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1.
为了从海绵共附生微生物中寻找天然高效抗污损活性物质,本文针对前期研究获取的4株具有显著抗硅藻附着的活性菌株进行活性验证和比较,选出其中最优菌株进行菌种鉴定及发酵条件优化.比较了活性菌株对小新月菱形藻(Nitzschia closterium)、咖啡双眉藻(Amphora coffeaeformis)、碎片菱形藻(Nitzschia frustulum)附着的抑制活性,确定菌株UST050418-715为最优菌株;通过16S r DNA的测序分析,结合平板的菌落形态和扫描电镜下菌体特征,鉴定活性菌株UST050418-715为短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus).为优化该菌株的培养条件,选择了酵母粉、蛋白胨、Na Cl、p H值进行四因素三水平的正交实验,对菌株培养条件进行优化.发现选择的4个因素对应的菌株发酵产物对硅藻附着的抑制活性大小不同,影响显著性顺序是酵母粉蛋白胨Na Clp H值,综合菌株发酵产物活性、粗提物产量和菌株生长情况进行分析,确定菌株UST050418-715基于海洋2216E培养基的最佳发酵条件为:蛋白胨含量7.5 g/dm3,酵母粉含量3 g/dm3,Na Cl含量10.45 g/dm3,p H值9.5.  相似文献   

2.
一株海洋几丁质酶产生菌的筛选及其产酶条件的初步研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
从胶州湾的海泥中分离到一株几丁质酶高产菌株。经16SrDNA序列分析,认为该菌属于假交替单胞菌(Pseudoaltermonas),并将其命名为SS01。对该菌产几丁质酶的最佳培养条件进行了研究,发现与其它几丁质酶产生菌相比,SS01菌株的最适产酶温度较低,酶活较高。在Zobell2216E培养基中,SS01菌株培养9h进入稳定期。胶体几丁质可诱导该菌几丁质酶的产生。在几丁质培养基中,SS01菌株产酶的适宜条件是:培养温度24℃,培养基起始pH7.0左右,蛋白胨为N源(5g/L),胶体几丁质为C源(5g/L),170r/min振荡培养130h,酶活可达116.2U/mL。  相似文献   

3.
环境因子对鳗弧菌生长和胞外蛋白酶表达的影响   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)是一种水产动物的重要致病菌,鳗弧菌分泌的胞外蛋白酶是该菌的致病因子之一.研究了环境因子对鳗弧菌W-1生长及胞外蛋白酶表达的影响.结果表明,鳗弧菌的最适生长温度为28℃,菌体生长量在21 h达到最高,胞外蛋白酶的活力在24 h最高.在37℃培养时,菌体生长和酶活力显著降低;添加葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖等碳源物质均能显著促进菌体的生长,但对于胞外蛋白酶表达有明显抑制作用;1 mmol/L EGTA对茵体的生长和胞外蛋白酶表达没有明显影响,而1 mmol/L的EDTA强烈抑制鳗弧菌的生长及其胞外蛋白酶的表达.添加不同浓度的氨苄青霉素对菌体的生长及其胞外蛋白酶表达有明显的抑制作用.  相似文献   

4.
田黎  李光友 《海洋学报》2001,23(4):87-92
测试了4株海洋芽孢杆菌的培养条件对其产生抗菌蛋白的影响;提取的粗蛋白的性质以及对6种病原指示菌的抑菌活性,结果表明,4株海洋芽孢杆菌在2216E,EMB,CM培养液;15~35℃;NaCl浓度0%~5%;pH3~9的条件下均能生长,适宜生长温度20~28℃;NaCl浓度1%~3%;pH5~8.菌株分别培养84~108h抑菌活性最强.(NH4)2SO4沉淀抗菌粗蛋白的最适饱和度为50%~70%.粗蛋白对病原菌尤其对病原真菌具有强烈的抑制作用.粗蛋白性质稳定,对高温和蛋白酶不敏感.  相似文献   

5.
养殖石斑鱼溃疡病病原哈维氏弧菌胞外产物的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以网箱养殖的患溃疡病青石斑鱼(Epinephlus awoara)和斜带石斑鱼(Epinephlus co-ioides)分离的哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)TS-628菌株为研究对象,采用平板玻璃纸覆盖技术,获得该菌株的胞外产物(ECP),并对其成分进行分析。利用杯碟法研究表明,哈维氏弧菌TS-628菌株的胞外产物具有酪蛋白酶、明胶蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶、卵磷脂酶等多种酶活性和溶血活性,且溶血性物质具有热不稳定性。SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)及考马斯亮蓝R-250染色分析表明,ECP蛋白条带主要集中在分子质量范围25.0~66.2 ku之间,经不同时间培养所获得的ECP在凝胶上显示出的蛋白条带几乎一致。采用复性电泳方法(G-PAGE)分析了哈维氏弧菌及其它4种弧菌属细菌的ECP蛋白酶活性,结果发现哈维氏弧菌ECP在酸性条件下,蛋白酶活性较强,在碱性条件下,蛋白酶带明显减少,活性很弱。在相同的pH条件下,5种弧菌中以副溶血弧菌的ECP蛋白酶活性最强,种类多,分子质量范围宽;而哈维氏弧菌的蛋白酶带较少,活性也稍弱。  相似文献   

6.
RSM方法用于产红色素发酵培养基优化   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
用RSM方法对黄杆菌属产红色素菌株S-9801(Flavobacterium sp.)的培养基进行了优化.首先用部分重复因子实验对培养基组分蛋白胨、酵母粉、葡萄糖及NaCl浓度对菌株产红色素的影响进行评价,找出主要影响因子为葡萄糖和NaCl浓度.两者均为正影响,其他组分对色素含量的影响不显著.第二步用最陡爬坡路径逼近最大响应区域.最后用中心组合设计及响应面分析确定主要影响因子的最佳浓度.菌株在优化培养基中培养较初始培养基色素含量提高320%.  相似文献   

7.
甜菜渣对中国对虾消化酶的影响研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
罗日祥 《海洋与湖沼》1997,28(3):280-284
于1996年10月在中国科学院海洋研究所选取人工养殖中国对虾(平均体长9.02cm),以双缩脲法测定消化器官的蛋白含量;福林一酚试剂法测定蛋白酶活力;Somogyi比色法糖法测定淀粉酶和纤维素酶活力,同时研究中国对虾配合饵料中添加10%的甜菜渣或10%经不同方法处理的甜菜渣时,对消化器官蛋白酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶活力变化的影响。结果表明,在饵料中添加10%甜菜渣 经不同方法处理的甜菜渣饲喂中国对虾,  相似文献   

8.
从大型褐藻藻体分离获得一株具有高效降解琼胶和褐藻胶能力的革兰氏阴性菌菌株ST-6。16S rDNA序列分析结果表明,该菌株与海绵假单胞菌的相似度达到99%,NJ法构建系统进化树也与海绵假单胞菌归为一类,鉴定为海绵假单胞菌Pseudomonas pachastrellae ST-6。在2216E培养基、30℃培养条件下,海绵假单胞菌ST-6的生长曲线表明,接种10~48 h为菌株的指数生长期,48~72 h为生长稳定期。产酶结果表明,菌株ST-6在指数生长期时菌液的胞外琼胶酶相对酶活力较高,在接种48 h时,菌液的琼胶酶相对酶活力最高为249.15 U/m L。此外,发现菌株ST-6的琼胶酶和褐藻胶酶的分泌类型分别为非诱导型和诱导型。采用单因素分析法对其生长和产酶条件进行分析,结果表明,海绵假单胞菌ST-6最适生长条件为:温度25~35℃,33值5~9;最适产琼胶酶条件为:温度30℃,33值为7,琼胶浓度0.3%。最适产褐藻胶酶条件为:温度35℃,33值为9。在温度30℃、339和褐藻酸钠浓度0.15%的培养条件下,海绵假单胞菌ST-6获得最高胞外褐藻胶酶相对酶活力为135.54 U/m L。  相似文献   

9.
褐藻酸降解菌埃氏交替单胞菌菌株A102发酵培养时褐藻酸酶形成条件研究表明,其产酶的培养基最适褐藻酸钠含量为0.3 ̄0.6%,氮源为0.5%的蛋白胨,pH7.5,装量是在500ml三角瓶中装培养基200ml。  相似文献   

10.
本文采用PD、GPY、YES、SYE、GPM5种不同培养基培养海藻真菌菌株PT2,并对其在不同培养基中的生长情况、代谢产物的形成及抗肿瘤活性进行分析,旨在了解不同培养基对菌株生长和活性物质合成的影响.结果显示,PT2菌株在不同培养基上的培养特征及生长速率有所不同,液体培养基发酵液抽提物的抗肿瘤活性也有较大差别,其中SYE发酵液抽提物活性最强,对KB、Raji和Hela 3种肿瘤细胞的IC50分别为7.6μg/cm^3、2.4μg/cm^3和3.3μg/cm^3.采用HPLC法对不同抽提物进行分析,发现它们之间的组成成分有显著差异.本文的实验结果表明,不同培养基对该菌株的生长及活性代谢产物的合成具有显著的影响。  相似文献   

11.
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance.  相似文献   

12.
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm.  相似文献   

13.
海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明:土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。  相似文献   

14.
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths.  相似文献   

15.
Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations.  相似文献   

16.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(8):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology,  相似文献   

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18.
This article presents a methodology developed to evaluate the instability of submarine slopes that extend over a large area. Special attention was paid to (1) the complex geometry (bathymetry) and the expanse of the slope, (2) the heterogeneity of the sediment, and (3) the distribution of the pore pressure. The safety factor was considered as a spatially varying quantity. The General Formulation (GLE, Fredlund and Krahn 1977), which fully satisfies equilibrium conditions, was used for evaluating the stability of the marine slope. The submarine slope failure, which occurred on 16 October 1979 during the construction of the new Nice airport, was studied in order to test the developed model. Geotechnical parameters were taken from experimental tests carried out by IFREMER on 19 cores extracted at different depths (from 27 m to 1300 m) (Cochonat, Bourillet, and Savoye, 1993; Mulder et al., 1994). Many scenarios were proposed in order to explain the cause of the Nice slope failure (Habib, 1994). In this article, two of those scenarios were tested. Simulation results are presented and discussed.  相似文献   

19.
20.
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone.  相似文献   

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