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1.
Data for this study were collected from 90 Fenneropenaeus chinensis at 3 months old in Xiaying village of Weifang City. The full length ( X1) , the body length ( X2) , the Carapace length ( X3) , Abdominal segment length (X4),ASL (X5), ASL (X6), ASL (X7) ,ASL (X8) , ASL (X9)and the body weight (Y) were measured. The correlation coefficient matrix was calculated. The preceding 14 morphometric characters were used as independent variables , and the body weight was used as a dependent variable for path analysis , path coefficients ( Pi) , determination coefficients ( di) and correlation index ( R2)were calculated. The results showed that all 14 correlation coefficients between 14 morphological characters and the weight achieved were very significant difference（P＜0.01）levels . Full length ( X1) and body length (X2)gave predominant direct effect (P1=0.283,P2=0.203) and determinacy on the live body weight , they are the key effective factors. It was clear from the result of high correlation index ( R2 = 0.978) that the path coefficient analysis could reveal the truthful relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The multiple regression equation obtained to estimate live body weight as Y = -9.603＋0.045X1+0.037X2＋0.081X3+0.130X7＋0.232X12,This paper provides theoretical evidence and perfect measure target for breeding of. Fenneropenaeus chinensis . 相似文献
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A 3×3 complete diallel cross comprising three families of the clam Meretrix meretrix(P1, P2 and P3) was used to determine the combining ability of parental families and heterosis of F1 under indoor and openair environments for growth traits. Analysis of variance for shell length and whole body weight indicated highly significant cross effects, environment effects and the interaction of cross by environment. General combining ability(GCA) and specific combing ability exhibited great variation among crosses and between two environments. Pooled over environments, P2 was the top combiner among the three parental families for both traits studied. The cross of P1 and P3 had the highest SCA. Additionally, significant reciprocal effects were observed. For individual environment, about half of the crossbred combinations showed favorable Mid-parent heterosis(MPH)(1%) for the shell length and whole body weight. Our data has shown that non-additive genetic and reciprocal effects constituted the major sources of genetic variation for both shell length and whole body weight, which indicates that crossbreeding among selective families could further explore the heterotic effects. 相似文献
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利用限制性最大似然方法和贝叶斯方法估计大菱鲆生长性状的遗传参数。 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Bayesian and restricted maximum likelihood(REML) approaches were used to estimate the genetic parameters in a cultured turbot Scophthalmus maximus stock. The data set consisted of harvest body weight from 2 462progenies(17 months old) from 28 families that were produced through artificial insemination using 39 parent fish. An animal model was applied to partition each weight value into a fixed effect, an additive genetic effect, and a residual effect. The average body weight of each family, which was measured at 110 days post-hatching, was considered as a covariate. For Bayesian analysis, heritability and breeding values were estimated using both the posterior mean and mode from the joint posterior conditional distribution. The results revealed that for additive genetic variance, the posterior mean estimate( δ_a~2=9 320) was highest but with the smallest residual variance,REML estimates( δ_a~2=8 088) came second and the posterior mode estimate( δ_a~2=7 849) was lowest. The corresponding three heritability estimates followed the same trend as additive genetic variance and they were all high. The Pearson correlations between each pair of the three estimates of breeding values were all high,particularly that between the posterior mean and REML estimates(0.996 9). These results reveal that the differences between Bayesian and REML methods in terms of estimation of heritability and breeding values were small. This study provides another feasible method of genetic parameter estimation in selective breeding programs of turbot. 相似文献
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In this paper,the dynamic response of undersea -+towed systems is numerically simulated.Atwo body towed system is especially considered in detail.The factors influencing the heave oftowed-bodies,such as the weight of the towed-body(in sea water),the length and the weight(in sea water)per unit length of the cable between towed-bodies and towing ship,are investigated in detail.Calculationsshow that the two-body towed system can greatly increases the stability of the towed system. 相似文献
5.
The inability of Fenneropenaeus chinensis to tolerate low temperatures is of major economic concern in temperate climates,as it reduces their growing season and leads to over-winter mortality.In this study,the heritability of body weight under low grow-out temperature and cold tolerance in F.chinensis were first investigated and estimated using 88 ful-sib families,which might provide crucial information in Chinese fleshy prawn breeding programs.The heritability for body weight under suitable and low temperature of F.chinensis were both moderate(0.158 0±0.307 5 and 0.132 0±0.026 9 respectively);the large coefficient of variation(approximately 21%) and moderate estimate of heritability for body weight indicated substantial potential for selective breeding.The heritability estimate for cold tolerance was low(0.019 2±0.023 5),and showed no significant differences from zero(P0.05).A weak genetic correlation between cold tolerance and body weight was also estimated in the present study,also showing no significant differences from zero(P0.05).Thus,more research needs to be conducted on the more accurate heritability estimate of cold tolerance and genetic correlations between traits in F.chinensis to further improve the achievement of breeding goals. 相似文献
6.
The objectives of this present research were to assess the heritability of growth traits under low temperature conditions in turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.), and to analyze the correlation between body weight(BW) and body length(BL). There were 536 individuals from 25 full- and half-sib families involved in this study. During the entire 90-day period, which was initiated at 233 dph(day old) and ended at 323 dph, the individuals' BW and BL were weighed consecutively six times every 18 days. The heritability of BW and BL and the correlation between these two traits were estimated based on an individual animal model with the derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood(DFREML) method. These results showed that the specific growth rates(SGR) of 25 families was from 0.75±0.11 to 1.05±0.14 under water temperature of 10.5–12°C. In addition, the heritability of BW and BL estimated under low-temperature were 0.32±0.04 and 0.47±0.06, respectively. The BW had a medium heritability(0.2–0.4), and the BL had a high heritability(0.45), which suggested that selection for increased weight and length was feasible. Moreover, there was potential for mass selection on growth. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between BW and BL were 0.95±0.01 and 0.91±0.01(P 0.01), respectively. A significant correlation between BW and BL showed that BL could be instead of BW for indirect selection, which could be effectively implemented in the breeding program. 相似文献
7.
The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters of body width(BW)to body length(BL)ratio(BW/BL)and of body weight traits(BWT)in turbot,and to elucidate the genetic mechanism of the two traits during ontogeny by dynamic genetic analysis.From 3 to 27 months,BW,BL and BWT of each communally stocked fish were measured every 3 months.The BW/BL ratio was measured at different sampling ages.A twotrait animal model was used for genetic evaluation of traits.The results showed that the heritability values of BW/BL ratio ranged from 0.2168 to 0.3148,corresponding to moderate heritability.The BWT heritability values ranged from 0.2702 to 0.3479 corresponding to moderate heritability.The heritability of BW/BL ratio was lower than that of BWT,except at 3 months of age.Genetic correlation between BW/BL ratio and BWT decreased throughout the measurement period.Genetic correlations were higher than the phenotypic correlations.The current results for estimating genetic parameters demonstrate that the BW/BL ratio could be used as a phenotypic marker of fast-growing turbot,and the BW/BL ratio and BWT could be improved simultaneously through selective breeding. 相似文献
8.
Standard metabolic rates of Schlegels black rockfish with different body weights are determined in laboratory by using the flow-through respirometer at 11.2℃, 14.7℃, 18.0℃ and 23.6℃. The results indicate that the standard metabolic rates increase with the increase of body weight at different temperatures. Relationship between them could be described as Rs=α lnW^b. The mean of standard metabolic rate is significantly different among groups, but the b values are not. The standard metabolic rates of amended standard body weights decrease with the increase of temperature, and the mean of standard metabolic rate is also significantly different among groups when the standard body weights are 48.6g, 147.9g, and 243.1g.Relationship between them could be described as Rsw = m e^-hT. The relations of standard metabolic rate (Rs) or relative metabolic rate (Rs) to body weight and temperature yield the following equations:Rs=1.160W^0.752-e^-9.494/7 and Rs‘=1.160W^0.254 e^-9.494/7. 相似文献
9.
Temim Deli Mohamed Hbib Ben Atti Rym Zitari-Chatti Khaled Sai Noureddine Chatti 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(12):52-66
The present investigation focuses on population structure analysis of the purple sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus across the African Mediterranean coast, with the main aim of assessing the influence of the Siculo-Tunisian Strait on gene flow disruption in this highly dispersive echinoid species. For this purpose, patterns of morphological and genetic variation were assessed among its populations from the western and eastern Mediterranean coasts. A total of 302 specimens from seven Tunisian sites were collected and examined for morphometric variability at twelve morphometric traits. Concordant results, inferred from CDA (canonical discriminant analyses), pairwise NPMANOVA (non parametric multivariate analysis of variance) comparisons and MDS (multidimensional scaling) plot, unveiled significant inter-population differences in the measured traits among the studied populations. Furthermore, the combined use of the one way ANOSIM (analysis of similarities) and the Discriminant/Hotelling analysis allowed unravelling two morphologically differentiated groups assigned to both western and eastern Mediterranean basins. The SIMPER (similarity percentages) routine analysis showed that total dry weight, test diameter and spine length were major contributors to the morphometric separation between locations and between groups. Pattern of phenotypic divergence discerned in P. lividus across the Siculo-Tunisian Strait is interestingly in congruence with that inferred from the genetic investigation of the purple sea urchin populations from the same region based on the analysis of the mtDNA COI (cytochrome oxidase I) gene in 314 specimens from nineteen locations covering a wider geographic transect, streching westward to the Algerian coast and eastward to the Libyan littoral. The specific haplotypic composition characterizing each Mediterranean basin, as inferred from the minimum spanning network, confirmed the geographic partioning of genetic variation, as revealed by F-statistics and AMOVA (analysis of molecular variance) analyses, yielding significant genetic differentiation between eastern and western Mediterranean populations. The newly detected phylogeographic patterns, observed for the first time in P. lividus throughout the explored distribution range, suggest the involvement of different biotic and abiotic processes in shaping such variation, and provide evidence that a large and geographically exhaustive dataset is necessary to unveil phylogeographic structure within widespread marine species, previously cathegorized as panmictic in part of their distribution range. 相似文献
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采用多元回归和通径分析的方法,研究了砂海螂(Mya arenaria)形态性状对重量性状的影响,建立了利用形态性状估计重量性状的回归方程,以评估砂海螂育种的选择指标。结果表明,各形态性状与体重、软体部重之间的相关系数均达到极显著水平(P<0.01);壳长对体重和软体部重的直接效应均为最大,其通径系数分别为0.4338和0.3265,是影响体重和软体部重的主要因素。壳宽对体重和软体部重的直接影响效应次之,但壳高对重量性状的影响主要是间接效应。决定系数分析的结果与通径分析结果具有一致的变化趋势。上述结果为砂海螂选择育种提供了依据,以壳长作为首选指标,能有效地增加体重和软体部重。 相似文献
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养殖条件下不同年龄背瘤丽蚌(Lamprotula leai)数量性状的相关与通径分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随机选取养殖2龄、3龄和4龄的背瘤丽蚌(Lamprotula leai)各30个,分别测定壳长、壳高、壳宽、壳厚、活体重和壳重等数量性状参数并计算了各性状间的相关系数。应用Duncan法多重比较分析了不同年龄个体的形态差异,以壳重为因变量,其它数量性状为自变量进行多元回归和通径分析,计算了对应的通径系数和决定系数,并建立了最优回归方程。结果表明:2龄蚌和3龄、4龄蚌之间在形态上具有显著差异;不同年龄背瘤丽蚌各数量性状(2龄蚌壳厚除外)与壳重均极显著相关(P0.01);通过对各年龄段各种性状对壳重的通径分析和决定系数分析,发现活体重对壳重的通径系数分别为0.900、0.902和0.923,决定系数分别达到0.81000、0.81360和0.85193,是影响壳重最主要的性状。采用逐步回归法,剔除偏回归系数不显著的性状,建立了数量性状对壳重的最优回归方程。基于对壳重决定效应的大小,活体重可作为背瘤丽蚌良种选育的目标性状。 相似文献
13.
随机选取1176尾浅色黄姑鱼其中有600尾雌性和576尾雄性研究其形态性状对其体重的影响,测定性状包括其体长(X1)、躯干长(X2)、尾长(X3)、头长(X4)、体高(X5)、最大体周(X6)、体重(Y)。利用相关分析方法计算各性状间的相关系数,并通过通径分析方法计算其以体重为依变量各形态性状为自变量的通经系数和决定系数。结果表明:雌雄性浅色黄姑鱼各形态性状与体重之间相关性均达到极显著水平(P<0.01);雌性浅色黄姑鱼中各形态性状中体长、最大体周、体高、尾长、躯干长的通径系数达到极显著水平(P<0.01),而雄性浅色黄姑鱼各形态性状中体长、最大体周、头长、尾长、躯干长的通径系数达到极显著水平(P<0.01);决定系数分析结果表明雌性浅色黄姑鱼的体长和最大体周对其体重的决定程度最大;而雄性浅色黄姑鱼最大体周和躯干长对其体重的决定程度最大。经多元回归分析去除偏回归系数不显著的性状,建立多元回归方程。 相似文献
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不同贝龄毛蚶壳形态性状对体质量的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
选取毛蚶(Scapharca subcrenata Lischke)1龄、2龄和3龄个体各100粒,分别测量壳长、壳高和壳宽等壳形态性状,并称其体质量,采用多元分析的方法分析了各表型性状间的相关性,以及壳形态性状对体质量的影响效果。结果表明,各性状间呈正相关,且达到极显著水平(P0.001);通径分析与决定程度分析的结果相似,不同贝龄期影响毛蚶体质量的主要因素是不同的,壳长是影响1龄毛蚶体质量的主要因素,壳长和壳宽是影响2龄毛蚶体质量的主要因素,且两者的共同决定系数最大(0.244),壳宽是影响3龄毛蚶体质量的主要因素,其与壳高的共同决定系数最大(0.230)。 相似文献
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采用相关分析和通径分析的方法,研究了扁玉螺的表型形态性状对体重和软体部重的影响。随机抽取2龄扁玉螺100只,分别测定其壳宽、壳高、壳顶至胼胝高、体高、厣长、厣宽、体重、软体部重共8项性状参数,并分别计算了各性状间的相关系数,以及以表型性状为自变量对体重和软体部重作因变量的通径系数和决定系数。结果表明,各表型性状与体重、软体部重之间的相关系数均达到极显著水平(P0.01)。壳宽对体重和软体部重的直接效应均为最大,对二者的决定程度也最高,是影响体重和软体部重的最主要因素;而厣宽、壳顶至胼胝高和体高的直接作用较小,它们主要通过壳宽的间接作用影响体重和软体部重。因此,对壳宽的直接选择可有效地增加体重和软体部重,对壳顶至胼胝高、厣宽和体高的选择也有助于增加扁玉螺的重量。 相似文献
17.
马氏珠母贝生长性状的相关分析 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
对马氏珠母贝(Pinctadamartensi)不同生长时期的壳长、壳高、壳宽和活体质量进行了一年多的跟踪测量。分析表明,在不同生长时期,其4个性状的两两间的相关系数均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),但其相关系数大小排列顺序存在差异,8次测量的平均相关系数大小依次为壳高-壳长>壳宽-体质量>壳高-体质量>壳长-体质量>壳长-壳宽>壳高-壳宽。在不同生长时期,活体质量对壳高、壳宽的偏回归系数均极显著(P<0.01),而对壳长的偏回归系数在第1,3,7,15个月时不显著(P>0.05)。该研究的结果可为珍珠贝的选育种的重要目标性状的确定提供理论指导。 相似文献
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不同养殖海域栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)混合家系的通径分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了深入认识栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)壳尺寸性状和体重之间的关系,达到通过直观可见形状判断非直观性状,在栉孔扇贝苗种培育中指导种贝挑选工作的目的,本实验将600余只扇贝分别于三个不同纬度养殖环境(山东青岛、山东荣成和辽宁大连)下养殖一年后测量其性状数据,包括壳长、壳高、壳宽、体重,进行壳尺寸性状对体重性状的通径分析。偏回归系数统计表明,除大连海域壳长对体重的偏回归系数为0.266,差异不显著(P0.05)外,其它参数对体重均极显著(P0.01),表明大多数自变量和因变量之间都有极显著的共线性关系。对各个海域建立以壳尺寸为自变量,体重为因变量的回归方程,得出通径系数、各性状间的相关性指数以及各参数对体重的决定系数,计算出了不同养殖地点的栉孔扇贝壳尺寸性状和体重之间关系的回归方程。通径分析显示,对青岛海域栉孔扇贝体重直接作用最大的是壳高,对荣成海域栉孔扇贝体重直接作用最大的是壳长,而对大连海域栉孔扇贝体重直接作用最大的是壳宽。因此,以体重为目标挑选青岛海域的种贝时,应以壳高为优先选择指标;挑选荣成海域的种贝时,优先选择壳长;挑选大连海域的种贝时,优先选择壳宽。不同养殖海域栉孔扇贝的通径分析为栉孔扇贝亲贝的挑选提供了理论支持。 相似文献
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对两个通过遗传图谱构建定位的马氏珠母贝(Pinctada ucata)生长性状相关的QTL在两个不同群体中进行验证分析。结果显示:QTL471489在深圳群体中与壳高、壳宽显著相关(P0.05),其CT基因型个体的壳高、壳宽和体质量显著大于CC基因型,CT为优势基因型;而在杂交群体中该QTL与生长性状关联不显著(P0.05),但CT基因型的生长性状值仍最大。QTL410206在深圳群体中与生长性状关联不显著(P0.05),而在杂交群体中该QTL与壳高、壳长、壳宽和体质量显著相关(P0.05),AA为优势基因型。基于这两个QTL在这2个群体中分别构建二倍型,发现在深圳群体中C1(CTAT)型和杂交群体中D1(CTAA)、D2(TTAA)、D3(CCAT)、D4(TTAT)、D5(CTAA)型对马氏珠母贝的生长最为有利,可作为优选的基因型组合。 相似文献
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随机抽取中国及日本海域的1龄青蛤(Cyclina shiensis)245个,分别测量其壳高、壳长、壳宽、韧带长、壳重及软体部重等形态学和生产性状,采用相关分析、通径分析、决定系数分析和多元回归分析方法,讨论了贝壳各形态性状对软体部重的影响.结果表明,青蛤的壳高对软体部重相关系数r1y和直接影响通径系数Pi分别达到了0.953和0.938,统计检验均达到了极显著水平(P<0.01).此外,壳高对软体部重的决定系数R12为0.9080,多元回归分析亦显示出青蛤的壳高与软体部重具有显著的相关性(P<0.01).实验结论认为,壳高对青蛤的生产性状影响最大,可以作为青蛤种质选育的重要甄别性状. 相似文献