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1.
《海洋科学集刊》2017,(0)
褐藻多糖硫酸酯(fucoidan,FPS)是所有褐藻中所固有的细胞间多糖,存在于细胞壁基质中。生长于潮间带、长时间与空气接触的褐藻种类中,如多年生的墨角藻(Fucus vesiculosus)类,其褐藻多糖硫酸酯的含量可高达20%;生长在较深处的海带(Saccharina japonica)类中含量较低,约为1%~2%。褐藻多糖硫酸酯是一类独特的结合有硫酸基的水溶性杂聚糖,其化学组成和结构非常复杂,以岩藻糖和硫酸基为主,随着褐藻的种类不同还含有半乳糖、木糖、糖醛酸等其他成分。褐藻多糖硫酸酯具有多种生物活性,目前针对墨角藻、泡叶藻(Ascophyllum nodosum)、鼠尾藻(Sargassum thunbergii)等褐藻中的褐藻多糖硫酸酯研究较多,发现其具有免疫调节、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗凝血、抗氧化等生物活性。本文主要就褐藻多糖硫酸酯的提取、纯化、结构及生物活性等方面研究进行综述。 相似文献
2.
褐藻多糖硫酸酯的结构与生物活性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
褐藻多糖硫酸酯（fucoidan，FPS）是所有褐藻中所固有的细胞间多糖，存在于细胞壁基质中。生长于潮间带、长时间与空气接触的褐藻种类中，如多年生的墨角藻（Fucus vesiculosus）类，其褐藻多糖硫酸酯的含量可高达20%；生长在较深处的海带（Saccharina japonica）类中含量较低，约为1%~2%。褐藻多糖硫酸酯是一类独特的结合有硫酸基的水溶性杂聚糖，其化学组成和结构非常复杂，以岩藻糖和硫酸基为主，随着褐藻的种类不同还含有半乳糖、木糖、糖醛酸等其他成分。褐藻多糖硫酸酯具有多种生物活性，目前针对墨角藻、泡叶藻（Ascophyllum nodosum）、鼠尾藻（Sargassum thunbergii）等褐藻中的褐藻多糖硫酸酯研究较多，发现其具有免疫调节、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗凝血、抗氧化等生物活性。本文主要就褐藻多糖硫酸酯的提取、纯化、结构及生物活性等方面研究进行综述。 相似文献
3.
褐藻多糖硫酸酯是一种含有硫酸基的水溶性杂聚糖,其化学组成对抗氧化活性有较大的影响。本文对三种褐藻来源的褐藻多糖硫酸酯及其降解产物化学组成和抗氧化活性进行了研究,阐明了不同来源褐藻多糖硫酸酯体外抗氧化活性的构效关系。实验结果表明:1)分子量对抗氧化活性有较大影响,但是对不同褐藻来源的褐藻多糖硫酸酯的影响趋势并不一致。2)岩藻糖、硫酸基和糖醛酸含量对清除超氧阴离子自由基的影响与分子量有一定的关系。对于低分子量样品,岩藻糖和硫酸基含量与抗氧化活性成正相关。3)岩藻糖和硫酸根的比值对羟基自由基的清除能力有一定影响,比值越大,羟基自由基的清除能力越强。分子量、岩藻糖、硫酸基和糖醛酸的含量对褐藻多糖硫酸酯的抗氧化活性的影响依次减小。本研究为褐藻多糖硫酸酯在抗氧化剂保健品和功能食品中的应用提供了基础数据,也为裙带菜、羊栖菜和铜藻的高值化利用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
4.
海带(Saccharina japonica)是我国的主要经济褐藻,从海带中制备的褐藻多糖硫酸酯具有免疫调节等多种生物活性,但鲜有基于组学的研究报道。本文采用RNA高通量测序(RNA-sequencing,RNA-seq)转录组学技术以及平行反应监测(Parallel Reaction Monitoring,PRM)靶向定量蛋白组学方法,探究海带褐藻多糖硫酸酯作用于小鼠巨噬细胞RAW 264.7后对巨噬细胞功能和通路的影响。结果表明,褐藻多糖硫酸酯(100μg/mL)作用于RAW 264.7细胞后,差异表达基因主要富集在免疫反应、先天性免疫应答等生物过程以及TNF、NF-κB、Toll样受体等信号通路,也可促进RAW 264.7细胞膜蛋白A类清道夫受体(SR-A)中SCARA3和Toll样受体中TLR4的表达。采用流式细胞仪对褐藻多糖硫酸酯作用后SR-A和TLR4的表达量进行蛋白水平的验证,SR-A和TLR4的表达量均有升高,证实了组学结果的可靠性。本研究结果为利用褐藻多糖硫酸酯开发具有免疫调节作用的功能食品或药物提供依据。 相似文献
5.
褐藻寡糖激发子诱导烟草抗低温作用研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究褐藻寡糖在低温下对烟草的保护作用,探讨褐藻寡糖作用机理,将褐藻寡糖溶液均匀喷施到烟草叶面后置于(4±1)℃下进行低温胁迫,间隔不同时间检测相关指标.研究发现,浓度是影响褐藻寡糖抗冻性能的重要因素.0.05%,0.20%和0.30%褐藻寡糖具有诱导激发因子作用,能够诱导烟草CAT、SOD和POD活力提高,清除体内产生的氧自由基,保护细胞膜和叶绿素结构,减少烟草叶片损伤,提高烟草耐低温能力,其中以0.20%褐藻寡糖诱导效果最好;0.10%褐藻寡糖具有抗冻保护剂作用,在24 h内烟草各项指标均没有明显变化,可保护细胞免受低温伤害,但48 h时冻伤指标增强,其保护作用减弱或者消失;高浓度1.00%褐藻寡糖具有毒副作用,在烟草细胞表面形成较强渗透势,胞内物质外渗严重,烟草细胞结构受到破坏,加速低温下烟草叶片损伤. 相似文献
6.
副溶血弧菌、脂多糖和嗜酸小球菌对凡纳滨对虾血清一氧化氮合酶的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
探讨了凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei血细胞中是否存在一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性,进行了副溶血弧菌Vibrioparahaemolyticus和哈维氏弧菌Vibrioharveyi脂多糖(LPS)体外孵育实验,采用亚硝酸盐法对凡纳滨对虾血细胞中NOS活性进行了测定。结果表明,副溶血弧菌和LPS离体孵育血细胞组的一氧化氮(NO)浓度显著高于对照组,而且这一反应能被NOS抑制剂亚硝基L精氨酸甲酯(LNAME)所阻断,证实了凡纳滨对虾血细胞中存在NOS活性。同时进行了副溶血弧菌感染凡纳滨对虾对其血清NO浓度和NOS活性的影响试验。试验表明,副溶血弧菌注射感染凡纳滨对虾后12h血清中NOS活性极显著高于对照组;NO浓度在注射后24h开始升高,72h后各组NO浓度都显著高于对照组。说明副溶血弧菌感染凡纳滨对虾可以诱导NOS的表达,并产生NO来抵抗副溶血弧菌的入侵,从而增强了对虾的免疫力。此外将嗜酸小球菌Pediococcusacidilactici按10.0mg·kg-1添加到饲料里投喂凡纳滨对虾后,血清中溶菌酶活力和NOS活性比对照组有显著提高,且溶菌酶活力和NOS活性存在显著正相关性(r=0.629,r0.05[1,12]=0.532)。从而进一步说明了NOS活性可以作为凡纳滨对虾免疫力高低的有效指标。 相似文献
7.
测定褐藻羊栖菜中的岩藻聚糖硫酸酯 (F 2 )的中性单糖组成和硫酸基含量 ,发现F 2主要由岩藻糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖和少量的木糖、鼠李糖等组成 ,硫酸基含量为 3 4.6%。采用温和的溶剂法将F 2脱硫 ,比较其脱硫前后硫酸基含量和中性单糖组成的差异 ,其脱硫产物F 2d的硫酸基含量为 5 .6% ,除岩藻糖含量略有降低外 ,其他中性单糖组成相似 ,测定结果表明脱硫基本完全且效果较好。另外 ,本文选用改良的甲基化方法 ,并通过红外光谱扫描验证了甲基化反应完全。对F 2脱硫前后部分甲基化糖醇乙酸酯的GC MS进行分析比较 ,得出F 2的结构信息 ,包括其主链和支链的构成、连接方式和硫酸基取代位置等。 相似文献
8.
采用人肠道微生物体外厌氧发酵技术,研究人肠道微生物对不同分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的降解利用。分别将五个志愿者的肠道微生物接种到以高分子量和低分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯为唯一碳源的培养基中,酵解48h后,采用TLC和PAGE分析分子量变化,PMP-HPLC分析单糖组成变化,GC分析短链脂肪酸的生成情况。结果发现:在人肠道微生物体外降解岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的体系中,岩藻聚糖硫酸酯寡糖和低分子量组分(10—20k Da)含量显著降低,而且酵解产物的单糖组成没有变化,说明被人肠道微生物彻底降解利用;而人肠道微生物对高分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯(20k Da)的降解和利用度很低,产物的半乳糖和甘露糖的比例明显下降。低分子量和高分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯在酵解后均生成短链脂肪酸乙酸、丙酸和丁酸,但在高分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯发酵液中还生成了支链脂肪酸(异丁酸、异戊酸)和戊酸。研究结果表明,人肠道微生物能够彻底降解利用复杂的海带岩藻聚糖硫酸酯寡糖和低分子量组分,但是对高分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的降解率很低。单糖分析说明人肠道微生物能够降解和利用多糖中的所有单糖,产生有利于肠道健康的短链脂肪酸,但是只有低分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯能够抑制支链脂肪酸生成。 相似文献
9.
岩藻聚糖硫酸酯寡糖-Ce(Ⅳ)配合物水解胶原蛋白的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对岩藻聚糖硫酸酯寡糖-铈配合物的制备及其对胶原蛋白的水解活性进行了研究。通过酸水解得到不同分子量的岩藻聚糖硫酸酯寡糖F1(MW>5 000),F2(MW 1 000~5 000),F3(MW<1 000),小分子的F3与Ce(Ⅳ)的配合效果最好,且水解胶原蛋白的活性高。通过实验确定了岩藻聚糖硫酸酯寡糖F3与Ce(Ⅳ)的配合条件以及F3-Ce(Ⅳ)配合物对胶原蛋白的最佳水解条件。 相似文献
10.
镉胁迫对凡纳滨对虾血清中一氧化氮合成酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究了不同浓度Cd2 (0.05、0.5和5mg·L-1)对凡纳滨对虾Litopeneaus vannamei血清中的总一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)、诱导型一氧化氮合成酶(iNOS)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的影响.结果表明,镉胁迫促使总NOS活力升高依剂量而异,中(0.5mg·L-1)、低(0. 05mg·L-1)剂量组凡纳滨对虾血清中总NOS活力在24-48h显著高于对照组,而高剂量组(5mg·L-1)在12-48h血清中总NOS活力与对照组相比无显著差别; iNOS活力变化趋势与总NOS活力相似,但中、低剂量组之间iNOS活性无显著差异.镉胁迫促使凡纳滨对虾血清中SOD活力短暂升高,但高剂量在24-48h对SOD活力呈明显的抑制效应. 相似文献
11.
1Introduction Thegeneration,reactionandconsequenceof freeradicalsinbiologicalsystemshavereceived muchattentionrecentlyinconnectionwithavariety ofpathologicalevents(BarryandSusanna,1993;FangandLi,1999).LDLoxidizedbyexposureto tracemetalionsCu2 andFe3 (Hein… 相似文献
12.
Almeida DV Trindade GS Geracitano LA Barros DM Monserrat JM Marins LF 《Marine environmental research》2008,66(1):158-160
13.
Arghavan Hosseinpouri Mehdi Mohammadi Elham Ehsandoost Paria Sharafi-Badr Narges Obeidi 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(12):133-141
Marine macroalgal sulfated fucose-containing polysaccharides, like fucoidan, have drawn significant attention due to their biotechnological potentials, such as anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-cholinesterase activities. The fucoidan derived from brown macroalgae Sargassum angustifolium species (FSA) was investigated for its cytotoxic effects and alterations in cell proliferation, and cell cycle-related gene expression in the present study occurred on NB4 cell line. The results showed that FSA would induce p53, p21, pro-apoptotic genes and increase expression of the p15 gene as a cell arrest marker. Also, FSA inhibited the anti-apoptotic effect of the Bcl-2 gene and decreased dnmt-1 gene expression. FSA significantly exhibited potent 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (p<0.05) with an IC50 value of 0.157 mg/mL and showed moderate anti-acetylcholinesterase activity with an IC50 value of 1.20 μg/mL. These results indicated the potential of FSA for the development of therapeutic or preventive agents of cancer and Alzheimer’s disease mainly through cytotoxic effect and AChE (acetylcholinesterase) inhibition as well as additional antioxidant capacities. 相似文献
14.
中国明对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)血细胞中一氧化氮合成酶的鉴定及其在白斑综合症病毒感染过程中的变化 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
诱导型一氧化氮合成酶(iNOS)在生物机体免疫，特别在无脊椎动物免疫中的作用近来得到了广泛的关注，由其催化产生的一氧化氯(NO)除具有已知的神经传导、松弛平滑肌等功能外，还具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗寄生虫等作用。作者通过硝基四氯唑蓝(NBT)法和血细胞形态观察等方法，对中国明对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)血细胞中存在的诱导型一氧化氮合成酶进行了初步鉴定。在此基础上，通过亚硝酸盐法和L-瓜氨酸法对比，研究了感染白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)后中国明对虾血细胞中一氧化氯合成酶的变化情况。结果显示，中国明对虾在感染WSSV后，iNOS活性在12h内有上升趋势，实验36h后酶活性显著下降，至60h后酶活性降至对照组的一半左右。同时，被脂多糖(LPS)诱导的一氧化氮合成酶活性与对照相比也有显著下降。与此对应的是，核酸探针斑点杂交法检测病毒的结果显示：实验36h后在对虾体内能够检测到白斑综合症病毒。对照组中国明对虾血细胞的iNOS在实验过程中基本保持稳定。这说明WSSV在感染中国明对虾初期可以诱导血细胞产生iNOS，但随着WSSV在中国明对虾体内的大量增殖及其对血细胞的破坏，使得iNOS活性显著降低，对虾也趋于死亡。因此，iNOS能够作为反映对虾在病毒感染过程中健康状况的有效指标。 相似文献
15.
岩藻聚糖硫酸酯低聚糖的制备及其抗氧化活性研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
探讨H2O2降解岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的条件及其产物的抗氧化活性。采用Cu2 -H2O2体系降解原料Fucoidan,结果发现反应时间越长得到的高分子量的组分越少,而低分子量的低聚糖产量增加;H2O2浓度增高,水解所得主要组分的分子量明显减小;温度升高,水解速度明显加快;产物的硫酸根含量随反应温度和H2O2浓度的降低而增加。用Pyrogallol—Luminol系统对水解产物的抗氧化活性进行了研究,发现硫酸根含量低的Fucoidan水解产物除O2.-的活性较好,其中15%H2O2降解得<5KD的低聚糖清除O2.-的活性明显高于肌肽(IC50为0.65mg/mL),IC50为0.17mg/mL。 相似文献
16.
通过细胞形态观察和CCK-8法研究HPN对HepG2细胞活力的影响。采用高糖高浓度胰岛素持续作用诱导Hep G2细胞建立胰岛素抵抗细胞模型,用多功能自动生化仪葡萄糖-己糖激酶法检测海普诺(HPN)对正常Hep G2细胞及胰岛素抵抗Hep G2细胞葡萄糖消耗量的影响。实验结果显示,低浓度的HPN对Hep G2细胞增殖没有影响。HPN与胰岛素协同作用Hep G2细胞,低浓度胰岛素对葡萄糖利用有一定的促进作用;当胰岛素浓度为1×10–6 mol/L时,HPN可明显促进Hep G2细胞葡萄糖消耗。进一步研究表明,HPN在5×10–8~1×10–7 mol/L浓度范围内可明显促进胰岛素抵抗Hep G2细胞的葡萄糖的消耗。HPN可明显改善Hep G2细胞胰岛素抵抗。 相似文献
17.
Extracellular enzyme activities were compared among surface water, bottom water, and sediments of the Delaware Estuary using six fluorescently labeled, structurally distinct polysaccharides to determine the effects of suspended sediment transport on water column hydrolytic activities. Potential hydrolysis rates in surface waters were also measured for the nearby shelf. Samples were taken in December 2006, 6 months after a major flood event in the Delaware Basin that was followed by high freshwater run-off throughout the fall of 2006. All substrates were hydrolyzed in sediments and in the water column, including two (pullulan and fucoidan) that previously were not hydrolyzed in surface waters of the Delaware estuary. At the time of sampling, total particulate matter (TPM) in surface waters at the lower bay, bay mouth, and shelf ranged between 31 mg l−1 and 48 mg l−1 and were 2 to 20 times higher than previously reported. The presence of easily resuspended sediments at the lower bay and bay mouth indicated enhanced suspended sediment transport in the estuary prior to our sampling. Bottom water hydrolysis rates at the two sites affected by sediment resuspension were generally higher than those in surface waters from the same site. Most notably, fucoidan and pullulan hydrolysis rates in bay mouth bottom waters were 22.6 and 6.2 nM monomer h−1, respectively, and thus three and five times higher than surface water rates. Our data suggest that enhanced mixing processes between the sediment and the overlying water broadened the spectrum of water column hydrolases activity, improving the efficiency of enzymatic degradation of high molecular weight organic matter in the water with consequences for organic matter cycling in the Delaware estuary. 相似文献
18.
The assessment of DNA damage by the Comet assay has been described as a useful non-specific general biomarker of stress in many marine organisms. In field situations it has successfully been employed to distinguish between reference and polluted sites and in the laboratory it has been widely used as a mechanistic tool to determine pollutant effects and mechanisms of DNA damage. To date a wide range of marine vertebrates and invertebrates have been used, however, the usefulness of this assay as a biomarker in cnidarians has not yet been assessed. The aims of this study were to optimize the Comet assay for cnidarian cells and to assess its utility for detecting genotoxic damage in these cells. Cells were isolated from the North American pacific coast temperate sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissima using a non-enzymatic dissociation procedure and viability was determined to be in excess of 90%. Cells were incubated either with (1 h acute exposures) hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), ethylmethanesulphonate (EMS) or benzo(a)pyrene (B[a]P). In comparison to other marine species, anemone cells exhibited high control or background levels of DNA strand breaks. Despite this, however, we observed dose responses for each of the study chemicals with no reduction in cell viability. This study demonstrates that anemone cells respond to known DNA damaging agents, including B[a]P which requires metabolism to exert its genotoxic effect, and that the Comet assay may prove to be a useful biomarker of stress in cnidarian species. 相似文献
19.
Comparative oxygen radical formation and toxicity of BDE 47 in rainbow trout cell lines 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) constitute a class of flame retardants whose residues have markedly increased in fish and human tissues during the last decade. In particular, the levels of certain PBDE congeners in salmon have raised concern regarding potential risks associated with dietary PBDE exposures. However, little is known regarding PBDE-mediated cell injury in relevant in vitro cell models. We conducted a comparative study of oxyradical production and cell injury in rainbow trout gill (RTgill-W1) and trout liver cells (RTL-W1) exposed to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE 47), a predominant BDE residue found in fish tissues such as salmonids. Exposure to low micromolar concentrations of BDE 47 elicited a significant loss in RTgill-W1 and RTL-W1 cell viability as measured by alamarBlue assay. The dose-response of BDE toxicity differed among the two cell lines, with the RTL-W1 liver cells showing greater resistance to toxicity at lower BDE 47 doses, but a more dramatic loss of viability relative to gill cells when challenged with higher (50 microM) doses. The sensitivity of the trout liver cells at higher BDE 47 exposures was reflected by a higher basal production of oxygen radical production by 6-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescence that was markedly enhanced in the presence of BDE 47, suggesting an overwhelming of trout liver cell antioxidant defense pathways. Collectively, our data indicate that RTgill-W1 and RTL-W1 liver cells are sensitive to BDE 47-mediated cell injury through a mechanism that may involve oxidative stress. Our data also provide an in vitro basis for potential tissue differences in BDE 47-mediated cell injury. 相似文献