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1.
为促进我国物流业和海洋产业的协调可持续发展,文章综合运用中立型交叉效率模型、熵值法、耦合评价模型和重心迁移模型,选取包括区位熵在内的多层次评价指标,系统评价2008—2018年我国11个沿海地区的物流效率和海洋产业集聚水平,分析二者协调关系的时空格局特征,并提出发展建议。研究结果表明:2008—2018年我国沿海地区的物流效率和海洋产业集聚水平均呈提高趋势,但仍有较大的发展空间,且存在较大的区域差异;物流效率和海洋产业集聚水平的整体耦合协调度不断提高,并由初级协调发展到中级协调,各沿海地区的耦合协调等级从濒临失调到良好协调不等,耦合协调度重心基本呈NE-SW的迁移趋势;改善物流效率和海洋产业集聚水平的协调关系应加强物流基础设施建设、坚持陆海双向联动和促进资源要素流动。  相似文献   

2.
借鉴物理学中的耦合理论,分析沿海城市经济系统、海洋生态环境系统与游艇旅游业系统三者间的耦合协调作用机理;构建耦合评价模型与指标体系,并基于改进的熵值法,对沿海16个游艇旅游发展重点城市三者的耦合度及耦合协调度进行实证研究;运用皮尔逊相关系数法探讨各因素间相互关系。结果表明:沿海城市经济、海洋生态环境和游艇旅游业发展水平的综合评价值并不高,可进一步分为城市经济滞后型、生态环境滞后型和游艇旅游业滞后型三种制约类型;区域内三大系统耦合度较高,但耦合协调度较低且存在明显的区域差异;系统内部各因素间相互关联。鉴于此,提出游艇城市应因地制宜,协调开发与保护关系,深化产业融合等建议,以促进三大系统较高层次的耦合协调发展。  相似文献   

3.
为实现更科学、合理、高效地统筹发展陆海经济,文章从资源利用、经济效益、科技支持、生态环境4个角度,通过构建陆海统筹度评价指标体系,利用层次分析法确定权重,并用耦合协调度模型计算陆海统筹度,以2005—2014年广西沿海地区为例,进行陆海统筹度定量评价。结果表明:(1)2005—2014年广西沿海地区综合能力都呈上升趋势,但是海陆发展呈现出不同的增长态势。(2)海域系统经济增长迅速,但受到资源利用、科技支持、生态环境保护能力的制约,综合得分呈波动缓慢上升的态势。(3)海洋系统与陆域系统之间统筹度逐渐上升,表明政府对陆海统筹协调发展的重视逐渐加大。通过耦合协调度模型定量评价区域的耦合协调发展度,为区域发展规划的制定提供了依据,对地区的建设与发展具有重大的意义。  相似文献   

4.
海洋经济复合系统的协调对于实现海洋经济高质量发展具有重要意义。在高质量发展目标和要求下,构建海洋经济复合系统协调发展评价指标体系,文章采用距离型协调度评价模型,以辽宁省为例,计算其2006—2016年海洋经济复合系统的协调度及各子系统之间的协调度,分析影响协调的因素,并利用基尼系数模型对其协调发展进行预警研究。结果表明:①海洋生态子系统仍是实现海洋经济复合系统协调发展的关键环节;②2006-2016年,辽宁省海洋经济复合系统实现了从严重失调到中度协调的转变,这期间复合系统协调度未超出基尼系数警戒值。  相似文献   

5.
判断我国海洋经济-社会-生态系统耦合协调发展态势对促进我国海洋经济高质量发展具有重要的战略决策参考价值。文章运用耦合协调度模型测度2006—2019年我国海洋经济-社会-生态系统耦合协调度水平,并采用障碍度模型分析其主要障碍因子。研究发现:我国海洋经济子系统和社会子系统综合发展指数均呈显著上升趋势,生态子系统综合发展指数最高但未表现出显著增长态势;2006—2019年我国沿海地区整体耦合协调度水平呈上升趋势,耦合协调等级由勉强协调上升为中度协调,三大海洋经济圈耦合协调度水平由高到低依次为东部海洋经济圈、北部海洋经济圈和南部海洋经济圈;海洋劳动生产率、居民人均消费支出、海洋专业专科及以上在校学生数和治理废水项目完成投资额等是制约我国海洋经济-社会-生态系统耦合协调发展的主要障碍因子。  相似文献   

6.
环渤海地区是我国最具综合优势和发展潜力的经济增长极之一。为促进环渤海地区的生态文明建设和经济可持续发展,文章采用三阶段DEA模型、Malmquist指数和空间自相关分析法,基于2006—2015年环渤海地区17个沿海城市的面板数据,动静态结合分析其生态效率和空间关联特征。研究结果表明:通过引入环境变量和运用相似SFA模型,剔除外部环境和随机误差的影响,可更加准确地测算区域生态效率;各城市的生态效率均有所提高,主要原因是技术进步;区域生态效率同时存在空间的相关性和差异性,空间格局处于动态变化中。  相似文献   

7.
科学构建海洋生态环境承载力系统,深入研究广东省海洋生态环境承载力,有利于促进区域人与自然在平衡状态下实现可持续健康发展,对广东省打造海洋强省具有重要意义。文章基于PSR模型构建评价指标体系,采用熵值法综合评价2008—2017年广东省海洋生态环境承载力,并结合耦合协调度模型分析各子系统的协调发展水平。研究结果表明:广东省海洋生态环境承载力水平总体不断提高,但发展水平仍然较低,且存在下行风险。其中压力指数波动上升,不稳定性高;状态指数较为平稳,水平低且有轻微下滑趋势;响应指数呈现“两头高中间低”的趋势特点,与综合系统走势基本一致。耦合协调发展上,各子系统综合协调指数呈现上升趋势,处于过渡发展阶段,仍具有很大上升空间。  相似文献   

8.
海域承载力是海洋资源利用协调发展的重要指标,本研究旨在根据胶州湾海域资源特征,基于DPSIR模型构建海域承载力评价指标体系,运用熵值法评价2000—2020年胶州湾海域承载力,并运用耦合协调度模型分析胶州湾海域承载力子系统内部的耦合协调度。结果表明,2000—2020年胶州湾海域承载力和耦合协调度变化幅度范围分别为0.70~0.95和0.73~0.85。研究结论如下:1)2000—2020年胶州湾海域承载力处于强可载、近满载状态,总体呈降低趋势;2)在压力层中的对海洋资源的需求是影响海域承载力的主要因素,而GDP (Gross Domestic Product)增长率、海洋渔船数和海洋渔船功率、人均滩涂面积和人均用海面积、主要海洋产业增加值年增长率、人工增殖放流则分别是影响驱动力层、压力层、状态层、影响层、响应层的主要因素;3)2000—2020年间胶州湾海域承载力整体耦合协调度总体呈“初级协调至良好协调”态势。  相似文献   

9.
海水养殖活动与海域生态环境存在交互影响关系。文章基于超效率DEA模型和内梅罗指数评价结果,利用耦合协调关系模型分析了长山群岛2006—2018年海水养殖业和海域生态环境质量之间的关系演变过程。结果表明:(1)长山群岛海水养殖业效率呈倒“U”形变化趋势,其发展水平仍处于粗放式发展阶段,在技术应用和规模效率方面亟待提升;(2)受近岸养殖业快速发展的影响,海域生态环境质量在2006—2013年逐渐变差,2014年以后有所好转;(3)海水养殖与海域生态环境的耦合度经历了从拮抗关系向高度耦合转变,协调度在2006—2011年呈上升趋势,但绝对值较低,2012年以后呈现波动变化,表明人海关系处于博弈状态,矛盾仍较为突出。  相似文献   

10.
文章以环渤海地区17个沿海城市和27个内陆城市为研究对象,系统构建旅游产业发展指数评价体系,采用综合指数评价模型、改进的引力模型和Arcgis10.0地理空间分析等方法,测度环渤海地区沿海与腹地旅游空间联系强度,揭示海陆旅游产业的相互作用关系和时空演化态势。研究表明,环渤海地区沿海城市旅游产业发展水平普遍高于内陆城市,时序上海陆系统的联系逐渐增强,空间上呈现局部聚集和整体分异态势;区域经济发展水平、旅游资源禀赋基础和交通运输体系建设是影响沿海与腹地旅游空间联系强度的主要因素。进而提出促进跨区域产业融合和资源配置、优化旅游开发空间格局、建立整体营销机制等对策建议,以期推动环渤海地区沿海与腹地旅游产业的协同发展。  相似文献   

11.
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance.  相似文献   

12.
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm.  相似文献   

13.
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths.  相似文献   

14.
海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明:土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。  相似文献   

15.
Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations.  相似文献   

16.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(8):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology,  相似文献   

17.
18.
This article presents a methodology developed to evaluate the instability of submarine slopes that extend over a large area. Special attention was paid to (1) the complex geometry (bathymetry) and the expanse of the slope, (2) the heterogeneity of the sediment, and (3) the distribution of the pore pressure. The safety factor was considered as a spatially varying quantity. The General Formulation (GLE, Fredlund and Krahn 1977), which fully satisfies equilibrium conditions, was used for evaluating the stability of the marine slope. The submarine slope failure, which occurred on 16 October 1979 during the construction of the new Nice airport, was studied in order to test the developed model. Geotechnical parameters were taken from experimental tests carried out by IFREMER on 19 cores extracted at different depths (from 27 m to 1300 m) (Cochonat, Bourillet, and Savoye, 1993; Mulder et al., 1994). Many scenarios were proposed in order to explain the cause of the Nice slope failure (Habib, 1994). In this article, two of those scenarios were tested. Simulation results are presented and discussed.  相似文献   

19.
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement.  相似文献   

20.
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested.  相似文献   

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