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1.
日本海的末次盛冰期   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
日本海末次盛冰期的沉积层几乎都是以交替出现的深色纹层、浅色纹层状和均质沉积物为特征。根据日本海中部和南部两个岩心记录的末次盛冰期的沉积特征和表层海水温度变化,讨论了低海平面时期东亚季风对日本海沉积环境的控制作用。24.2~17.8cal.kaBP,日本海南部纹层沉积的分布均对应了夏季风的相对增强,表明季风降水输入是引起该时期日本海底层水含氧量变化的主要原因。在夏季风的控制下,低盐富营养的东海沿岸水的强弱变化使冲绳海槽北部表层海水温度也在24.2~17.8cal.kaBP期间出现低值并剧烈变化。30~24.2和17.8~15cal.kaBP,受增强的冬季风(夏季风减弱)影响,日本海水体的流通性较强,底层水溶解氧含量相对较高。对23~17.5cal.kaBP日本海的表层海水温度出现异常高值的原因存在很多争论,一般认为是由于季风降雨输入量大于蒸发量、表层水盐度普遍降低、水体出现密度分层、水层间的垂直交换受到限制所致。  相似文献   

2.
基于对日本海南部、中部和西部3个沉积岩芯的综合研究,探讨了末次冰期以来日本海不同区域的沉积作用、环境演化特征及其控制因素。结果发现:在距今8ka以前,日本海南部、中部和西部陆源碎屑物质分别由河流物质、西风携带的风尘物质和海冰输运的物质组成;8ka以来日本海西部沉积物中存在连续分布的火山物质,推测与利曼寒流形成有关,标志着现代日本海表层环流格局的形成。在末次冰期,日本海中部和南部因为水体层化较强,导致底层水通风较弱,而日本海西部则由于盐析作用,通风较强。在冰消期早期,随着海平面上升,东海北部高盐水团再次入侵日本海,改善了日本海深层水体通风条件,但在日本海西部因受到常年海冰覆盖的影响,沉积物氧含量显著减小;在冰消期晚期和早全新世,日本海南部深层水体通风减弱,而在日本海中部和西部通风较好;但8ka以来日本海通风普遍增强。日本海的沉积作用和环境演化受海平面、东亚季风(西风环流)和对马暖流控制,但不同海域对上述3个因子的响应程度存在差异。海平面变化是控制日本海环境变化的首要因子,它直接制约着日本海与周围水体的交换程度;东亚夏季风影响日本海表层水体层化,而东亚冬季风则控制着日本海西部海冰的形成和深层水体垂向对流;8ka以来对马暖流成为控制日本海环境演化的重要因子,它的入侵增强了表层和底层水体交换,提高了日本海深层水体和沉积物溶解氧的更新速率。  相似文献   

3.
通过对日本海Ulleung盆地KCES-1孔元素地球化学分析,探讨了过去48 ka以来日本海古生产力和古氧化还原环境的变化规律和影响因素。多种替代指标质量累积速率(总有机碳、CaCO3,磷、过剩钡、镉含量)显示日本海古生产力自48 ka以来发生了显著的变化。在48~18 ka低海平面和有限的水体交换导致表层水古生产力相对较低。在18~11 ka随着海平面的上升,富营养盐水团(亲潮和东海沿岸流水团)的流入导致古生产力逐渐增大,在12.6~11.5 ka古生产力达到最大值。在全新世对马暖流成为影响古生产力变化的重要因素,并且自5 ka以来古生产力保持相对稳定。古氧化还原替代指标(总有机碳、钼、铀、锰、碳与硫含量之比、自生铀、自生钼含量)显示在12~9 ka日本海底层水可能为无氧环境。古生产力高和底层水体有限的交换是诱发底层水缺氧的主要因素,而这又与全球气候变化和海平面变化有关。  相似文献   

4.
对南黄海中部泥质沉积区中心位置的Z1钻孔进行了AMS14 C年龄、粒度和TOC/TN分析,综合指标结果揭示了中晚全新世以来南黄海区域的沉积环境演化。自6 094aBP以来,沉积速率、平均粒径和TOC/TN整体趋势的减少指示,研究区陆源物质输入的减少与东亚冬/夏季风的减弱有关。根据粒度参数和TOC/TN变化将研究区沉积环境演化分成3个阶段:16.1~5.4ka BP时沉积物粒度最粗,TOC/TN值较高,这与该阶段东亚冬季风的强盛且稳定和黄海暖流的形成初期较弱有关;25.4~3.9ka BP时沉积物粒度减小但波动幅度较大,TOC/TN值呈减小趋势,此阶段东亚冬季风减弱但波动剧烈;33.9~0ka BP时沉积物粒度较细且相对稳定,TOC/TN增加直至趋于稳定,该阶段冬季风减至最弱且趋于稳定。另外岩心记录的6.0、5.3、4.6、4.0和3.4ka BP沉积物粒度明显较粗、TOC/TN值较大与东亚冬季风增强、海区温度较低有关;6.1~5.7ka BP的高速沉积与冬季风强盛有关;2.8~1.9ka BP的高速沉积则与黄海沿岸流和黄海暖流共同作用形成的南黄海中部气旋式冷涡的加强稳固有关。  相似文献   

5.
对日本海西南陆坡对马暖流主流轴下方高沉积速率沉积物柱状样,进行了沉积学和地球化学系统研究,以探讨全新世以来对马暖流在研究区的形成与演化,并得出了与附近地区古海洋学方法非常相近的结果,从而为今后研究区的对马暖流演化研究提供了沉积学和地球化学指标。据此,该柱状样中所记录的对马暖流演化可划分为5个主要阶段。全新世初期(9.6kaBP),对马暖流开始进入日本海,其强度较弱,同时,伴随着富营养东海沿岸水的影响,海底环境由还原性向氧化性转变;6.5kaBP时,对马暖流控制下的日本海南部现代对流模式最终建立起来,东海沿岸水的影响基本消失,随后,对马暖流明显减弱;3.0kaBP时,对马暖流再次增强并基本达到现在水平,且在随后的3ka里保持总体稳定,期间在2.0~0.7kaBP存在一次较弱的减弱过程。  相似文献   

6.
南海北部陆坡区DLW3101孔沉积物特征及古环境意义   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
利用氧同位素地层学方法确定DLW3101孔底部年龄约为306 ka BP,对沉积物进行粒度和地球化学元素分析,结果显示:22.1~63 μm粗粒级组分的高值可用来指示海平面下降和东亚冬季风的强盛,0.35~1.16 μm和2.32~13.14 μm细粒级组分的高值可用来指示海平面上升和东亚夏季风的增强;Al/Ti和K/Ti比值反映的沉积物源区化学风化强度变化可用来指示东亚夏季风的强弱。  相似文献   

7.
通过对日本海Ulleung盆地KCES-1岩心中的主微量元素、稀土元素及粒度的综合分析,探讨了沉积物来源及其控制因素。结合地层年代模型,恢复了研究区48ka以来的古环境记录。结果显示,日本海Ulleung盆地沉积物以陆源碎屑为主,沉积物中主微量元素(Al、K、Fe、Mg、Na、Ti、Th、Sc、Rb、Sr、Cr、Co、Hf、Zr)含量普遍低于平均页岩。稀土元素丰度(ΣREE)为80~213μg/g,与长江、黄河及中国黄土接近,高于日本上地壳。球粒陨石标准化显示,沉积物中轻稀土显著富集,有显著的Eu负异常(0.6~0.8),Ce异常不显著。元素比值(La/Th、Th/Sc)及La/Th-Hf物源性质判别分析显示,研究区沉积物主要来源于上地壳,母岩落入长英质源岩区。在11~18ka,主微量元素的分布特征与11~0ka及48~18ka有显著差异。海平面和全球气候变化是控制主微量元素时空分布的重要因素。化学蚀变指数CIA(45~61)显示沉积物源区化学风化程度较弱,18ka以前风化程度低于18ka以后风化程度,暗示气候由干冷向暖湿转移。这与全球气候变化和东亚夏季风强度变化趋势一致。  相似文献   

8.
本文基于POM海洋模式,通过改变地形条件进行了不同海平面下的数值实验,探讨了日本海表层环流场对海平面变化的响应。研究表明:随着海平面的下降,日本海南部的对马暖流及其分支逐渐减弱,海平面降低至-90 m和-100 m时,对马暖流的东朝鲜暖流分支和日本近岸分支几乎消失;而日本海北部的寒流强度基本保持不变,仅寒流主轴位置逐渐向北移动。且海平面的下降使对马海峡流量逐渐减小,进而导致对马暖流的强度逐渐减弱,影响范围也不断缩小。研究结果对过去古海洋海平面变化过程中日本海表层环流的改变问题具有一定的参考和依据。  相似文献   

9.
通过对南海北部陆坡KNG5孔沉积物粒度、粘土矿物和14C年龄的综合分析, 探讨了南海北部陆坡的沉积物来源及其控制因素。物源分析表明, KNG5孔17.5-12.5ka BP的沉积物主要来源于珠江, 12.5ka BP 时粘土矿物组合突然发生改变, 并且自12.5ka BP以后, 高岭石含量总体稳定, 说明12.5ka BP时海平面已上升到相当的高度, 并且可能当时南海的现代环流系统已开始形成, 西行的广东沿岸流导致向外扩散的珠江物质减少, 由于受北太平洋深层水(NPDW)和黑潮(KC)南海分支的作用, 台湾成为此时沉积物的主要贡献者。KNG5孔17.5-11ka BP时期的粘土矿物和粒度变化主要受控于海平面和洋流系统的变化。全新世早期(11.0-8ka BP)平均粒径达到最细和1-2.2m 粒级含量达到最高值可能是强盛的夏季风作用的结果。全新世中晚期(8—0ka BP) 1-2.2?m组分含量的减少是8ka BP以来东亚夏季风减弱的具体体现, 1-2.2m 粒级含量指示的东亚夏季风变化能和北半球其它季风指标能很好地对应起来, 说明这次季风减弱是北半球各个季风系统的共同现象。  相似文献   

10.
日本海作为西北太平洋一个主要的边缘海,其巨厚的海底沉积物不仅记录了海盆的古海洋演化信息,而且可用以重建晚新生代东亚大陆古气候演变。根据物质来源,日本海沉积物组成主要包括5类:风尘、河流碎屑、火山碎屑、冰筏沉积物以及海洋自生物质。其中陆源碎屑物质主要由大气环流(东亚冬季风和西风急流)和水动力过程(河流、海冰和洋流等)自东亚大陆(内陆干旱粉尘区和东部大河黄河和长江)、朝鲜半岛以及日本岛弧等源区搬运而来。过去气候演变使碎屑物质的源区和搬运动力强度等均发生变化,相应地,日本海中这些沉积物的物理化学组成、粒度及通量等也随之变化。第四纪时期,海平面的频繁升降变化成为影响冰期-间冰期旋回中日本海底层水环境以及沉积物自生组分特征改变的主要因素。基于近20年来日本海沉积物的来源及其古气候方面的研究进展综述,提出一些关于日本海区域沉积物以及古气候研究方面存在的科学问题。  相似文献   

11.
The present study is based on the sedimentological data from a piston core KCES1 off the southern Ulleung Basin margin, the East Sea (Sea of Japan). The data include sediment color (L*), X-ray radiographs, grain size distribution and AMS14C date. Four kinds of sediments (homogeneous, laminated, crudely laminated and hybrid sediments) are identified according to the characters of the sedimentary structures that were considered to reflect changes in bottom-water oxygenation. Alternations of dark laminated/crudely laminated sediments and light homogeneous sediments represent millennial-scale variations that are possibly associated with the high-resolution changes in the East Asian monsoon (EAM). The relative contributions of the East China Sea Coastal Water (ECSCW) and the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC) were likely the main reasons for the repetition of the anoxic and oxic depositional conditions in the East Sea since the last 48 ka BP. During the interstadial, the strengthen summer EAM was attributed to the expansion of the ECSCW because of more humid climate in central Asia, and then more strongly low-salinity, nutrient-enriched water was introduced into the East Sea. The ventilation of deep water was restricted and therefore the dark laminated layer deposited under the anoxic bottom water condition. During the lowest stand of sea level in the last glacial maximum (LGM), the isolated East Sea dominated by stratiˉed water masses and the euxinic depositional environment formed. The homogenous sediments have been predominating since 17.5 ka BP indicating that the TWC has intruded into the East Sea gradually with the stepwise rise of sea level and the bottom water oxygen level was high. During the late Younger Dryas (YD) period, the last dark laminated layer deposited because the ventilation of bottom water was restricted by stronger summer EAM. The TWC strengthened and the bottom water became oxic again from 10.5 ka BP.  相似文献   

12.
During New Euxinian time when sea level dropped below the sill connecting the Black and Marmara seas, the Black Sea became isolated and freshwater sediments were deposited. Now it is a semieuxinic basin with the oxic/anoxic boundary at 100–150 m. The seasonal changes in sedimentation are preserved in the form of laminated sequences. The counting of varves in southeastern Black Sea cores show the chronology of the O2/H2S interface. The age of the Holocene sapropel along the eastern margin ranges from 4000 to 1000 yr BP in deep water and 2500—1000 yr BP in shallower water. Sapropel formation started at 3650 yr BP at a water depth of 2200 m.  相似文献   

13.
东、黄海沉积物-水界面营养盐交换速率的研究   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
2000年10月和2001年5月随“东方红2号”考察船在东、黄海进行考察,在A2、E2、E4、E5、E65个站位作了培养实验,研究沉积物-水界面在氧化和还原条件下的交换通量。在东海海域,NO3-、PO43-、总磷(TDP)由水向沉积物中扩散,NH4 、SiO32-由沉积物向水中扩散,NO3-、TDP、NH4 在还原条件下的交换通量大于氧化条件下的交换通量,PO43-、SiO32-在氧化还原条件下的交换通量基本一致。在黄海海域,两站位各溶解态营养盐的迁移方向有较大差异。在距离陆地较近的海域,各溶解态营养盐多由水中向沉积物中扩散,且距离陆地越近,交换通量越大。在东、黄海海域,沉积物释放的SiO32-对初级生产力的贡献分别为13%、10%~18%,与河流输送和大气沉降相比,沉积物对黄海、东海SiO32-的贡献分别占90%、86%,说明沉积物是SiO32-的源。而在整个东、黄海海域,对于溶解无机氮(DIN)和PO43-来说,它们的交换通量为负值,即沉积物从水体中吸附溶解无机氮和磷,说明沉积物是DIN和PO43-的汇。  相似文献   

14.
Based on seismic profiles, multibeam bathymetry and sediment cores, an improved understanding of the deglaciation/postglacial history of the southern part of the Norwegian Channel has been obtained. The Norwegian Channel Ice Stream started to recede from the shelf edge ca. 15.5 ka BP (14C ages are used throughout). Approximately 500–1000 years later the ice margin was located east of the deep Skagerrak trough. At that time, the Norwegian Channel off southern Norway had become a large fjord-like embayment, surrounded by the grounded ice sheet along the northern slope and possibly stagnant ice remnants at the southern flank. The Norwegian Channel off southern Norway has been the main sediment trap of the North Sea, and south of Egersund more than 200 m of sediments have been deposited since the start of the deglaciation. Five seismic units are mapped. The oldest unit E occurs in some of the deepest troughs, and was deposited immediately after the ice became buoyant. Unit D is acoustically massive and comprises mass-movement deposits in eastern Skagerrak and south of Egersund. Unit C (in the channel southwest of Lista/Egersund) is interpreted to comprise mainly bottom current deposits derived from palaeo-rivers, e.g. Elben. During deposition of unit C (ca. 14.5–13 ka BP), there was limited inflow of Atlantic water. A change in depositional environment at ca. 13 ka BP is related to an increased inflow of saline water and more open hydrographic circulation. Widely distributed, acoustically stratified clays of unit B were deposited ca. 13–10 ka BP. The Holocene Unit A shows a depositional pattern broadly similar to that of unit B.  相似文献   

15.
The uppermost 5–6 cm of the sediments (between 8 and 2248 m water depths) were studied to understand the effects of varying redox conditions on the Mn distribution in the recent sediments of the Black Sea. It was found that most Mn concentrations are consistent with the average abundance in crustal and/or sedimentary rocks. There exist no important differences between Mn concentrations in oxic (shallower water; <70 m) and anoxic (deeper water; 120 m) sediments. Previously reported Mn-enrichment above the Black Sea oxic/anoxic interface, due to the peculiar redox cycling, shows no significant contribution of Mn to the bottom sediments. A marked relationship between total Mn concentrations and clay/mud contents at shelf depth along the southern Black Sea margin indicates increased accumulation of Mn in association with the fine-grained particles and eastward water circulation.  相似文献   

16.
利用元素及同位素地球化学方法研究了冲绳海槽中部沉积物岩芯中有机碳及磷的地球化学特征及影响因素。结果表明,冲绳海槽沉积速率(16.5~32.5 cm/ka)变化小,不是沉积物中有机碳埋藏的重要影响因素。相对于全新世氧化性底水环境,末次盛冰期/冰消期冲绳海槽缺氧底水环境提高了沉积物对有机碳的埋藏效率。冲绳海槽沉积物中各形态磷的相对含量与其他边缘海沉积物中的相似。交换态磷(Ex-P)含量低、变化小。末次盛冰期/冰消期缺氧底水环境下铁氧化物的还原溶解导致铁结合磷(Fe-P)释放以及自生磷矿物(Au-P)的形成。全新世氧化性底水条件有利于铁氧化物的有效再生及对磷的再吸附,但不利于Au-P的保存。总有机碳(TOC)和有机磷(Org-P)之间良好的相关性表明TOC埋藏对Org-P含量的重要控制作用。冲绳海槽沉积物中碎屑磷(De-P)含量低于长江口及东海陆架沉积物中的含量,这与陆源碎屑向外海传输减弱有关。在约9.3 ka BP(岩芯200 cm深度),TOC、Fe-P、Org-P、De-P以及FeHR均出现的极小值可能由物质坡移造成。  相似文献   

17.
皮仲  李铁刚  类彦立 《海洋学报》2019,41(11):75-88
海陆交互作用下的南黄海沉积环境复杂,其沉积机制一直是古海洋研究的重点和难点。本文以取自南黄海中部泥质区的Z1岩心为载体,对196个样品的粒度和整体有机质指标(TOC、TN、TOC/TN和δ13Corg)进行了详细分析,并对5个层位进行AMS14C年龄测定,分辨率高达11 a/cm。研究结果显示,6.1 ka BP以来南黄海中部沉积过程可分为3个阶段:(1) 6.1~5.2 ka BP,沉积物粒度较粗,以残留砂和陆源粗粒物质为主,有机质含量较低且主要为陆源输入,本阶段多受东亚季风强盛的影响,动荡海洋环境下有机质保存效率低,大量陆源输入冲淡作用显著;(2) 5.2~3.9 ka BP,沉积物粒度变细且波动较大,有机质呈增加趋势且以海源为主,主要受东亚冬季风减弱的影响,海源有机质含量增加,与黄海暖流影响增强有关;(3) 3.9~0 ka BP,沉积物粒度最细且相对稳定,有机质含量继续增加,直至1.9 ka BP趋于稳定,主要受现代环流系统和东亚冬季风影响。结果表明,南黄海粒度和整体有机质指标变化过程复杂,显示中全新世以来南黄海中部泥质区沉积环境演化的复杂性。本研究获得了南黄海高分辨率的沉积环境演化记录,不仅为沉积机制研究提供更多数据支撑,还可为区域古气候和古海洋演化提供关键的指示证据。  相似文献   

18.
The East/Japan Sea is a mid-latitude marginal sea that has undergone dramatic changes during the last 50–60 years. One of the most prominent characteristics of these changes is a rapid decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen in deep waters. As a consequence of these changes, some investigators have even argued that the East/Japan Sea might become an anoxic sea in the next 200 years. While the causes of these changes are still under investigation, it has been shown that they are mainly due to modifications in the mode of the deep water ventilation system in the East/Japan Sea: a slowdown and complete cessation of bottom water formation accompanied by an enhancement of upper water formation instead. A simple moving-boundary box model (MBBM) was developed in order to analyze and quantify the processes involved in such changes over the last 50–60 years. Using a MBBM, we estimated the levels of several conservative chemical tracers (CFCs, Tritium, SF6, 137Cs) and bioactive tracers (oxygen and phosphate) in the deep water masses of the East/Japan Sea, comparing these with the historical data available, and making predictions for the near future. The model predicts that the East/Japan Sea should remain well-oxygenated, despite recent rapid oxygen decreases in its deep waters, accompanied by such structural changes as a shrinking of its oxygen-depleted deeper waters and an expansion of its oxygen-rich upper waters over the next few decades.  相似文献   

19.
以东海内陆架S05-2孔沉积物为研究对象, 进行了加速质谱仪(AMS)14C年龄测定、粒度测试、粘土矿物及地球化学元素含量分析。研究表明: 东海内陆架泥质区南部水动力环境强, 沉积物主要以粉砂为主; 4870a BP以来研究区的物源以台湾岛河流物质为主, 长江和黄河物质在不同阶段存在间歇物质作用。通过元素比值、敏感粒级、粘土矿物含量比等季风气候指标, 指示了研究区的季风气候自4870a BP以来存在稳定、增强、减弱、再次增强的4个季风气候强度变化期。  相似文献   

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