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东海沿岸海水表层温度的变化特征及变化趋势 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
根据东海沿岸引水船、嵊山、大陈、南麂、北礵、平潭、厦门和东山8个海洋观测站的40a表层海水温度(SST)资料进行了统计与分析.研究结果表明:东海沿岸SST主要受制于太阳辐射,呈南高北低分布,但也不同程度地受到当地地理环境、气候环境、水文环境的影响;SST的年变化具有显著的年周期和半年周期;东海沿岸SST存在多种显著周期的振荡,且南北测站SST的主导振荡有差异;就近40a的资料而言,东海沿岸的SST总体呈上升趋势,其中冬季上升幅度最大,暖冬是SST总体呈上升趋势的重要因素. 相似文献
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用统计学的方法对浙江沿岸海平面进行了研究, 采用多种海平面上升预测模式进行了计算和预测, 结果表明: 浙江沿岸的海平面存在明显的季节变化, 其变化曲线浙北、浙中沿岸为单峰型, 而浙南沿岸为双峰型, 南北地域差异较大。浙江沿岸过去30 a 间海平面平均上升速率为(2.63±0.06) m m /a。研究还表明, 未来浙江沿岸海平面还将上升, 按模式计算, 至2050年上升29 cm , 到2100 年估计上升值为60 cm 。 相似文献
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基于2003—2015年的国产自主SST多源遥感融合数据,以中国南海及邻近海域为研究区,开展了SST时空分布和变化特征分析,结果表明:SST的空间分布总体呈现南高北低的特点,在研究区内,纬度每降低1°,SST增大约0.19℃,在近赤道区域,纬度每降低1°,SST约增大0.30℃;SST区域极大值的季节变化特征明显,冬季SST极大值均分布于5°N以南海域,夏季多分布于15°N以北海域,春秋两季分布介于冬春两季之间,秋季略偏向南海北部,春季略偏向南海南部。从时间变化上看,研究区SST呈现震荡上升趋势,上升速率约0.04℃/a;南海南部SST变化比较平缓,SST年变化速率一般小于0.04℃/a;近岸海域受人类活动的影响,SST年变化速率一般在0.05℃/a以上;在河口沿岸海域,受温度较低的冲淡水影响,SST升温不明显。 相似文献
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基于遥感数据,采用功率谱和相关性分析等方法,研究了长江口邻近海域海表温度(SST)的时空变化特征以及影响因素。结果表明:1982—2017年长江口邻近海域的SST 整体表现为每10 a升温约0.48 °C的趋势,且具有10.0,3.6,2.4和1.0 a的振荡周期。长期以来,冬、春、夏、秋四季的长江口邻近海域SST总体呈现升温趋势,其中春季的升温趋势最显著,而秋季变化趋势最不明显。研究海区的SST呈现明显西北—东南向温度递增的分布特征。此外,长江口径流量的变化对邻近海域的SST具有一定影响,从多年变化来看,径流量增大(减小),长江口邻近海域SST随之升高(降低),从月变化来看,3月、4月和9月的长江径流对SST有影响。气温对SST具有一定的强迫作用,大气温度的总体趋势是升高的,通过海气相互作用进行热传输,从而造成长江口邻近海域SST升温。 相似文献
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珠江口近30a的SST变化特征分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据珠江口多个定点站近30a表层海水温度（SST）实测资料和气象站观测的气温资料，使用功率谱和小波分析方法，计算分析珠江口SST变化特点、上升趋势及其与El Nino／La Nino的响应关系．结果表明各月SST存在着1-2℃的海域差异，SST的年较差达10～11℃，SST的季节变化与全球气候变暖呈显著相关．1971-2003年SST呈显著上升趋势，其线性上升率为0．019～0．034℃／a，且珠江口外高于口内．El Nino／La Nino事件对珠江口SST变化的影响并非单一的对应关系． 相似文献
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分别利用了来自NOAA和Hadley中心的SST(Sea Surface Temperature)资料,分析了全球海域每个网格点上SST的变化趋势,并将两种资料分析的结果进行比较。研究发现:近150a期间,全球大部分海域的SST以0.003℃.a-1左右的速度显著性逐年线性递增,仅在格陵兰南部海域和两极部分海域呈显著的逐年线性递减趋势;NOAA的SST变化趋势的区域性差异比Hadley的SST明显,但后者变化趋势的强度稍大于前者;不同海域SST的逐年变化趋势由不同的季节主导;在1910年为近150a来SST的最低点,之后缓慢上升,在1942年附近达到1个相对高点,而后略有下降,但很快又恢复上升趋势,上升趋势一直延续至今。 相似文献
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利用来自英国气象局Hadley中心的海表温度(SST—Sea SurfaceTemperature)资料,计算了近百余年来(1870—2010年)西北太平洋SST的整体变化趋势、变化趋势的区域性差异、季节性差异、变化周期、突变形势,结果表明:(1)近百余年来,西北太平洋的SST整体上以3.9×10-3℃/a的速度显著性逐年线性递增。在1870—1910年期间表现出缓慢的递减趋势,1910—1930年期间的SST为近百余年来的波谷,曲线走势非常平缓,1930年以后,SST持续性递增至今;(2)西北太平洋大部分海域的SST表现出显著性逐年线性递增趋势,近海的递增趋势强于大洋。近海的递增趋势基本都在3×10-3℃/a以上,福建和广东沿岸、台湾周边海域、琉球群岛-日本一带周边海域的递增趋势最为强劲,基本在9×10-3℃/a以上,高值中心可达12×10-3℃/a以上;仅在鄂霍次克海西部近海呈显著的递减趋势,-15×10-3—-9×10-3℃/a;(3)西北太平洋SST的变化趋势表现出较大的季节性差异,秋冬两季的递增趋势强于春夏两季。鄂霍次克海的SST在冬春两季表现出显著性递减趋势,在秋季则表现出显著性递增趋势,夏季为过渡季节;(4)西北太平洋海域的SST存在多种尺度的变化周期:具有显著的2.1—2.3年、2.6—3.0年、3.3—3.8年、4.1—4.3年、4.7—6.0年、6.9—9.0年的显著性变化周期,以及45年以上的长周期震荡。近百余年来,西北太平洋海域的SST并不存在显著的突变现象。 相似文献
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利用环日本岛沿岸38个验潮站连续36 a的实测水位资料,分析了环日本岛沿岸平均海平面的长期变化特征,结果表明平均海平面的异常变化在1984年前后发生较大转折,近20多年来主要呈现持续上升趋势,部分站位在1997年前后也有较明显的下降趋势,表明海平面的长期变化中存在较长周期的波动情况。通过对所有验潮站的日平均海平面序列进行平均,发现与西北太平洋SST异常变化呈正相关,相关系数为0.908;与太平洋年代际变化(PDO)指数呈负相关,相关系数为-0.6;与西北太平洋风旋度场的异常变化呈正相关,相关系数为0.402。结果表明环日本岛沿岸平均海平面的长期变化受到海水热膨胀效应、太平洋年代际变化以及风应力引起的海水堆积和流失等因素的影响。同时,发现从2000年开始西北太平洋的SST开始下降,而平均海平面仍然在持续上升,其上升原因还需作进一步研究与探讨。 相似文献
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近几十年,全球气候变化背景下的海面温度(Sea Surface Temperature,SST)呈现越来越显著的非线性和非稳定变化特征,并且在局部海区表现得更加明显。为全面认识海面温度的长期演变过程,本研究基于1982—2021年间AVHRR海表温度遥感数据,利用多项式回归趋势分类方法,系统分析了黄海和渤海(黄渤海) SST近40 a的长期变化及时空分布格局。结果显示:从1982年到2021年,黄渤海SST以0.020℃/a的平均速度净增加约0.772℃,增温幅度呈现明显的空间异质性和季节非对称性;从空间上来看,SST变化趋势呈现明显的西高东低的特征;从季节上来看,SST变化趋势呈现春夏季高、秋冬季低的特征;受2012年前后全球增温暂缓事件的影响,黄渤海58.87%的区域表层SST呈现显著的非线性(二次或三次多项式)趋势,20.62%的区域表现为隐藏的非线性趋势,4.21%的区域未呈现明显的趋势。结果表明,在海面温度长期变化研究中应进一步关注其空间异质性、季节对称性以及趋势的非线性特征。 相似文献
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中国近海海温年际年代际振荡关键海区分析研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用HADLEY中心的HadISST的海温资料、NCEP的大气资料、国家气象局发布的74个月平均环流指数和美国华盛顿大学的PDO指数,讨论研究了中国近海海温的年际年代际振荡。通过对我国近海海温的EOF分析,可以发现我国近海30 N附近是海温年际年代际振荡信号最强的关键区,它占了总量的58.2%,与澳大利亚东北沿海海温年代际振荡有相同的周期,最明显周期是44—45年,滞后PDO信号近15年左右。该关键区海温与澳大利亚东北沿海海温都还存在1年、5年和15年的振荡,它们的相关系数达到0.604,属于同一个模态。另外,1年的海温振荡信号除了澳大利亚东北沿岸以外,还沿着西太平洋海岸线分布,因此中国近海海温年际年代际振荡不是一种局地现象,而与太平洋海温变化有关。另外,它是海气相互作用的结果,与中高纬度的东亚大槽和低纬度太平洋印度洋的风场、西太平洋副高和南海副高、大气温度场甚至南半球环流有明显的关系。 相似文献
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用沿岸上升流指数分析中国东南沿岸风生上升流的特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对1968年1月到2007年12月中国东南沿海(17°N～30°N,109°E～123°E)上升流指数月平均数据进行分析,结论如下:(1)风生沿岸上升流主要在4-8月间发生于海南岛东部、雷州半岛东部、汕头以北至浙江沿岸.(2)风生沿岸上升流的强度具有时空分布变化特征,其中海南岛东部沿岸上升流最强,浙江沿岸其次;整个中国... 相似文献
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Tariq Masood Ali Khan D. A. Razzaq Qamar-Uz-Zaman Chaudhry Dewan Abdul Quadir Anwarul Kabir Majajul Alam Sarker 《Marine Geodesy》2002,25(1):159-174
The UNEP in its regional seas program in 1989 has included Pakistan in a group of countries which are vulnerable to the impact of rising sea level. If the present trend of sea level rise (SLR) at Karachi continues, in the next 50 years the sea level rise along the Pakistan Coast will be 50 mm (5 cm). Since the rising rates of sea level at Karachi are within the global range of 1-2 mm/year, the trends may be treated as eustatic SLR. Historical air temperature and sea surface temperature (SST) data of Karachi also show an increasing pattern and an increasing trend of about 0.67°C has been registered in the air temperature over the last 35 years, whereas the mean SST in the coastal waters of Karachi has also registered an increasing trend of about 0.3°C in a decade. Sindh coastal zone is more vulnerable to sea level rise than Baluchistan coast, as uplifting of the coast by about 1-2 mm/year due to subduction of Indian Ocean plate is a characteristic of Baluchistan coast. Within the Indus deltaic creek system, the area nearby Karachi is more vulnerable to coastal erosion and accretion than the other deltaic region, mainly due to human activities together with natural phenomena such as wave action, strong tidal currents, and rise in sea level. Therefore, The present article deals mainly with the study of dynamical processes such as erosion and accretion associated with sea level variations along the Karachi coast and surrounding Indus deltaic coastline. The probable beach erosion in a decade along the sandy beaches of Karachi has been estimated. The estimates show that 1.1 mm/year rise in sea level causes a horizontal beach loss of 110 mm per year. Therefore, coast eroded with rise in sea level at Karachi and surrounding sandy beaches would be 1.1 m during a period of next 10 years. The northwestern part of Indus delta, especially the Gizri and Phitti creeks and surrounding islands, are most unstable. Historical satellite images are used to analyze the complex pattern of sediment movements, the change in shape of coastline, and associated erosion and accretion patterns in Bundal and Buddo Islands. The significant changes in land erosion and accretion areas at Bundal and Buddo Islands are evident and appear prominently in the images. A very high rate of accretion of sediments in the northwestern part of Buddo Island has been noticed. In the southwest monsoon season the wave breaking direction in both these islands is such that the movement of littoral drift is towards west. Erosion is also taking place in the northeastern and southern part of Bundal Island. The erosion in the south is probably due to strong wave activities and in the northeast is due to strong tidal currents and seawater intrusion. Accretion takes place at the northwest and western parts of Bundal Island. By using the slope of Indus delta, sea encroachment and the land area inundation with rising sea level of 1 m and 2 m have also been estimated. 相似文献
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Tariq Masood Ali Khan D. A. Razzaq Qamar-Uz-Zaman Chaudhry Dewan Abdul Quadir Anwarul Kabir Majajul Alam Sarker 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(1-2):159-174
The UNEP in its regional seas program in 1989 has included Pakistan in a group of countries which are vulnerable to the impact of rising sea level. If the present trend of sea level rise (SLR) at Karachi continues, in the next 50 years the sea level rise along the Pakistan Coast will be 50 mm (5 cm). Since the rising rates of sea level at Karachi are within the global range of 1-2 mm/year, the trends may be treated as eustatic SLR. Historical air temperature and sea surface temperature (SST) data of Karachi also show an increasing pattern and an increasing trend of about 0.67°C has been registered in the air temperature over the last 35 years, whereas the mean SST in the coastal waters of Karachi has also registered an increasing trend of about 0.3°C in a decade. Sindh coastal zone is more vulnerable to sea level rise than Baluchistan coast, as uplifting of the coast by about 1-2 mm/year due to subduction of Indian Ocean plate is a characteristic of Baluchistan coast. Within the Indus deltaic creek system, the area nearby Karachi is more vulnerable to coastal erosion and accretion than the other deltaic region, mainly due to human activities together with natural phenomena such as wave action, strong tidal currents, and rise in sea level. Therefore, The present article deals mainly with the study of dynamical processes such as erosion and accretion associated with sea level variations along the Karachi coast and surrounding Indus deltaic coastline. The probable beach erosion in a decade along the sandy beaches of Karachi has been estimated. The estimates show that 1.1 mm/year rise in sea level causes a horizontal beach loss of 110 mm per year. Therefore, coast eroded with rise in sea level at Karachi and surrounding sandy beaches would be 1.1 m during a period of next 10 years. The northwestern part of Indus delta, especially the Gizri and Phitti creeks and surrounding islands, are most unstable. Historical satellite images are used to analyze the complex pattern of sediment movements, the change in shape of coastline, and associated erosion and accretion patterns in Bundal and Buddo Islands. The significant changes in land erosion and accretion areas at Bundal and Buddo Islands are evident and appear prominently in the images. A very high rate of accretion of sediments in the northwestern part of Buddo Island has been noticed. In the southwest monsoon season the wave breaking direction in both these islands is such that the movement of littoral drift is towards west. Erosion is also taking place in the northeastern and southern part of Bundal Island. The erosion in the south is probably due to strong wave activities and in the northeast is due to strong tidal currents and seawater intrusion. Accretion takes place at the northwest and western parts of Bundal Island. By using the slope of Indus delta, sea encroachment and the land area inundation with rising sea level of 1 m and 2 m have also been estimated. 相似文献
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O. P. Singh Tariq Masood Ali Khan Fahmida Aktar Majajul Alam Sarker 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(4):209-218
Maldives, a South Asian small island nation in the northern part of the Indian Ocean is extremely vulnerable to the impacts of Sea Level Rise (SLR) due to its low altitude from the mean sea level. This artricle attempts to estimate the recent rates of SLR in Maldives during different seasons of the year with the help of existing tidal data recorded in the Maldives coast. Corresponding Sea Surface Temperature (SST) trends, utilizing reliable satellite climatology, have also been obtained. The relationships between the SST and mean sea level have been comprehensively investigated. Results show that recent sea level trends in the Maldives coast are very high. At Male, the capital of the Republic of Maldives, the rising rates of Mean Tidal Level (MTL) are: 8.5, 7.6, and 5.8 mm/year during the postmonsoon (October-December), Premonsoon (March-May) and southwest monsoon (June-September) seasons respectively. At Gan, a station very close to the equator, the increasing rate of MTL is maximum during the period from June to September (which is 6.2 mm/year). These rising trends in MTL along the Maldives coast are certainly alarming for this small developing island nation, which is hardly one meter above the mean sea level. Thus there is a need for careful monitoring of future sea level changes in the Maldives coast. The trends presented are based on the available time-series of MTL for the Maldives coast, which are rather short. These trends need not necessarily reflect the long-term scenario. SST in the Maldives coast has also registered significant increasing trend during the period from June to September. There are large seasonal variations in the SST trends at Gan but SST and MTL trends at Male are consistently increasing during all the seasons and the rising rates are very high. The interannual mode of variation is prominent both in SST as well as MTL. Annual profile of MTL along the Maldives coast is bimodal, having two maxima during April and July. The April Mode is by far the dominant one. The SST appears to be the main factor governing the sea level variations along the Maldives coast. The influence of SST and sea level is more near the equatorial region (i.e., at Gan). There is lag of about two months for the maximum influence of SST on the sea level. The correlation coefficient between the smoothed SST and mean tidal level at Gan with lag of two months is as high as ~ +0.8, which is highly significant. The corresponding correlation coefficients at Male with the lags of one and two months are +0.5 and +0.3, respectively. Thus, the important finding of the present work for the Maldives coast is the dominance of SST factor in sea level variation, especially near the region close to the equator. 相似文献
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O. P. Singh Tariq Masood Ali Khan Fahmida Aktar Majajul Alam Sarker 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(4):209-218
Maldives, a South Asian small island nation in the northern part of the Indian Ocean is extremely vulnerable to the impacts of Sea Level Rise (SLR) due to its low altitude from the mean sea level. This artricle attempts to estimate the recent rates of SLR in Maldives during different seasons of the year with the help of existing tidal data recorded in the Maldives coast. Corresponding Sea Surface Temperature (SST) trends, utilizing reliable satellite climatology, have also been obtained. The relationships between the SST and mean sea level have been comprehensively investigated. Results show that recent sea level trends in the Maldives coast are very high. At Male, the capital of the Republic of Maldives, the rising rates of Mean Tidal Level (MTL) are: 8.5, 7.6, and 5.8 mm/year during the postmonsoon (October-December), Premonsoon (March-May) and southwest monsoon (June-September) seasons respectively. At Gan, a station very close to the equator, the increasing rate of MTL is maximum during the period from June to September (which is 6.2 mm/year). These rising trends in MTL along the Maldives coast are certainly alarming for this small developing island nation, which is hardly one meter above the mean sea level. Thus there is a need for careful monitoring of future sea level changes in the Maldives coast. The trends presented are based on the available time-series of MTL for the Maldives coast, which are rather short. These trends need not necessarily reflect the long-term scenario. SST in the Maldives coast has also registered significant increasing trend during the period from June to September. There are large seasonal variations in the SST trends at Gan but SST and MTL trends at Male are consistently increasing during all the seasons and the rising rates are very high. The interannual mode of variation is prominent both in SST as well as MTL. Annual profile of MTL along the Maldives coast is bimodal, having two maxima during April and July. The April Mode is by far the dominant one. The SST appears to be the main factor governing the sea level variations along the Maldives coast. The influence of SST and sea level is more near the equatorial region (i.e., at Gan). There is lag of about two months for the maximum influence of SST on the sea level. The correlation coefficient between the smoothed SST and mean tidal level at Gan with lag of two months is as high as ~ +0.8, which is highly significant. The corresponding correlation coefficients at Male with the lags of one and two months are +0.5 and +0.3, respectively. Thus, the important finding of the present work for the Maldives coast is the dominance of SST factor in sea level variation, especially near the region close to the equator. 相似文献
17.
以2000年为例,采用SWAN波浪数值模型对浙江近海海域的波浪进行了全年模拟计算,并计算获得年、月平均波功率密度分布。研究表明,浙江近岸海域年平均波功率密度约为2~6 kW·m-1,往外海逐渐增大;同时季节变化明显,秋、冬季节波功率密度较大,春、夏季节较小。另外,通过对浙北、浙中和浙南3个近海海区的波浪出现频率和波功率密度随波高和周期变化的分析可知,浙北海域波功率密度比较高的波高及周期范围和波浪出现频率较高范围较为接近,而其对应平均波功率密度相对较低;浙南海域波功率密度比较高的范围所对应的平均波功率密度较高,而与波浪出现频率较高的范围则略有差异;浙中海域居两者之间。总体而言,浙江近海波浪能资源丰富,且全年中可开发与利用的波浪能出现频率较高。 相似文献
18.
To understand the coastal upwelling system along the southern coast of Java, we investigated ocean temperature and salinity obtained from an Argo float. In 2008, a positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) event began to develop in early May and anomalously cool SST developed around south of Java from May to September. During the peak of the IOD, an Argo float successfully observed vertical structure of temperature and salinity within 90 km from Java. The float observed two intraseasonal-scale temperature cooling events in July and August, with significant upward movements of the thermocline more than 90 m. Concurrent with the signals, anomalous southeasterly alongshore winds, lowering of local SST and sea level, and upward expansion of high-salinity water were also observed. During the event in August, vertical velocity estimated by the anomalous wind stress agreed well with the observations. These results indicate that the Argo float observed the coastal upwelling, which was enhanced by the 2008 positive IOD, along the southern coast of Java. 相似文献
19.
《Oceanologica Acta》1998,21(2):335-344
A time series spatial grid of sea surface temperature (SST) data provided by the archives of Meteo-France and covering the period 1972–1993 was analysed in order to define both the long-term and periodic (mainly seasonal) components at different locations in the Bay of Biscay. The study confirmed the existence of a long-term increasing trend in the SST, but showed that this trend was not homogeneous over the entire area. It revealed also that the amplitude of the cyclic components (summer-winter differences) is spatially heterogeneous. The south-eastern part of the Bay of Biscay, close to the French—Spanish border, shows the stronger warming trend (a mean increase of 1.4 °C for the period 1972–1993). This trend decreases in the adjacent regions and is not statistically significant in the northern part of the bay and the Celtic Sea. The increasing trend was recorded both in winter and summer periods with the winter slopes being slightly higher. The amplitude of the SST seasonal changes (summer-winter differences) is stronger close to the southern French Atlantic coast in the area off the Gironde estuary. The lowest values were observed in the SW of the bay in the region of intense upwelling processes. Finally, the analysis of the main components of this series provides a simple empirical model describing the time-related changes in the SST. This model could be useful for studies in the field of biological oceanography and in the context of comparative studies. The possible linkage of these observations with changes in the structure of ecosystem in this area is also discussed. 相似文献