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1.
珠江口盆地珠三坳陷为南海北部陆缘拉张型含油气盆地。受区域构造应力场变化控制,盆地在构造演化过程中主要经历了三期断裂活动,发育了3种类型断裂,古新世-早渐新世发育NE向伸展断裂,晚渐新世-早中新世发育近EW向走滑伸展断裂,中中新世至今发育NW向走滑伸展断裂。主干断裂和次级断裂的平面组合样式主要有平行式、羽状、雁列式、帚状,剖面组合样式主要有Y字形、阶梯状、负花状。断裂活动对珠三坳陷的油气生成、运移、聚集具有重要的控制作用。控凹的主干断裂活动控制了生烃凹陷的分布和烃源岩的热演化,断裂活动控制形成了多种类型圈闭,长期继承性活动断裂是浅层油气藏形成的主要运移通道。主干断裂带是珠三坳陷油气复式富集成藏的有利区带,文昌凹陷北坡断阶带和琼海凸起、阳江低凸起披覆背斜带也是珠三坳陷油气有利成藏区带。 相似文献
2.
为厘清斜坡带油气运移、聚集、成藏等科学难题,高效指导斜坡带油气勘探,通过综合分析石臼坨凸起东部斜坡区的石油地质特征,提出了"双断-接力"油气运移模式。边界断裂活动性、断面形态及启闭性控制油气由凹陷向凸起垂向运移,并在凸起斜坡区沿新近系馆陶组横向运移,馆陶组顶面形态控制油气横向运移方向;切脊次级断裂控制油气最终聚集成藏。基于QHD33-1S油田区的264个已钻砂体统计,控制砂体成藏的切脊次级断裂(A类断裂),均位于油气优势运移路径上,且断层活动性50 m、切入馆陶组构造脊的规模在4 km以上。勘探实践证实,位于油气优势运移路径上、A类断裂控制下的构造和构造-岩性圈闭是油气成藏的有利区。 相似文献
3.
珠江口盆地白云凹陷东北部具有“内气外油”的分布特点,断裂在油气运聚成藏过程中起到了重要作用。本文主要依据地震资料解释成果,分析断裂发育特征,定量评价断裂输导性能,并结合钻探结果探讨断裂对油气运聚成藏的影响。白云凹陷东北部主要发育NWW向和近EW向正断层,在剖面上表现为铲式和板式形态。根据断裂对油气运聚成藏的影响,划分出油源断裂和控圈断裂。油源断裂在成藏期的活动速率达到20～40 m/Ma,在珠江组下段的断层泥比率多大于50%,而且断面正压力超过了泥岩的极限抗压强度,有利于油气沿断裂发生运移。控圈断裂的活动速率一般都小于20 m/Ma,在珠江组下段的断层泥比率都大于95%,而且断面正压力都小于泥岩的极限抗压强度,侧封性能良好。白云凹陷东北部表现出油气差异聚集成藏的特点,远源反向控圈断裂下盘高效封堵聚集原油,而天然气则主要发生近源聚集。 相似文献
4.
莱州湾西构造带断裂特征及其对油气成藏的控制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
受古近纪莱州湾凹陷大规模断陷、郯庐断裂右旋走滑和垦东凸起大规模隆升三方面因素共同作用,莱州湾西构造带断裂系统发育,根据断裂性质及发育规模将断裂划分为3组不同方向的断裂组合,对油气的运移、聚集及保存都产生重要影响。根据莱州湾地区油气成藏规律并结合渤海其他区域近年勘探成果综合分析,莱北1号断层、斜坡区东西向反向正断层和走滑末端雁行式断层三类大规模调节断层对于油气成藏影响作用较大,这三类断层所控制的圈闭也是莱州湾凹陷及围区下一步勘探获得突破的重点区域。 相似文献
5.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2015,(4)
以南海北部珠江口盆地西部文昌B凹陷构造沉积演化分析为基础,以不同构造带和含油气层系油气成藏特征为依据,将文昌B凹陷及周缘油气运聚成藏模式划分为南部陡坡带扇三角洲骨架砂岩近源垂向运移的古近系断层圈闭聚集成藏模式、南部陡坡带断裂+砂岩垂向运移的新近系背斜圈闭聚集成藏模式、北部缓坡带骨架砂岩近源侧向运移的古近系地层超覆圈闭聚集成藏模式及北部凸起区骨架砂岩+断裂长距离侧向运移的新近系背斜圈闭聚集成藏模式4种类型。在此基础上进一步分析了不同类型油气成藏模式的"源-汇-聚"等油气运聚成藏特征,指出了不同类型油气藏形成与分布的主控因素。同时,根据不同类型油气藏分布富集规律,对文昌B凹陷及周缘有利勘探目标进行了评价预测并经钻探获得了证实,取得了较好勘探成效。 相似文献
6.
渤中坳陷新生代断裂构造特征与油气聚集 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
渤中坳陷断裂构造有其独有的特征, 这表现在①郯庐断裂带表现出明显的分段性,负花状构造发育;②坳陷主体渤中凹陷周围主要断裂面陡且对断,使得渤中凹陷成为“平底锅”式地堑,而不是中国东部盆地中广泛发育的箕状断陷;③耙式断裂系是渤中坳陷上第三系中广泛发育的一种独特的断裂样式,其特征为断裂密集、断面陡、断距小、是浅层油气藏的有利聚集场所。坳陷内主要断裂的长期活动控制了烃源岩的发育与分布, 促进了油气的垂向运移,形成了丰富的圈闭类型,并且对油气的保存条件也有一定的影响。总的来说,断裂带是渤中坳陷有利的油气聚集带。 相似文献
7.
通王断裂带沙河街组油气成藏主控因素研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通王断裂带地区位于济阳坳陷东营凹陷南斜坡东部，沙河街组是本区的主要含油层系。通过烃源岩分析、储集层类型划分、孔隙流体动力场的描述、优质输导体系类型及断裂构造特征的研究，认为牛庄洼陷烃源岩主要为沙四上和沙三段深湖相一半深湖相暗色泥岩、油页岩，油气以生油洼陷为中心，呈环状或半环状分布；沙三段大型三角洲相储集砂体、沙四段中上部的滨浅湖近岸砂坝、远岸砂坝和席状砂岩储层是主要储集层类型；砂体一断层类输导体系是本区优质输导体系，牛庄洼陷北部发育的高压型复式温压系统，使油气顺着断层、砂体向南部通王断裂带常压常温和常压高温区运移。通王断裂带的油气藏主要是受断裂控制的构造油气藏，王家岗油田往西的中浅层是断层类油藏的有利地区，王家岗地区北部和陈官庄地区的西北部，是沙三段隐蔽油气藏以及断层-岩性复合型油气藏勘探的有利勘探地区。 相似文献
8.
9.
珠江口盆地开平凹陷断裂构造特征与动力学机制探讨 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
珠江口盆地作为南海北部陆缘勘探程度较高的含油气盆地,断裂特征分析对认识盆地演化模式和油气成藏机理至关重要。根据高分辨率地震数据和钻井资料对盆地西南部开平凹陷进行精细地震地质解释,依据断裂级别与规模将该区断裂构造类型划分为一级控盆断裂、二级控凹断裂、三级控带断裂以及四级控圈断裂;在地震剖面上识别出“Y”字型断层、阶梯状断层及卷心型断层等多种剖面组合样式;根据断裂平面分布图识别出平行式、雁列式、斜交式3种平面组合类型;定量统计断裂走向特征可知,在右旋应力场作用下,自始新世到早中新世断裂走向持续发生近NE→EW→近NW向的顺时针旋转,且断裂活动性逐渐减弱。并认为受印度?欧亚板块碰撞、太平洋板块俯冲后撤和古南海持续南移的影响,盆地形成典型的伸展拉张应力场环境,促成始新世?渐新世期间近NE向、EW向和中新世期间发育的近NW向3组断裂发育。对开平凹陷的地质构造特征加以解释补充,为南海北缘洋陆过渡带的发育特性和成因机制提供参考。 相似文献
10.
随着勘探程度不断加深，东海西湖凹陷保俶斜坡带全面进入了断层-岩性复合油气藏勘探阶段，位于保俶斜坡中北部的孔雀亭地区是复合油气藏有利发育区。通过对孔雀亭地区复合圈闭发育的构造沉积背景、断裂-古地貌的控砂作用以及分带、分层系油气成藏富集规律研究，明确了孔雀亭地区复合圈闭形成条件、发育模式及油气富集差异控制因素。认为孔雀亭地区西高东低的地貌背景、西部古隆起上发育的多条“U”型及“V”型沟谷，NE向断裂坡折及NW挠曲坡折共同控制了多条水系的平面发育特征及砂体展布，与NE向断层匹配形成了典型的断层-岩性复合圈闭，成为孔雀亭地区重要的勘探领域，取得了断层-岩性圈闭勘探突破。孔雀亭地区不同区带油气富集程度不同，圈闭与有效烃源岩距离、砂体规模、储层物性、断层封堵性等要素的匹配程度控制各带油气富集程度。中低带相对近源，断层未断至浅层，保存条件好，受断坡及挠曲坡折共控，为规模砂体卸载区，物性较好，油气相对最为富集，具有良好的勘探潜力。 相似文献
11.
通过对青东凹陷古近纪的断裂体系和主要同沉积断裂的活动和特征分析,表明区内主要发育NNE、EW、NW向三组断裂体系,NNE向的凹陷边界断裂青东1号断层和EW向的主要二级同沉积断层f1、f2控制了凹陷内次级构造单元的划分,凹陷由北向南依次划分为北部深洼、北部凸起、中部次洼、南部凸起、南部次洼、西南缘缓坡带以及东部陡坡带等7个次级构造单元。研究表明,凹陷内各洼陷的沉降中心在古近纪发生了明显的分异和迁移,这些变化受控于区内主要同沉积断裂的差异活动和演化,青东1号断裂和f3断裂在古近纪的持续活动共同控制了北部深洼的沉积充填,f1和f4断裂分别控制了中部次洼和南部次洼的发育;主要断裂的活动及其组合样式控制着湖底扇、扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲等粗碎屑沉积体系的发育。与生油洼陷相邻的主要同沉积断裂形成的断裂带具备形成砂岩油气藏的各种有利条件,其中东部盆缘断裂带是区内砂岩油气藏勘探最有利的区带。 相似文献
12.
丽水—椒江凹陷是一个中新生代断陷盆地,断裂构造组成了盆地内的主要构造样式。通过对区域断层剖面组合和平面展布特征的研究,识别出8种类型的断层剖面组合形式,在平面上划分了12个断裂系统区。总体来说本区构造具有东西分带、南北分块的特征,即断裂系统沿北东—南西方向成条带状分布,凹陷南部以地堑式组合为主,北部以地垒式为主。区域断裂系统的演变显示凹陷南北基底基岩存在差异,而且基底发育北西—南东向的断层,从而导致凹陷南部构造活动较北部强。 相似文献
13.
Through the analysis of the faults and their internal structure in Zhu I Depression, it is found that the internal structure of the late fault is obviously segmented vertically. It develops unitary structure(simple fault plane) in shallow layers, binary structure(induced fracture zone in hanging wall and sliding fracture zone in footwall) in middle, layers and ternary structure(induced fracture zone in hanging wall and sliding fracture zone in middle,and induced fracture zone in footwall) in deep layers. Because the induced fracture zone is a high porosity and permeability zone, and the sliding fracture zone is a low porosity and ultra-low permeability zone, the late fault in middle layers has the character of "transporting while sealing". The late fault can transport hydrocarbon by its induced fracture zone in the side of the hanging wall and seal hydrocarbon by its sliding fracture zone in the side of the footwall. In deep layers, the late fault has the character of "dual-transportation", induced fracture zones in both sides of hanging wall and footwall can transport hydrocarbon. The early fault that only developed in the deep layers is presumed to be unitary structure, which plays a completely sealing role in the process of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation due to inactivity during the hydrocarbon filling period. Controlled by hydrocarbon source, early/late faults, sand bodies and traps, two reservoir-forming models of "inverted L" and "stereo-spiral"can be proposed in middle layers, while two reservoir-forming models of "cross fault" and "lateral fault sealing"are developed in the deep layers of Zhu I Depression. 相似文献
14.
张扭性断裂带的生长过程与油气穿断运移评价--以珠江口盆地恩平凹陷为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
张扭性断裂带是珠江口盆地普遍发育的断裂类型,是沟通深部烃源岩与中浅部储层的关键,是油气运移、聚集分析的核心环节。以恩平凹陷E18雁列式断裂带为例,基于三维地震、测井和钻井地质数据,采用T-x图、T-z图及活动速率图方法,恢复E18断裂带的生长过程及分段特征,并依据岩性对接、泥岩涂抹、断层岩发育特征,评价油气穿断裂侧向运移的条件。结果表明,E18断裂带在裂陷期是单一断裂,裂后期表现为雁列形态,活动过程包含4个阶段,活动中心由西部转移至中部,大规模生排烃时期最大活动速率可达20m/Ma,形成2个良好的垂向疏导中心,分段特征明显;油气容易穿透E18断裂带珠海组和韩江组下段2套地层发生侧向运移,并且连接部位是最有利于油气穿断运移的部位。E18断裂带生长过程和油气穿断侧向运移的评价有助于认识E18a油田和E18f油田的成藏过程。 相似文献
15.
孤西断裂带下古生界褶皱-块断型潜山油气成藏模式 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过对孤西断裂带下古生界褶皱-块断型潜山油藏的综合研究，总结出孤西潜山带经历印支期挤压逆冲、燕山期拉张负反转和喜马拉雅期拉张断裂改造3个构造演化阶段，形成了受北西向孤西断裂控制的内幕褶皱-块断型潜山带，发育了不整合面风化壳型、潜山内幕孔洞型和构造裂缝型3种储集层类型，进一步厘定了高潜山和低潜山2大类5种潜山油气成藏模式，其中高潜山油气藏模式有风化壳型、反向断块内幕型和地层不整合型，低潜山油气藏模式有反向断块和顺向断块型2种，这对济阳坳陷潜山勘探及多样性潜山理论的完善具有重要意义，为实现成藏规律指导下的潜山勘探奠定了基础。 相似文献
16.
During basin burial, interstitial fluids initially trapped within the sedimentary pile easily move under thermal and pressure gradients. As the main mechanism is linked to fluid overpressure, such fluids play a significant role on frictional mechanics for fault reactivation and sediment deformation.The Lodève Permian Basin (Hérault, France) is an exhumed half-graben with exceptional outcrop conditions providing access to barite-sulfide mineralized systems and hydrocarbon trapped into syn-rift roll-over faults. Architectural studies show a cyclic infilling of fault zone and associated bedding-parallel veins according to three main fluid events during dextral/normal faulting. Contrasting fluid entrapment conditions are deduced from textural analysis, fluid inclusion microthermometry and sulfur isotope geothermometer. We conclude that a polyphase history of trapping occurred during Permian syn-rift formation of the basin.The first stage is characterized by an implosion breccia cemented by silicifications and barite during an abrupt pressure drop within fault zone. This mechanism is linked to the dextral strike-slip motion on faults and leads to a first sealing of the fault zone by basinal fluid mineralization.The second stage consists of a succession of barite ribbons precipitated under overpressure fluctuations, derived from fault-valve action. This corresponds to periodic reactivations of fault planes and bedding-controlled opening localized at sulphide-rich micro-shearing structures showing a normal movement. This process formed the main mineralized ore bodies by the single action of fluid overpressure fluctuations undergoing changes in local stress distribution.The last stage is associated with the formation of dextral strike-slip pull-apart infilled by large barite and contemporaneous hydrocarbons under suprahydrostatic pressure values. This final tectonic activation of fault is linked to late basinal fluids and hydrocarbon migration during which shear stress restoration on the fault plane is faster than fluid pressure build-up.This integrated study shows the interplay action between tectonic stress and fluid overpressure in fault reactivation during basin burial that clearly impact potential economic reservoirs. 相似文献
17.
Geology and hydrocarbon accumulations in the deepwater of the northwestern South China Sea——with focus on natural gas 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
WANG Zhenfeng SUN Zhipeng ZHANG Daojun ZHU Jitian LI Xushen HUANG Baoji GUO Minggang JIANG Rufeng 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(10):57-70
The deepwater of the northwestern South China Sea is located in the central to southern parts of the Qiongdongnan Basin(QDN Basin),which is a key site for hydrocarbon exploration in recent years.In this study,the authors did a comprehensive analysis of gravity-magnetic data,extensive 3D seismic survey,cores and cuttings,paleontology and geochemical indexes,proposed the mechanism of natural gas origin,identified different oil and gas systems,and established the model of hydrocarbon accumulations in the deep-water region.Our basin tectonic simulation indicates that the evolution of QDN Basin was controlled by multiple-phased tectonic movements,such as Indochina-Eurasian Plate collision,Tibetan Uplift,Red River faulting and the expansion of the South China Sea which is characterized by Paleogene rifting,Neogene depression,and Eocene intensive faulting and lacustrine deposits.The drilling results show that this region is dominated by marineterrestrial transitional and neritic-bathyal facies from the early Oligocene.The Yacheng Formation of the early Oligocene is rich in organic matter and a main gas-source rock.According to the geological-geochemical data from the latest drilling wells,Lingshui,Baodao,Changchang Sags have good hydrocarbon-generating potentials,where two plays from the Paleogene and Neogene reservoirs were developed.Those reservoirs occur in central canyon structural-lithologic trap zone,Changchang marginal trap zone and southern fault terrace of Baodao Sag.Among them,the central canyon trap zone has a great potential for exploration because the various reservoirforming elements are well developed,i.e.,good coal-measure source rocks,sufficient reservoirs from the Neogene turbidity sandstone and submarine fan,faults connecting source rock and reservoirs,effective vertical migration,late stage aggregation and favorable structural–lithological composite trapping.These study results provide an important scientific basis for hydrocarbon exploration in this region,evidenced by the recent discovery of the significant commercial LS-A gas field in the central canyon of the Lingshui Sag. 相似文献