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1.
在广西龙门岛潮间带取得了长度为97 cm的LM01柱,在210Pb定年的基础上对沉积物的粒度、生源要素(TOC、TN、TP)、油类以及重金属(Hg、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr和As)等指标进行了综合分析.研究发现.潮间带沉积物的粒度在近60年来有明显的"细化"趋势;各种污染要素的含量在近30年来也急剧增加,但仅Cu和... 相似文献
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系统地在胶州湾潮间带获取表层沉积物样品,对沉积物中有机污染物(有机质、石油类),重金属(Hg,Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Cr,As)及硫化物进行了定量测定;对潮间带中各物质的主要污染来源和空间分布特征进行了分析。结果表明:胶州湾潮间带沉积物中主要污染分别来源于工业排污和生活污水的排放,交通污染的降水、降尘等。调查区重金属对该海域的生态危害程度从大到小为HgAsCuCdPbCrZn,与其他海域相比较,胶州湾潮间带中Hg和Cu的污染尤为突出。 相似文献
3.
胶州湾、莱州湾潮间带沉积物污染比较 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
系统地在胶州湾、莱州湾潮间带获取表层沉积物样，对沉积物中有机污染（有机质，石油类）、重金属（汞，铜，铅，锌，镉，铬，砷）、营养盐（总磷，总氮，总碳）、硫化物进行了定量测定。分析结果表明：除镉、总磷外，各物质在胶州湾潮间带的质量分数普遍大于在莱州湾潮间带内的质量分数；Q型聚类分析将两湾分成两类，受到工业排污、生活污水等人为因素影响严重的胶州湾东部为一类，而受人为因素影响较小的胶州湾西部和莱州湾等其余站位为一类；胶州湾潮间带生态危害程度要高于莱州湾潮间带。 相似文献
4.
为了解福建三沙湾滩涂表层沉积物污染现状,对三沙湾滩涂表层沉积物中7种重金属污染物(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg、As)、非金属污染物(有机碳、硫化物、油类、总磷和总氮)含量及氧化还原电位Eh、pH值进行了检测及相关性分析,并应用单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对其进行综合评价。结果表明,表层沉积物重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg和As平均含量分别为20.9、49.9、110.4、0.136、46.6、o.028、6.64 mg/kg,油类、硫化物、有机碳、总磷、总氮平均含量分别为36.5 mg/kg、38.4 mg/kg、0.76%、0.42%、0.12%。Eh变化范围在-178~171 mV之间,平均值为-56.4mV,pH的变化范围在6.74~7.06,均值是6.91。除Cu和Zn外,其他各重金属之间没有显著相关性(P0.05);除重金属Cu与有机碳和总氮、Zn与总氮、Hg与油类之间存在着显著或极显著相关关系外(P0.05),其他重金属与非金属污染物之间相关性均不显著(P0.05);非金属污染物之间相关系数较低;Eh与硫化物呈现显著相关(P0.05)。重金属单因子指数依次为Pb(2.00)Zn(1.38)Cr(0.78)Cu(0.70)As(0.44)Cd(0.27)Hg(0.14),Cu、Cd、Hg、Cr、As为低污染,Pb、Zn为中污染;重金属内梅罗综合污染指数平均值为1.53,属中污染水平。单项重金属潜在生态风险参数依次为Pb(9.98)Cd(8.16)Hg(5.52)As(4.43)Cu(3.49)Cr(1.55)Zn(1.38),潜在生态风险指数(RI)为34.51,属于低潜在生态风险。该滩涂属于两种非金属污染物含量超标中的N、P含量超标亚类。 相似文献
5.
文章根据岙山监测浮标周边海域2015年9-12月水质调查资料,采用水质有机污染指数(A)、富营养化指数(E)和营养状态质量指数(NQI)等进行评价。结果表明:岙山监测浮标周边海域水质化学需氧量(COD)、溶解氧(DO)、油类(oils)符合二类海水水质标准,无机磷(DIP)和无机氮(DIN)含量均超过二类海水水质标准,DIP最高为0.048mg/L,DIN最高为0.753mg/L,总磷(TP)各月平均含量范围0.098~0.185mg/L,总氮(TN)各月平均含量范围0.650~0.818mg/L,叶绿素a(Chl a)含量基本稳定,DIN是主要的超标污染因子;富营养化评价结果显示,岙山监测浮标周边海域水质富营养程度严重,E值最高达9.10,NQI值最高为4.58;有机污染评价结果表明,岙山监测浮标周边海域水质总体处于轻度污染状态,A值最小为10月的1.90,最大为12月的2.73;使用A值、E值和NQI值方法同时对岙山监测浮标周边海域进行评价,其结果变化的一致性较好。 相似文献
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舟山朱家尖岛潮间带软体动物的群落生态：Ⅰ.岩相生态学的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
五十年代中期吴宝华曾对舟山群岛的双壳类软体动物作过报道,其中提到有数种分布于朱家尖岛潮间带;八十年代初蔡如星等在进行全省海岸带生物调查过程中就该岛潮间带动物做过定点观察。但是对该岛潮间带软体动物的生态学研究尚未见专题报告。随着朱家尖旅游胜地的开发和对外开放,搞清该岛生物分布及其资源状况,进行合理地规划和利用就显得十分紧迫;在动物区系划分上,该岛正处在北太平洋区的远东亚区和印度西太平洋区的中国—日本亚区的过渡带上,了解该岛的生物组成和群落结构在区系区划上也具有一定意义。为此我们于1986年2月到1987年1月对该岛潮间带的软体动物进行了逐月连续采集,获得了丰富的生态学资料。现就该岛潮间带岩相软体动物的群落组成、垂直分布以及数量的季节变化提出报告,以供水产和环保部门参考。 相似文献
8.
小洋山码头潮间带地区海水及生物体内重金属污染特征的分析与评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探明洋山港运行对周边海域的环境影响,本文对洋山港码头所在地小洋山港潮间带地区表层海水及生物体内重金属的污染程度进行深入分析与评价。结果表明,表层海水中重金属以Zn和Hg的污染为主;生物体内主要累积重金属为Cu和Zn,其中小结节滨螺体内重金属含量最高,富集系数最大,可作为小洋山码头地区海水重金属生物可利用性的指示物种;生物体内重金属形态和组织分布的结果表明,Cu、Pb、Cd和Zn以水溶态存在的比例较小,且主要存在于肌肉组织中,而As和Hg主要以不溶态的形式存在于非肌肉组织中;重金属在不同生物种类体内分布的差异显著,粗糙滨螺体内重金属以水溶态存在的比例最大,海蟑螂的重金属大多都存在于其肌肉组织中。食用僧帽牡蛎肌肉部分的日限制量(265.80g)明显高于食用其全部软组织(46.74g),且前者还与背景海水的重金属污染特征有较好的一致性,能较准确的反映海水重金属的污染程度。 相似文献
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根据2006年10月对长兴岛潮间带表层沉积物的监测数据,采用单因子污染指数法和Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法分别对重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg)和多氯联苯7种化学要素的污染状况及其生态风险程度进行了分析和评价.结果显示:长兴岛沉积物总体处于低污染水平和低潜在生态风险水平,但重金属Cd处于中等污染水平和中等潜在生态风险水平,为主要的污染要素和潜在生态风险因子.处在青草沙水库区域的B1样点的局部Hg污染和潜在生态风险应当引起注意. 相似文献
11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
14.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
15.
V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
16.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
17.
I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
18.
I. G. Ostrovskaya 《Physical Oceanography》1992,3(5):397-403
Three mathematical models are considered: a two-dimensional model for calculating the concentration fields of the ecosystem components on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea, a pointwise model for the annual variation of the components, and a two predators-prey model. These models are used to study the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the state of the shelf ecosystem and for research into the causes which distort the balance between marketable and unmarketable fish.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. 相似文献
19.
Al. A. Shreider 《Oceanology》2007,47(1):91-103
The first data on the temporal evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea are obtained. The sharp change in the rate of the decrease in the slope steepness that occurred in the Late Miocene-Pliocene time reflects a reorientation of the vector of mutual movement and a related intensification of the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates. 相似文献
20.
The study of the sedimentary body of the Bransfield Strait has made it possible to identify several sedimentary complexes, to construct the first electronic charts for the acoustic basement, and to establish four stages of the evolution of its floor, which updates the previous knowledge about the formation of the strait. At the first stage, there was an increase in tension stresses that were accompanied by the local splits of the continental crust at the periphery of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the second stage, a graben-like structure filled with the Lower stratigraphic complex was formed northward of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the third stage, the continuing processes of extension led to intensive explosive activity of the growing volcanic structures and filling of the graben with sediments of the Middle seismostratigraphic complex. The fourth stage, which has continued until recently, is characterized by quasi-linear localization of the major centers of volcanic activity in the band closer to the South-Shetland Islands and the formation of the Upper seismostratigraphic sedimentary complex. The evolution of the floor of the Bransfield Strait reflects the process of penetration of the American-Antarctic ridge to the continental lithosphere of the Antarctic Peninsula for the last million years. 相似文献