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1.
东海西湖凹陷反转构造定量研究:来自裂变径迹分析数据的约束 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对来自东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷反转构造带上的 5口钻井 (XL1,XL2 ,XH,XY,XT)的 17个样品 (11个磷灰石、6个锆石样品 )进行了系统的裂变径迹年龄测定。样品的地层年代介于渐新世和上新世之间。锆石裂变径迹年龄表明 ,各样品所经历的最大埋藏温度小于 (2 2 5± 2 5 )℃。磷灰石裂变径迹的年龄则比锆石的要复杂。南侧 XT和XY两口井的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄大于相应的地层年龄 ,而北侧的 3口井的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄则小于相应的地层年龄。磷灰石年龄的分布表明西湖凹陷南部第三系地层所经历的最大沉积埋深小于北部 ,反转程度南弱北强。对于裂变径迹年龄小于地层年龄的样品 ,对地层剥蚀量进行了初步的估算 相似文献
2.
地形地貌发育时间与古地形反演 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地形地貌是构造过程与地表过程等相互竞争的结果,古地形重建与地貌演化研究将有助于理解这些过程及其相互作用关系。传统的地形地貌演化研究多基于14 C、释光、磁性地层等定年手段,定性或半定量地分析构造活动与地表侵蚀对地形地貌发育的影响。随着相关技术手段的发展,低温热年代学方法已不仅仅局限于构造地质学领域的造山带构造-热演化历史研究,目前已用于重建地形地貌演化历史。基于这一背景,在概述低温热年代学基本原理的基础上,结合自己的研究,主要介绍了该方法在地形地貌发育时间、古地形反演等方面的研究进展以及研究中需要注意的一些问题。文章最后指出,寻求具有更低封闭温度的低温热年代学测年体系是这方面研究的努力方向。 相似文献
3.
对苏皖下扬子区上白垩统浦口组（K2P）的三个砂岩样品进行了磷灰石裂变径迹（AFT）研究。结果显示：2个样品的AFT合并年龄为（88．8±4．4）Ma（径迹长度为（12．0±0．3）μm）和（82．1±6．8）Ma（径迹长度为（14．4±0．3）μm）与浦口组沉积年龄相近，说明它们沉降的幅度达到但没有超过AFT部分退火区间，1个样品的AFT合并年龄（117．3±5．9）Ma（径迹长度为（13．3±0．3）μm）大于浦口组沉积年龄，代表物源区抬升、剥露的冷却年龄。根据热历史模拟结果，识别出黄桥事件（110～90Ma）、仪征事件（70～60Ma）和三垛事件（35～22Ma）三期重要的构造事件，并将下扬子区晚白垩世以来的盆地演化划分为四个阶段：110～70Ma断坳复合型伸展盆地、70～35Ma拉张断陷盆地、35～22Ma挤压抬升阶段和22Ma至今坳陷盆地。 相似文献
4.
塞内加尔盆地是位于西北非大西洋沿岸的一个裂谷-被动大陆边缘叠合型盆地,其中的北部次盆在非洲的大西洋沿岸盆地中,其以陆坡地貌多变、碳酸盐岩发育而盐构造相对欠发育为特征。本文通过地震、钻井资料解释与构造沉积学分析,研究北部次盆南段在被动大陆边缘盆地发育期的陆坡地貌与沉积充填演化特征,明确其主控因素,为系统揭示塞内加尔盆地发育特征、西北非被动大陆边缘盆地演化规律提供地质依据。研究表明,研究区在白垩纪经历了台地边缘斜坡、同沉积断坡、宽缓沉积斜坡等陆坡地貌阶段,发育了早白垩世Neocomian-Aptian期的碳酸盐岩台地建设期、Albian-Santonian期的断坡-碎屑岩陆坡内外分离式沉积期、Campanian-Maastrichtian期的碎屑岩缓坡沉积期等构造沉积演化阶段,各阶段形成了不同的沉积格局。全球海平面变化与陆源碎屑供给相对欠发育是造就研究区被动大陆边缘盆地沉积充填特征的首要因素;区域构造运动对该区陆坡地貌的演化、不整合的发生、物源的进退有着直接的控制作用;古气候与物源区条件则间接影响着盆内沉积物的类型、规模与格局。 相似文献
5.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2021,(4)
渤海的碎屑物质详细记录了源区的地质信息,对其进行物源示踪研究有助于提高我们对周围造山带及黄河的演化、中国东部陆架海碎屑物质扩散等的认识。本文利用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱分别对辽东湾、渤海湾及莱州湾周围主要汇入河流的碎屑磷灰石进行原位微量元素分析,结合Kolmogorov-Smirnov统计方法的多维判别图与反向传播神经网络等方法,分析渤海主要汇入河流碎屑磷灰石的微量元素与稀土元素。结果表明在汇入渤海的主要河流中,碎屑磷灰石的微量元素主要以Sr元素与Y元素为主,且都出现较为明显的HREE富集,但在不同河流之间的碎屑磷灰石Sr元素与REE也存在一定差异,这可能与其母岩不同相关。 相似文献
6.
四国海盆起源与沉积环境演化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
四国海盆位于西太平洋最大的边缘海——菲律宾海的东北部，是太平洋板块向欧亚板块俯冲而形成的一个目前已不活动的弧后盆地，具有高的热流值和洋壳裂开历史，并且具有双翼不对称扩张模式。其磁条带具有“东西不对称、南北不对等”的特点，从而造成四国海盆“北宽南窄、东凸西平”的地形、地貌特征。四国海盆具有典型的弧后盆地沉积特征，主要包括半远洋沉积、火山碎屑沉积和少量的远洋沉积。在早中新世、中中新世、晚中新世、上新世、更新世盆地发育的不同阶段，都有一定的岩相组合特征，并反映了当时的沉积环境。中中新世在盆地的北部和东部，晚中新世在盆地的北部、东北部，上新世和更新世在盆地的北部、东北部和西北部均发育有碎屑沉积。由于中更新世南海海槽的形成及其对物源的阻隔作用，在盆地北部发育了远洋粘土和钙质生物沉积。中中新世，盆地的北部、东侧和西侧均有火山活动发育，晚中新世仅在东部岛弧区有火山活动；上新世仅盆地的北部有少量的火山活动，晚更新世火山活动在盆地北部发育。 相似文献
7.
巴伦支海陆架宽广,油气资源丰富,其南部是北极地区调查程度相对较高的海域。该区沉积基底主体形成于加里东期,包括西部的加里东造山带、中部的斯瓦尔巴—喀拉微板块、东南的蒂曼造山带,东缘为新地岛褶皱带。西巴伦支海构造以台地与小型盆地相间格局为特征,发育3组裂谷盆地群:泥盆纪末—早石炭世、晚侏罗世—早白垩世和晚白垩世—新近纪裂谷盆地群。加里东之后,巴伦支海地壳处于拉伸状态,形成一系列NE向裂谷盆地。晚石炭世开始,裂谷作用停止,以区域沉降为主。二叠纪—三叠纪巴伦支海东缘的新地岛褶皱带碰撞隆升,完全改变了巴伦支海物源格局,由早期的西部物源为主变为西南为主。中侏罗世晚期—早白垩世,西南巴伦支海老的线性构造复活,形成新裂谷盆地。晚白垩世—新生代,巴伦支海西缘边缘持续沉降,形成裂谷。除西缘外,西巴伦支海新生代以区域的隆升剥蚀为主,对生烃和油气藏储产生重大影响。 相似文献
8.
在环渤海湾盆地的汇入河流碎屑沉积中寻找理想的物源示踪指标,对理解和认识渤海湾盆地以及中国东部陆架海的物质扩散均具有重要意义。利用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS)对渤海湾盆地周缘主要河流的碎屑锆石进行微区原位U-Pb年龄分析,对比前人已经报道的研究结果,发现辽河和滦河同时接受中亚造山带和燕山山脉的物质供给,永定河、滹沱河和漳河的物质分别来自燕山和太行山。黄河汇集了上游的祁连山、秦岭和黄土高原以及华北克拉通南部的物质信号。渤海湾盆地南部的鲁中山区和胶东半岛的碎屑锆石峰值年龄组成与燕山、太行山、黄河流域存在显著差异。因而,利用碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄特征能很好地区分近源的滦河、永定河、滹沱河、漳河、大清河、胶莱河和远源黄河的物质信号。 相似文献
9.
渭河盆地是秦岭山前新生代陆内断陷盆地,接受大量秦岭造山带的沉积。建立渭河盆地沉积物物源示踪体系,对了解渭河盆地和秦岭的盆山耦合关系及其周缘构造-沉积演化均具有重要的意义。对渭河流域干流及主要支流沉积物进行碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄测试。结果表明:渭河干流沉积物碎屑锆石主要呈现五组年龄区间,分别为100~300、300~500、700~1000、1700~2000和2100~2500 Ma,其中以100~300 Ma和300~500 Ma的锆石为主,判别渭河干流沉积物主要来自北秦岭造山带。渭河上游与中下游沉积物在1700~2000 Ma和2100~2500 Ma的年龄组成存在差异,主要与上游出露的元古代岩体相关。渭河支流沉积物碎屑锆石年龄分布存在显著差异。泾河和洛河流经黄土高原,沉积物碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄与黄土高原相似,主要表现为200~300、400~500、800~1100、1800~2000和2400~2550 Ma五组年龄;灞河沉积物继承了北秦岭造山带的特征。通过对渭河流域沉积物的物源分析可知:泾河对渭河干流沉积物贡献较大,灞河对渭河干流沉积物贡献较小,洛河对渭河干流沉积物有一定贡献。渭河汇入黄河前后,黄河沉积物碎屑锆石年龄峰分布及各年龄区间锆石含量比例有明显变化,反映渭河对黄河沉积物有较大影响。 相似文献
10.
古近系储层发育程度一直是制约辽西凸起南段勘探突破的关键因素。运用钻井地质、磷灰石裂变径迹分析、三维地震等基础资料,针对辽西凸起南段沙河街组储层发育问题,开展精细古热史-构造演化分析、古地貌半定量刻画,对目标区沙河街组储层进行预测,结果表明：辽西凸起南段主要经历了新生代早期构造抬升、古近纪沙河街组沉积期构造沉降、东营组沉积期构造反转和新近纪构造定型4个演化时期;断裂体系可划分为长期活动型、早断早衰型、晚断晚衰型3种断裂类型;辽西凹陷具有“盆满砂溢”的先天供源条件,构造演化的分段性特征又造成辽西凸起南段形成了特殊的“链状岛湾”沉积地貌,既可以为围区提供物源,形成近源沉积体,又可以形成较大的可容纳空间,汇聚来自于辽西凹陷满溢的砂体,在辽西凸起上形成了双向供源沉积模式。以上认识推动了旅大4-3油田的油气勘探评价,且对凸起围区的油气勘探具有较好的借鉴意义。 相似文献
11.
滇西高原第四纪以来的隆升和剥蚀 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
由滇西高原内古夷平面的抬高、外流水系的河流阶地、高原外营歌海盆地和琼东南盆地的沉积响应,共同揭示滇西高原第四纪以来的快速隆升和剥蚀历史。第四纪以来滇西高原区域性抬升了610～700余米、被剥蚀了1095～1600m,其平均剥蚀速率为0．68～0．94mm／a。根据河流阶地计算出第四纪以来各时段的隆升速率;隆升在0．386～0．296Ma达到峰期,隆升速率为2．24～2．SOmm／a;1．6～0.647Ma隆升速率最缓慢为0．68～0．94mm／a。滇西高原第四纪以来的隆升量和隆升峰期与同期的青藏高原具有相似性,但隆升速率明显低于东喜马拉雅构造结的隆升速率。 相似文献
12.
A. Zabanbark 《Oceanology》2012,52(4):513-525
The North Sea basin occupies a spacious depression almost isometric in shape. In the west and northwest, the basin is bordered by the continental crust consolidated during the Precambrian, Caledonian, and Hercynian orogenic epochs, which now forms epiplatformal orogenic structures. They are represented by the London-Brabant uplift and the Arden massif in the southwest and south and the Baltic Shield in the east and northeast. The North Sea basin may be considered as an ancient aulacogen that was transformed in the Early Mesozoic into a complex system of continental rifts and grabens. The sedimentary cover of the basin is represented by a thick (8.5?C12.5 km) Ordovician-Quaternary sequence. Oil and gas generation in the sedimentary cover of the basin is likely connected with four main productive sequences: the coaliferous Upper Carboniferous (Westphalian), the subsalt Zechstein, the Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous (Lotharingian, Toarcian, Kimmeridgian, and Weldian bituminose shales), and the shaly Cenozoic. The large oil and gas reserves in the North Sea??s sedimentary cover (over 280 fields) implies that the above-mentioned sequences have realized their oil-generating potential. The present-day position of the main oil and gas generation zones in the sedimentary section of the North Sea explains the distribution of the oil and gas fields through the basin from the genetic standpoint. The petroleum resource potential of the basin is still significant. In this regard, most promising are the spacious shelf areas, turbidite sediments, deep Paleozoic sequences, and continental slopes in the northern part of the basin, which remains insufficiently investigated. 相似文献
13.
Reconstructions of the Albian to Campanian foreland basin adjacent to the northern Canadian Cordillera are based on outcrop and well log correlations, seismic interpretation, and reconnaissance-level detrital zircon analysis. The succession is subdivided into two tectonostratigraphic units. First is an Albian tectonostratigraphic unit that was deposited on the flexural margin of a foreland basin. At the base is a shallow marine sandstone interval that was deposited during transgressive reworking of sediment from cratonic sources east of the basin that resulted in a dominant 2000–1800 Ma detrital zircon age fraction. Subsequent deposition in a west-facing muddy ramp setting was followed by east-to-west shoreface progradation into the basin.Near the Albian–Cenomanian boundary, regional uplift and exhumation resulted in an angular unconformity at the base of the Cenomanian–Campanian tectonostratigraphic unit. Renewed subsidence in the Cenomanian resulted in deposition of organic-rich, radioactive, black mudstone of the Slater River Formation in a foredeep setting. Cenomanian–Turonian time saw west-to-east progradation of a shoreface-shelf system from the orogenic margin of the foreland basin over the foredeep deposits. Detrital zircon age peaks of approximately 1300 Ma, 1000 Ma, and 400 Ma from a Turonian sample are consistent with recycling of Mississippian and older strata from the Cordillera west of the study area, and show that the orogen-attached depositional system delivered sediment from the orogen to the foreland basin. A near syndepositional detrital zircon age of ca. 93 Ma overlaps with known granitoid ages from the Cordillera. After the shelf system prograded across the study area, subsequent pulses of subsidence and uplift resulted in dramatic thickness variations across an older structural belt, the Keele Tectonic Zone, from the Turonian to the Campanian.The succession of depositional systems in the study area from flexural margin to foredeep to orogenic margin is attributed to coupled foreland propagation of the front of the Cordilleran orogen and the foreland basin. Propagation of crustal thickening and deformation toward the foreland is a typical feature of orogens and so the distal to proximal evolution of the foreland basin should also be considered as typical. 相似文献
14.
沿岸某些人为地质灾害与沉积层的性质有关。我国沿岸沉积层的特征和分布依赖于河流输沙。注入构造沉降带的多为大河,其输沙量占入海河流输沙量的90％以上,且颗粒较细,形成厚层第四纪泥质沉积层。注入隆起带的河流其输沙量少于10％,且以沙砾为主,形成沙砾层。依据我国沿岸沉积层的分布格局,可以预测某些人为地质灾害。 相似文献
15.
J. M. Lorenzo 《Geo-Marine Letters》1997,17(1):1-3
Continent–ocean fracture zones are the fossil transform offsets located along passive rifted continental margins. Kinematic
models identify at least two principal stages in their evolution. During the first stage as rifting proceeds, continent–continent
shearing dominates a narrow region in which the transform fault will eventually rupture. High-standing continental marginal
ridges 50–100 km wide and bounding deep sedimentary basins, are derived in such settings. In stage two as sea-floor spreading
proceeds, the younger oceanic block slides along the active transform, heating the older continental block, and possibly induces
thermal uplift and accompanying denudation. Magnetic injection into the continental block at depth may also induce an isostatic
uplift. After ridge–transform intersection time, mechanical coupling between the continental and oceanic blocks may influence
the stratigraphy and structure of these margins.
Received: 12 March 1996 / Revision received: 23 April 1996 相似文献
16.
造山带由于存在着构造学、地层学诸多方面的造山作用和改造作用,在时空结构上,不但失序,而且移位,因而古海洋恢复使用传统方法即正序方法,不但行不通,而且十分不当。反序方法最具针对性,是造山带古海洋研究中不可缺少的工作思路和方法。 相似文献
17.
18.
D. Casas G. Ercilla F. Estrada B. Alonso J. Baraza H. Lee R. Kayen F. Chiocci 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2004,22(4):253-278
Our investigation is centred on the continental slope of the Antarctic Peninsula and adjacent basin. Type of sediments, sedimentary stratigraphy, and physical and geotechnical characterization of the sediments have been integrated. Four different types of sediments have been defined: diamictons, silty and muddy turbidites, muddy, silty and muddy matrix embedded clast contourites. There is a close correspondence between the physical properties (density, magnetic susceptibility and p-wave velocity) and the texture and/or fabric as laminations and stratification. From a quantitative point of view, only a few statistical correlations between textural and physical properties have been found. Within the geotechnical properties, only water content is most influenced by texture. This slope, with a maximum gradient observed (20°), is stable, according to the stability under gravitational loading concepts, and the maximum stable slope that would range from 22° to 29°. Nevertheless, different instability features have been observed. Volcanic activity, bottom currents, glacial loading-unloading or earthquakes can be considered as potential mechanisms to induce instability in this area. 相似文献
19.
D. Casas G. Ercilla F. Estrada B. Alonso J. Baraza H. Lee 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(4):253-278
Our investigation is centred on the continental slope of the Antarctic Peninsula and adjacent basin. Type of sediments, sedimentary stratigraphy, and physical and geotechnical characterization of the sediments have been integrated. Four different types of sediments have been defined: diamictons, silty and muddy turbidites, muddy, silty and muddy matrix embedded clast contourites. There is a close correspondence between the physical properties (density, magnetic susceptibility and p-wave velocity) and the texture and/or fabric as laminations and stratification. From a quantitative point of view, only a few statistical correlations between textural and physical properties have been found. Within the geotechnical properties, only water content is most influenced by texture. This slope, with a maximum gradient observed (20°), is stable, according to the stability under gravitational loading concepts, and the maximum stable slope that would range from 22° to 29°. Nevertheless, different instability features have been observed. Volcanic activity, bottom currents, glacial loading-unloading or earthquakes can be considered as potential mechanisms to induce instability in this area. 相似文献
20.
华南珠江三角洲河口地区受到珠江流域和近海海洋环境的共同影响,其沉积体系中承载的古地质记录对于揭示海陆交互作用下的地质地貌过程演化具有独特意义。本研究对珠江伶仃洋湾口的一条钻孔岩芯进行了环境磁学研究。研究发现,在晚更新世以来海水入侵的相对高海平面时期,岩芯沉积物中磁性矿物的组成或高矫顽力组分的来源更稳定,反映了沉积区环境的稳定性或沉积物源区的相对固定;在海水退出的风化剥蚀期,沉积序列中磁性矿物组合出现大幅度旋回变化,这表明同时期碎屑物质源区可能经历了显著的环境更替。多重磁学参数包括低频磁化率、非磁滞剩磁、饱和等温剩磁以及HIRM参数,在全岩芯中指示了比较一致的磁性变化特征;相较之下,S-ratio参数的变化更灵敏地响应了伶仃洋湾口地区海水入侵和退出背景下的沉积演化历史。 相似文献