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1.
山东半岛镆铘岛潮间带大型底栖动物群落特征 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
于2007年1月至2007年10月间冬、春、夏、秋4个季度月,对位于山东荣成的镆铘岛潮间带的高潮带、中潮带和低潮带进行大型底栖动物生态调查,根据所获得的样品,对该潮间带不同潮区大型底栖动物的种类组成、平均密度、平均生物量及物种多样性进行了分析.本次调查共采到大型底栖动物92种,其中多毛类环节动物11科22种,软体动物17科28种,甲壳动物18科33种,棘皮动物2科2种,扁形动物1种,腔肠动物2种,鱼类3种;平均栖息密度为329.67个/m2,软体动物贡献最大,其次为甲壳动物;平均生物量为81.74 g/m2,软体动物贡献最大,其次为多毛类环节动物.镆铘岛潮间带多样性指数H'垂直变化规律为高潮带>中潮带>低潮带,季节变化规律为秋季>春季>冬季>夏季. 相似文献
2.
雷州半岛红树林海区底栖动物多样性的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
2002年7~9月,对雷州半岛7个主要红树林区生物多样性进行了调查,采集到底栖动物共188种,其中软体动物有110种,节肢动物门48种,鱼类18种,星虫门3种,多毛类8种,腕足动物门1种。高潮区以甲壳类为优势种,中低潮区以软体动物为优势种类。总平均生物量和总平均栖息息密度分别为106.8 g/m2和320个/m2;底栖动物的种类、生物量和栖息密度与底质和潮位线有密切的关系,与平均盐度呈正相关。并提出一批经济价值高和可开发利用的种类。 相似文献
3.
利用2003年8月至2004年5月(夏、秋、冬、春季)4个季度月在胶州湾辛岛潮间带的3个不同潮区的调查资料进行分析。结果共获得大型底栖动物43种,其中低潮区出现27种,中潮区和高潮区20种和19种,有6种属于3个潮区共有种。大型底栖动物总平均栖息密度为102.5个/m2,5月最高,为144.67个/m2,2月最低,为52.66个/m2;总平均生物量为60.01g/m2,11月最高,为102.99g/m2,2月最低,仅为11.87g/m2。本区大型底栖动物的栖息密度和生物量有明显的季节变化。 相似文献
4.
厦门海域文昌鱼及其他大型底栖动物资源现状研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据 2014年 8月在厦门黄厝和十八线潮下带海区,以及 2014年 1月-6月在厦门玩月坡潮间带获得的文昌鱼及其
他大型底栖动物数据,对厦门海域文昌鱼及其他大型底栖动物资源现状进行了分析。黄厝潮下带大型底栖动物物种数、栖息
密度和生物量分别为 25种、80. 7 i nd/ m 2 和 13. 46 g/ m 2 ,十八线潮下带大型底栖动物物种数、栖息密度和生物量分别为 25种、
76. 2 i nd/ m 2 和 6. 53 g/ m 2 。黄厝潮下带大型底栖动物丰度指数 （ d ） 平均值略低于十八线潮下带,而均匀度指数 （J ） 和物种
多样性指数 （ H' ） 平均值略高于十八线潮下带。黄厝潮下带、十八线潮下带的文昌鱼栖息密度分别为 51. 1i nd/ m 2 和 39. 8 i nd/ m 2
文昌鱼生物量分别为 4. 63 g/ m 2 和 3. 68 g/ m 2 。单因素方差分析表明,除了黄厝海区和十八线海区之间的文昌鱼体长呈显著差
异,其余文昌鱼种群参数和大型底栖动物群落参数均无显著差异。文昌鱼栖息密度和生物量与底质粒径分选系数呈显著负相
关。玩月坡潮间带低潮区文昌鱼及其他大型底栖动物资源贫乏。厦门海域文昌鱼的资源量与文昌鱼放流、海岸工程和采砂作
业有关。 相似文献
5.
胶州湾红石崖潮间带大型底栖动物群落生态学研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
根据2003年8月至2004年5月(夏、秋、冬、春季)4个季度月,对位于胶州湾内红石崖潮间带的高潮带(H1站)、中潮带(H2站)、和低潮带(H3站)所设的3个站进行了综合生态调查并分析所获的资料。结果表明,红石崖潮间带大型底栖动物的总平均栖息密度、总平均生物量和总种数分别为718.67个/m2、123.21g/m2和62种。平均密度、平均生物量和种数在高潮带分别是1765.5个/m2、342.53g/m2和12种;中潮带分别是248个/m2、11.31g/m2和35种;低潮带分别是142.5个/m2、15.74g/m2和44种。3个潮带的平均密度(D):大小顺序为DH1>DH2>DH3,平均生物量(B):BH1>BH3>BH2;种数(S):SH3>SH2>SH1。定性采集在3个潮区共采到大型底栖动物44种,其中有27种在定量采集中没采到,3个潮带共采到大型底栖动物89种。 相似文献
6.
玉环坎门排污口邻近岩相潮间带生物分布特征 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
2002年8月对玉环坎门污水处理厂排污口邻近岩相潮间带生物进行定性和定量样品采样,共鉴定出生物57种,其中大型藻类8种、多毛类动物2种、软体动物28种、甲壳类动物13种、棘皮动物1种和其它类动物5种。该排污口邻近两侧岩相潮间带平均生物量为1544.72g/m2,平均栖息密度为3948个/m2。位于排污口左侧的I断面生物量和栖息密度(2406.19g/m2和7415个/m2)明显高于II断面(683.27g/m2和484个/m2),I断面的生物多样性指数(0.91)和均匀度指数(0.39)小于II断面(1.80和0.68);两条断面生物量垂直分布均为中潮区>低潮区>高潮区,I断面栖息密度分布为中潮区>低潮区>高潮区,II断面栖息密度分布为中潮区>高潮区>低潮区。对排污口邻近岩相潮间带生物生态分析表明,该潮间带生物数量的水平分布受海岸开敞度的影响,而垂直分布则与潮区的不同和浪击度的强弱有关。 相似文献
7.
海州湾潮间带大型底栖动物的分布特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
于2002年6月对海州湾3种底质的潮间带底栖动物进行了采样分析.结果显示,该区被鉴定出的大型底栖动物共有98种,其中多毛类为13种、软体动物为53种、甲壳类为25种、棘皮动物为2种、其它类动物为5种,软体动物和甲壳类的种类可占80%;该区潮间带大型底栖动物的平均生物量和平均栖息密度分别为257.30 g/m2和953个/m2,软体动物生物量(201.19 g/m2)和栖息密度(727 个/m2)分别占总数的78%和76%.经底栖动物种类相似性聚类分析和多维尺度排序,可将该区潮间带大型底栖动物划分为岩礁、沙滩和泥沙滩3个群落.通过对3个底栖动物群落的生态特征及相关环境因子分析得出:对于种类,泥沙滩群落 > 岩礁群落 > 沙滩群落;对于生物量、息栖密度、多样性指数和均匀度指数,岩礁群落 > 泥沙滩群落 > 沙滩群落;泥沙滩群落中的TE断面优势种分布显著而使多样性指数和均匀度指数明显低于其它两条泥沙滩断面.沙滩群落和岩礁群落的底栖动物分布分别与海水浴场和货运码头较多的人为活动影响有关,而泥沙滩群落的分布差异主要与海岸开敞度、海流潮汐作用、滩涂贝类养殖及优势种分布影响有关.泥沙滩是该区经济贝类的重要养殖场所,为使养殖种类健康生长,建议对沿岸排污口水质及养殖区沉积物环境质量进行定期监测. 相似文献
8.
深沪湾沙滩潮间带大型底栖动物群落及其次级生产力 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
2006年冬、春2个季度在深沪湾沙滩潮间带获得的大型底栖动物栖息密度和生物量表明,深沪湾沙滩潮间带生物群落生态特点是种类少、数量高,群落结构简单.运用Brey(1990) 的经验公式进行了大型底栖动物次级生产力和P/B值的计算,得出冬、春两季深沪湾沙滩潮间带大型底栖动物平均次级生产力和P/B值分别为48.79[g(AFDW)/(m2·a)]和1.30.深沪湾沙滩潮间带大型底栖动物平均栖息密度、平均生物量和平均次级生产力三者的变化是一致的,均是低潮区＞中潮区＞高潮区.这种分布格局与沉积环境及潮汐有关. 相似文献
9.
于2009年8月21-22日期间同步调查庙子湖岛和黄兴岛两个岩礁潮间带断面的大型底栖动物种类组成,并分析其群落格局。结果表明,庙子湖岛采集的样品中共有4门28种大型底栖动物,黄兴岛的则有5门37种大型底栖动物;两断面底栖动物群落以广温广布种和亚热带种为主,软体动物作为绝对优势类群主导其分布特征;总平均栖息密度、总平均生物量表现为庙子湖岛＞黄兴岛,种类数及生物量分布均表现为中潮带＞低潮带＞高潮带,栖息密度分布则表现为中潮带＞高潮带＞低潮带;物种多样性指数和物种丰富度指数均为黄兴岛＞庙子湖岛,两断面高潮带的群落生态指数相对中、低潮带较低;大型底栖动物ABC曲线分析表明,庙子湖岛底栖动物群落未受到污染或扰动,黄兴岛底栖动物群落则受到了中等程度的污染或扰动。 相似文献
10.
文章根据2020年7月的调查数据，研究山口红树林保护区潮间带大型底栖动物群落的分布特征和物种多样性。结果表明：本次调查共记录潮间带大型底栖动物7门9纲52种，以节肢动物和软体动物为主，优势种包括隆背张口蟹（Chasmagnathus convexus）、扁平拟闭口蟹（Paracleistostoma depressum）、红树蚬（Gelonia coaxans）等10种；大型底栖动物群落的平均生物量和平均密度分别为81.17 g/m2和54 ind/m2，其中节肢动物占比分别为43.70%和80.09%，节肢动物对群落密度作出的贡献最大；大型底栖动物群落的多样性指数为0.86～2.52，系统聚类和多维尺度分析可将群落划分为3个类型；与我国其他红树林区相比，山口红树林保护区潮间带大型底栖动物群落的物种多样性水平较低。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
15.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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18.
Rahul Sharma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):237-250
Observations on seafloor features from subbottom profiling and seabed photography data show that the undisturbed and natural conditions before the benthic disturbance undergo a substantial change after operation of the disturber. The effects can be seen in the form of deep trenches and grooves, formed by the action of the sleds and the pumping of the sediment along its path, as well as sediment piles on either side of the track. Biological traces such as fecal coils, casts, tubes, burrows, and trails get obliterated in the areas of disturbance and resedimentation. The smooth, uniform nature of the seafloor observed in predisturbance phase shows microtopographic changes in and around the disturbed area as a result of sediment excavation and resettlement. Vertical mixing as well as lateral transport of sediment alter the geological, biological, physical, and chemical conditions on the seafloor, which need to be monitored over time to assess the process and the time taken for restoration of environmental conditions. 相似文献
19.
Vance P. Vicente 《Marine Ecology》1989,10(2):179-191
Abstract. Long-term changes in the distributional patterns of commercial sponges ( Spongia spp. and Hippospongia spp.) within the West Indian Region indicates that: 1) commercial sponges had a widespread distribution throughout the whole West Indian Region and were ubiquitous in very shallow water until about the first half of the present century; 2) they were fished commercially not only in the traditional northern Caribbean sites (Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas) but also in the Greater ( e. g. , Hispaniola, Jamaica) and Lesser Antilles; and 3) they became extinct throughout most of the Lesser Antilles ( e. g. , Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas) sometime during the first half of this century. Mortalities of spongiids within the Antilles were found to differ from other marine mortalities in that: 1) species disappeared from a large region; 2) species vanished from different habitats and depths; and 3) natural populations never recovered. Species richness patterns suggest that commercial sponge genera ( Spongia and Hippospongia ) evolved under slightly cooler elimatic conditions than those found at present, and that these extinctions occurred as a direct or indirect effect of positive thermal anomalies in sea surface and atmospheric temperatures between 1900–1950. The concept that species diversity is stable on a regional scale is questioned. 相似文献
20.
The behaviour of an axially pre-loaded cylindrical member of an offshore structure, hit by a supply ship, has been investigated. The effects of axial pre-loading on the dynamic properties of members, the extent of damage and propagation of dynamic instability in the tubular members have also been investigated. Numerical models have been validated using available experimental data from the literature although these are mostly static with no pre-loading. Axial pre-loading was found to change the dynamic characteristics of some cylindrical members quite dramatically while it had no significant effect on others. The study examined whether there was any change in the behaviour between local and global modes when the loading was dynamic rather than static. The effect of damping on the dynamic instability of axially pre-loaded tubes under lateral dynamic loads was also studied. It was observed that for some geometries the quasi-static response can be used to define the boundary between bounded and unbounded dynamic responses. The main contribution of this study, compared with previous investigations reported in the literature, is that both pre-loading and dynamic effects have been included. 相似文献