学》2010,34(7):1-7
RPD-1菌株分离自青岛栈桥近岸海水,根据其生理生化特征鉴定为紫色非硫菌科红假单胞菌属(Rhodopseudomonas)。菌株RPD-1适盐范围较广,在NaCl含量为0~8%的培养基中均可生长,在NaCl为3%的培养基中生长最快;在初始pH为6.0~9.0的培养基中均可生长,pH为7.5时生长最快;不同光源的光照条件下,生长速度不同,白炽灯光照下,生长速度快,日光灯照下,生长速度慢;RPD-1菌株蛋白质含量为58.5%,含各种必需氨基酸。菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)育苗实验结果表明,RPD-1菌株能提高菲律宾蛤仔幼虫的存活率和变态率;水体氨态氮测定结果表明,RPD-1菌株能显著降低养殖水体中的氨氮。  相似文献   

4.
选择一株能利用无机硫化物的球形红假单胞菌 (丙酸钠 -丙露醇 )与荚膜红假单胞菌 (甘露醇 -丙酸钠 )进行种间原生质体融合。探讨了溶菌酶浓度 ,PEG浓度等对原生质体形成、再生及融合的影响。在最佳条件下原生质体融合率为 3.0 2× 10 -5。用间接选择法 ,在高渗选择培养基上选出再生的融合子 ,经过在二种选择培养基上交替连续传代十次 ,获得既可利用丙酸钠为唯一碳源又可以甘露醇为唯一碳源而生长的遗传稳定的融合株。融合子菌株对硫化物的耐受能力超过两亲本菌株 ,在 Na2 S浓度为 0 .5~ 1.0 g/ L的培养基上生长良好 ,因此在水质净化中具有潜在的应用价值。  相似文献   

5.
用CMC平板筛选方法,从青岛近海海域海水中分离出一株产碱性纤维素酶的海洋菌株QM11,经16S rDNA鉴定,该菌株为Cytophaga fucicola.对该菌的生物学特性研究表明,其最适生长温度为27℃,生长温度范围为4~48℃,为耐冷菌;在pH7.0~8.0、含3.0%NaC1的培养基条件下,最适宜菌株生长和产酶;QM11所产碱性纤维素酶最适反应温度为40℃,最适反应pH为9.0,在碱性条件下具有较高的酶活性和较好的稳定性.Mn2+、Fe3+对酶反应具有促进作用,Cu2+、Pb2+对酶反应具有抑制作用.  相似文献   

6.
光合细菌对褶皱臂尾轮虫的饵料价值   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
我们自青岛栈桥浅海海泥中分离到一株光合细菌,经鉴定为球形红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas spheroides)。对其生化特性、生长条件以及做为褶皱臂尾轮虫(Brachionus plicatilis)的饵料价值,进行了研究。结果表明,以球形红假单胞菌的新鲜培养物,混以青岛大扁藻(Platymonas helgolandica var.tsingtaoensis)喂养轮虫,轮虫的增殖率明显高于单独使用光合细菌、扁藻和海洋酵母,也高于光合细菌与海洋酵母的混合。提示在轮虫的生产性培养中,以一定浓度的光合细菌与单胞藻混合投喂轮虫,可能取得较高产量。  相似文献   

7.
几种海洋溶藻菌溶藻效果研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
选择海南三亚红沙港易发赤潮--塔马亚历山大藻(Alexandriumtamarense)和中肋骨条藻(Skeletonemacostatum)做为实验藻类,从三亚红沙港海域筛选的海洋细菌中分离出一株溶藻细菌,编号为B7和已发现具有抑藻作用的:恶臭假单胞菌、铜绿假单胞菌、巨大芽孢杆菌作为实验材料与两种藻共同培养表现的牛态关系的差异性.结果表明:在实验室条件下,分别在藻细胞生长的延滞期和指数期加入细菌过滤液,发现4种海洋细菌的过滤液对两种藻生长有不同的抑制作用效果.同时文中对海洋细菌抑藻作用机理、赤潮的生物防治可能性进行了讨论.  相似文献   

8.
针对长江口10个站位样品,采用HM培养基和ZMCA培养基分离培养耐(嗜)盐菌,通过PCR方法获取156株细菌的16S rDNA序列。其中,由HM培养基分离获得136株菌株,可划分为33个分类单元(OUT),分属α-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria)、γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的芽孢杆菌纲(Bacilli)3个类群,其中γ-变形菌纲为优势耐(嗜)盐细菌;靠近海岸的站点M5-1,N6-2和M4-1耐(嗜)盐细菌均属于厚壁菌门,而远离海岸的站点耐(嗜)盐细菌均属于变形菌门。以ZMCA培养基分离获得的20株菌株分属α-变形菌纲和放线菌纲(Actinobacteria),可划分为10个OTU。由HM培养基分离获得的菌株中,70.5%属于耐盐菌,29.5%属于中度嗜盐菌;由ZMCA培养基分离获得的菌株均为耐盐菌。HM培养基分离得到的136株细菌的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐还原性分析表明,亚硝酸盐还原菌数量仅为硝酸盐还原菌的1/3左右。  相似文献   

9.
以植物病原真菌尖刀镰孢菌(Fusarium oxysporum)为指示菌,采用平板扩散法从实验室极地微生物资源库中筛选到12株具有明显抑菌作用的活性菌株。分子鉴定与系统发育分析表明,7株活性菌株属于假交替单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonas)、3株属于嗜冷杆菌(Psychrobacter)、1株属于假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)、1株属于伦黑墨氏菌(Rheinheimera)。抑菌谱测定结果表明,不同活性菌株的抑菌谱也有所不同,12株活性菌株对尖刀镰孢菌、辣椒疫霉(Phytophthora copsici)、大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae)、瓜亡革菌(Thanatephorus cucumeris)均有一定的抑制作用,而对葡枝根霉(Rhizopus stolonifer)均没有抑制作用;除菌株1-Z11,1-Z18,4-Z11,4-Z18,IS-010-07-1,P3-11-10-1,Z18-3外,其余5株菌株均对水稻纹枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani)有抑制作用。对一株具有较强抑菌活性的菌株Psychrobacter sp.P4-11-07-1生长条件的研究表明,当培养温度为5~30℃,培养基盐度为0~45,初始pH值为5.0~11.0时,菌株P4-11-07-1均可生长并产生抑菌活性物质,对应抑菌活性最高的培养条件分别是:培养温度为25℃,培养基盐度为0,初始pH为7.0。  相似文献   

10.
4种微生态制剂对对虾育苗水体主要水质指标的影响   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5       下载免费PDF全文
徐琴  李健  刘淇  王群 《海洋科学》2009,33(3):10-15
研究了由球形红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomlonas sphaeroides)、噬菌蛭弧菌(Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus)及黏红酵母(Rhodotorula glutinis)制成的4种微生态制剂对中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)育苗水质的影响.结果表明,试验组与对照组相比都能明显净化水质,试验组中以添加噬菌蛭弧菌和黏红酵母组的效果最差,添加球形红假单胞茵和噬茵蛭弧茵组的效果最好,此组水质的pH值稳定,NH4+-N明显下降,而亚硝酸盐、化学需氧量及硫化物等指标也优于其他试验组.统计分析显示,试验组与对照组相比,细菌数降低了3个数量级,添加嗜菌蛭弧菌试验组在减少异养茵(包含有害细菌)方面效果较好.同时用鳗弧菌攻毒,在5 d内,对照组的死亡率显著高于试验组(P<0.05),试验组免疫保护率为29.4%~58.5%,以添加嗜菌蛭弧菌和球形红假单胞菌组最高.建议联合使用噬菌蛭孤菌和球形红假单胞菌,混合密度初步定为2×105个/mL.  相似文献   

11.
INTRODUCTIONRecently ,moreandmoreattentionhasbeengiventotheexploitationandutilizationofmarinebioresourcebythestate .Ithasbeenwidelyrecognizedthatmarineorganismsduetotheiruniquesurvivalenvironmentcanproducenovelbioactiveproducts,whichhaven’tbeenfoundint…  相似文献   

12.
Microbes are believed to play important roles in ecosystem function in many environments. The hot springs of Xiamen Island are close to the Xiamen Sea, and may have some characteristics different from those of inland hot springs. Microbes living in the hot springs of Xiamen may have new characteristics. However, little is known about microbial communities of hot springs close to the Xiamen Sea. A cuhure-dependent survey of microbial population in the Xiamen hot springs was pcrformed by using an approach combining total cellular protein profile identification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A total of 328 isolates of bacteria were obtained from liquid and sediment samples from the Xiamen hot springs, including neutrophilie thermophilic bacteria and moderately thermophilic acidophiles. Neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria, which grow at a temperature range of 55-90℃ including Rhodothermus marinus (Strain 1) , Thermus thermophilus (Strain 2), Thermus thiopara (Strain 3) , Geobacillus stearothermophilus(Strain 4) , Geobacillus thermoleovorans (Strain 5) , and Pseudomonas pseudoal-caligenes (Strain 6), were recovered by 2216E plates. Moderately thermophilic acidophiles, which can grow at temperatures above 50℃ and a pH range of 1. 8-3.5 such as Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris (Strain 8) , Sul-fobacillus acidophilus (Strain 9), and Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans (Strain 10), were isolated on selective solid medium containing sulfur and Fe2+. Among these strains, Rhodothermus marinus, Thermus thermophilus and Geobacillus stearothermophilus are not only thermophilcs, but also halophiles. One bacterium strain (Strain 6) shared 99% nucleotide sequence homology with Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes on the 16S rRNA gene se-quence, but was quite different from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes in biological characteristics, suggesting that it may represent a novel thermophilic species. Results indicated that various species of neutrophilic thermophiles and moderately thermophilic acidophiles were widely distributed in the Xiamen hot springs and that Rhodother-mus marinus and Thermus thermophilus dominated the cultivable microbial community.  相似文献   

13.
Microbes are believed to play important roles in ecosystem function in many environments. The hot springs of Xiamen Island are close to the Xiamen Sea, and may have some characteristics different from those of inland hot springs. Microbes living in the hot springs of Xiamen may have new characteristics. However, little is known about microbial communities of hot springs close to the Xiamen Sea. A culturedependent survey of microbial population in the Xiamen hot springs was performed by using an approach combining total cellular protein profile identification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A total of 328 isolates of bacteria were obtained from liquid and sediment samples from the Xiamen hot springs, including neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria and moderately thermophilic acidophiles. Neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria, which grow at a temperature range of 55—90℃ including Rhodothermus marinus (Strain 1), Thermus thermophilus (Strain 2), Thermus thiopara (Strain 3), Geobacillus stearothermophilus (Strain 4), Geobacillus thermoleovorans (Strain 5), and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes (Strain 6), were recovered by 2216E plates. Moderately thermophilic acidophiles, which can grow at temperatures above 50℃ and a pH range of 1.8—3.5 such as Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris (Strain 8), Sulfobacillus acidophilus (Strain 9), and Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans (Strain 10), were isolated on selective solid medium containing sulfur and Fe2+. Among these strains, Rhodothermus marinus, Thermus thermophilus and Geobacillus stearothermophilus are not only thermophiles, but also halophiles. One bacterium strain (Strain 6) shared 99% nucleotide sequence homology with Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, but was quite different from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes in biological characteristics, suggesting that it may represent a novel thermophilic species. Results indicated that various species of neutrophilic thermophiles and moderately thermophilic acidophiles were widely distributed in the Xiamen hot springs and that Rhodothermus marinus and Thermus thermophilus dominated the cultivable microbial community.  相似文献   

14.
海洋微生物对甲胺磷农药的降解作用   总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20  
作者从沿岸海域分离了38株有机磷农药的耐药菌,用分批培养法进行富集培养,得到有机磷农药的降解菌,并着重研究了其中两株菌对甲胺磷农药的降解情况,其结果表明,在10d内,降解菌株1对甲胺磷的降解率为59.1%,降解菌株2的降解率为53.3%,在各自的安磷培养液中,降解菌株1的数量大于降解菌株2;在甲胺降解过程中,其毒性逐渐减弱,降解菌株1所引起的毒性下降幅度大于降解菌株2。  相似文献   

15.
为了实现所筛选的对虾养殖环境生物修复作用菌的产业化生产,本文选择三株具有高效降解有机污染物能力的菌株为代表,对作用菌的发酵生产和菌体收集工艺进行了优化。结果表明,作用菌的最适发酵培养基配方(g/L)为蛋白胨 25,酵母粉 5,磷酸铁 0.2,灭菌前培养基的 pH 可先调为 8.0,搅拌方式为搅拌1h 间隔 1h, 出罐时间以 20h 为宜。菌体收集以等电点沉降法效率最高、成本最低,其中菌株 Lt7222 的最适沉降 pH 为 3.67、Gy7018 为 4.02、Lt7511 为 3.40。菌体回收率可达 90 %,回收后菌体的存活能力几乎不受影响。  相似文献   

16.
采用形态观察、培养特征、生理生化鉴定以及16S rDNA序列分析方法,对从宁波海域滩涂泥样中筛选到的一株放线菌XS904进行分类鉴定,同时对XS904菌株发酵液的抑菌活性和抑菌物质的理化性质进行了研究。结果表明,XS904菌株为链霉菌属灰浅红链霉菌(Streptomyces griseorubens)的变种:经液体培养,XS904菌株发酵液对革兰氏阳性细菌有显著的抑菌活性,对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑制浓度为0.78%;pH纸色谱和捷克八溶剂系统纸层析结果显示发酵液中的抑菌活性物质为一类中等极性的碱性抗生素,易溶于三氯甲烷,对温度较敏感,在酸性和中性条件下稳定。  相似文献   

17.
几种中草药对光合细菌生长的促进作用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
提出在培养基中添加一定浓度的栝楼、木瓜、蒲公英和桔梗等中草药浸提液,可明显促进光合细菌的生长。其中,以栝楼的促生效果最好,浸提物浓度愈高,促生效果愈明显。所试浓度的栝楼、木瓜浸提液,没有发现对光合细菌生长有抑制作用。指出在生产性培养中,添加某些中草药促进光合细菌的生长是可行的。  相似文献   

18.
从辽河口湿地污染土壤样品中分离筛选出2株高效石油降解茵lhk-2和lhk-10,经鉴定lhk-2为巴氏萄萄球菌(Staphylococcus pasteuri),lhk-10为嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonasmaltophili).两株菌的石油降解能力研究结果表明,培养8d后,加菌组的石油烃降解率均在...  相似文献   

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