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1.
《热带海洋学报》2017,(3)
文章作为大亚湾潮汐动力学系列研究的第一部分,展现了大亚湾水动力的最新观测结果,并借助于不规则三角网格海洋模式建立了高时空分辨率的三维潮汐潮流数值模型,重现大亚湾潮位和潮流变化状况。结合实测资料与模拟结果,得到了较以往更为精细的大亚湾潮波系统特征。浅水分潮,尤其是六分之一日分潮在大亚湾内快速增长,成为大亚湾潮波系统的显著特征。在大亚湾范和港M_6分潮振幅达到与M_4、S_2分潮相同的量级。大亚湾外开阔海域的潮流以旋转流为主,但进入湾内后潮流椭圆迅速扁平化,往复流占据主导。在湾内主要潮流通道内,M_6潮流椭圆主轴流速超过了M_4和K_1分潮。潮能通量分析揭示了大亚湾内高频分潮的强耗散,M_6分潮的能量耗散率和半日周期内耗散的总能量均超过了M_4、M_2和K_1分潮。观测到的欧拉余流表现出其湾内不一致的大小潮变化以及湾外所受沿岸流的影响。模拟出的欧拉余流则揭示了大亚湾内的余流多涡旋结构和水体弱交换能力。 相似文献
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基于FVCOM的泉州湾海域三维潮汐与潮流数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于FVCOM海洋数值模式,采用非结构的三角形网格和有限体积法,建立了泉州湾海域高分辨率(26 m)的三维潮汐、潮流数值模型。模拟结果同2个验潮站和3个连续测流站的观测资料符合良好,较好地反映了泉州湾内潮汐、潮流运动的变化状况和分布特征,给出了M2、S2、K1、O1 4个主要分潮的同潮图、表层潮流椭圆分布,以及模拟区域内最大可能潮差、表层最大可能潮流流速和潮余流分布。分析表明,4个分潮的最大潮汐振幅和迟角差分别为219 cm和19°,85 cm和25°,26 cm和12°,26 cm和9°;石湖港以东海域的潮波为逆时针旋转的驻波,以西海域为前进波;最大可能潮差由湾口的8.0m向湾内增加至8.8 m。湾内潮流类型为规则半日潮流,落潮最大流速大于涨潮最大流速,北乌礁水道为强流区,表层最大可能潮流流速为2.4 m/s;湾口潮流运动以逆时针方向的旋转流形式为主,湾内的潮流运动以往复流形式为主,长轴走向主要沿着水道方向,与等深线和海岸线平行;四个分潮流表层最大流速分别为1.4 m/s,0.58 m/s,0.12 m/s,0.10 m/s。余流流速大小与潮流强弱有密切的联系,表、中、底层最大余流流速分别为26 cm/s,20 cm/s,16 cm/s,三者在水平方向基本呈北进南出的分布形态。 相似文献
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广东流沙湾4个测站2个周日潮流观测的准调和分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用短期资料的潮流准调和分析方法,对水深为4.4～17.0 m的流沙湾4个测站2个周日潮流观测获得的表、中、底层的潮流资料进行了分析,分别计算了4个测站O1、K1、M2、S2、M4、MS4共6个主要分潮的潮流调和常数,并给出了各观测站位在各层的潮流椭圆要素.计算结果表明：流沙湾主要为日潮流海区,其中湾外为规则日潮流,湾内为不规则日潮流;湾外主要分潮流的北分量一般大于东分量,而湾内主要分潮流的北分量一般小于东分量.观测期间余流的流向主要呈西北向,最大余流流速出现在湾内地形突然收窄处,且在湾内中层余流流速要大于表、底层余流流速.整个海区潮流的可能最大流速表层在57～107 cm/s之间,中层在53～106 cm/s之间,底层在34～98 cm/s之间.流沙湾湾外潮流主要为顺时针的旋转流运动,湾内为带有旋转流的往复流运动. 相似文献
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基于美国普林斯顿大学的POM(Princeton Ocean Model)模型,将干湿网格技术引入到模型中,利用模型的外模式(二维)对深圳湾海域的潮汐、潮流和余流进行了数值模拟研究。模拟结果与实测值吻合较好。计算结果表明:深圳湾海域属不正规半日潮,水平潮流具有明显的往复流性质,主要呈西南—东北走向;落潮流速略大于涨潮流速;受地形及陆地河流径流的影响,湾中到湾口及航道附近流速较大,湾顶和靠近香港的滩涂部分流速较小;深圳湾余流场较弱,余流流向指向湾外;整个深圳湾水交换较弱,海域自净能力较差。 相似文献
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基于非结构三角形网格、干-湿判别技术和有限体积法的FVCOM（finite volume coastal oceanmodel）海洋数值模式,建立了厦门湾及其周边海域高分辨率（30 m）的三维潮汐、潮流数值模型.模拟结果同该海域2个验潮站和4个连续海流站的观测资料符合良好,较好地反映了厦门湾及其周边海域潮汐、潮流运动的变化状况和分布特征,并给出了M2、S2、K1、O1共4个主要分潮的同潮图、表层潮流椭圆、最大可能潮流流速及表、底层潮余流分布.厦门湾及其周边海域属正规半日潮类型,4个分潮的最大潮汐振幅分别为200、65、36、29 cm,厦门湾内外迟角差分别为20°、25°、18°、10°;镇海角至围头角连线东南侧湾口区为逆时针旋转的驻波,西北侧湾内为前进潮波.湾内潮流属正规半日潮流,湾口区潮流以逆时针方向的旋转流运动为主,湾内各水道为往复潮流,椭圆长轴与水道走向一致,4个分潮流表层最大流速分别为201、51、34、25 cm/s;九龙江口区3条港道内的流速以南港最大;表层余流大于底层余流,二者水平分布形态基本一致,都为北进南出. 相似文献
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本文利用高频地波雷达获得的江苏如东海域大范围长期海流观测资料对苏北辐射沙洲南部烂沙洋海域夏季表层海流特征进行了分析。分析结果表明:研究海域表层海流靠近近岸一侧为往复流，流向总体上呈西北-东南向，靠近外海一侧为旋转流；海域潮流动力较为强劲，夏季表层海流实测最大流速达1.47 m/s，涨潮平均流速介于0.44~0.55 m/s，落潮平均流速介于0.38~0.52 m/s，海域西北部区域涨落潮平均流速明显大于其他区域；表层潮流为正规半日潮流，M2分潮为最主要分潮，其潮流椭圆长轴范围为0.57~0.71 m/s，远大于其他分潮，其次为S2分潮；该海域夏季表层余流呈现近岸大离岸小的分布趋势，余流流向基本指向近岸方向，从离岸到近岸余流流向呈现逆时针偏转。 相似文献
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FVCOM 在龙口海域潮汐潮流模拟中的应用研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
利用不规则三角网格和有限体积方法的FVCOM(finite-volume coastal ocean model)模式,建立了高分辨率的龙口海域三维潮汐潮流数值模型,模式结果与实测结果吻合良好。根据计算水位和流速得到了精细的龙口海域M2,S2,K1,O1分潮的同潮图、潮汐潮流类型分布图和潮流椭圆分布图等。结果显示,龙口海域潮汐类型主要为不规则半日潮;屺姆岛以北海域多为往复流而龙口湾内同时存在旋转方向不同的旋转流;最大可能流速分布与岸线和等深线几乎平行,最大值出现在桑岛南侧的狭窄水道;该海域的潮汐余流极大值出现在屺姆岛的西侧,余流流速可达25 cm/s。该结论对于了解龙口海域的动力过程具有重要意义。 相似文献
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利用2012年4月份进行水文调查得到的实测海流数据,依据多周日观测的准调和分析原理,对大小门岛海域表层潮流进行调和分析。基于调和分析结果对大小门岛海域潮流和余流特征进行精细化研究。结果表明:大小门岛海域潮流类型为不正规半日浅海潮流,大小门岛西部海域受浅水分潮影响最大。整个海域潮流运动形式以往复流为主,由于受到多股往复流的干涉作用,大门岛西侧旋转流较强;实测落潮流要强于涨潮流,流速在瓯江口外侧达到最大。余流走向存在区域性差异,小门岛西北、瓯江口内部及黄大峡海域余流方向与涨潮流一致,其它区域与落潮流一致,余流流速大小与最大流速分布基本一致。 相似文献
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Wave–current laboratory experiments have shown that the logarithmic current profile observed in pure current flows is modified due to the presence of waves. When waves propagate opposite the current, an increase in the current intensity is achieved near the mean water level, while a reduction is obtained for following waves and currents. With the aim of analyzing these nonlinear effects along the whole water column, an Eulerian wave–current model is presented. In contrast to previously presented wave–current models, the present is able to include the variation of the free surface elevation due to the wave motion and the effect of a non hydrostatic pressure field. Therefore it does not restrict its application to waves in shallow waters. Moreover, the model is able to simulate all the possible angles between waves and currents. 相似文献
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Noriyuki Iwata 《Journal of Oceanography》1976,32(1):1-10
Mass, momentum and energy conservation laws, including the radiation stress, are used to derive an equation of the eigenvalues of rip current spacing.A coastal region with linear bottom slope is divided into two parts: Offshore region and surfzone separated by the breaker line. Wave set-up, wave energy and mean current are assumed to be composed of basic state, which is a function of the distance from the coast to offshore only, and of superposed two-dimensional perturbations.In the case of normal incidence of waves, basic steady current system vanishes and perturbations are found to be of cellular shape. According to the boundary conditions at the coast, stream function of perturbed motion in the surfzone can be represented by the confluent hypergeometric function, while in the offshore zone it is approximated by the modified Bessel function.Interpolation of the stream functions in the surf and offshore regions enables us to obtain a characteristic relation which gives the eigenvalues of nondimensional alongshore spacing of rip current system as a function of a parameter determined by the bottom friction coefficient, width of the surfzone and breaker height. 相似文献
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《Coastal Engineering》2006,53(2-3):191-208
Rip currents are shore-normal, narrow, seaward-flowing currents that originate within surf zone, extend seaward of the breaking region (rip head), and can obtain relatively high velocities. Within the last decade, there have been a significant number of laboratory and field observations within rip current systems. An overview of rip current kinematics based on these observations and the scientific advances obtained from these efforts are synthesized. Rip current flows are partitioned into mean, infragravity, very low frequency (vorticity), and tidal contributions, and it is found that each contributes significantly to the total. Data from the laboratory and the field suggest that the rip current strength increases with increasing wave energy and decreasing water depths. The maximum mean current occurs inside the surf zone, where the maximum forcing is present owing to the dissipation of waves. 相似文献
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Pablo Sangrà Carmen GordoMónica Hernández-Arencibia Angeles Marrero-DíazAngel Rodríguez-Santana Alexander Stegner Antonio Martínez-MarreroJosep L. Pelegrí Thierry Pichon 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2011,58(4):390-402
We use hydrographic data collected during two interdisciplinary cruises, CIEMAR and BREDDIES, to describe the mesoscale variability observed in the Central Basin of the Bransfield Strait (Antarctica). The main mesoscale feature is the Bransfield Front and the related Bransfield Current, which flows northeastward along the South Shetland Island Slope. A laboratory model suggests that this current behaves as a gravity current driven by the local rotation rate and the density differences between the Transitional Zonal Water with Bellingshausen influence (TBW) and the Transitional Zonal Water with Weddell Sea influence (TWW). Below the Bransfield Front we observe a narrow (10 km wide) tongue of Circumpolar Deep Water all along the South Shetland Islands Slope. At the surface, the convergence of TBW and TWW leads to a shallow baroclinic front close to the Antarctic Peninsula (hereafter Peninsula Front). Between the Bransfield Front and the Peninsula Front we observe a system of TBW anticyclonic eddies, with diameters about 20 km that can reach 300 m deep. This eddy system could be originated by instabilities of the Bransfield Current. The Bransfield Current, the anticyclonic eddy system, the Peninsula Front and the tongue of Circumpolar Deep Water, are the dynamically connected components of the Bransfield Current System. 相似文献
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A current meter designed to measure velocity profiles in the water column above the bed is described. The solution proposed is a coherent backscatter Doppler sonar system using a single transducer. A range-velocity product of 20 m2/s can be achieved by combining state of the art sonar techniques with new processing methods and careful, highly flexible design. Large range-velocity products and very short range resolution together with the possibility of acquiring sensible results without averaging over long time periods are features of this current meter 相似文献
16.
An acoustic correlation current profiler (ACCP) system is being developed to obtain vertical profiles of current velocities to ranges of approximately 1500 m. A single transmitter and a spatial array of eight receivers arranged in a novel geometry are employed to measure water mass displacement from receiver array cross-correlation functions. Test data from a shallow water ACCP operating at 76.8 kHz are presented and compared to model predictions as well as to velocity profiles obtained simultaneously during the tests from an adjacent acoustic Doppler current profiler. Additionally, predicted performance data for a lower frequency deep-water unit are presented 相似文献
17.
Three-D numerical simulation of wind-driven current and density current in the Beibu Gulf 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
The Beibu Gulf circulation plays an imPOrtant role in the long--term water rnass transportinside the gulf. It is also closely related to the Guangxi untal water mass transport and self-purification. Hence, it is of practical imPOrtance to study the circulation in the gUlf. The cir-culation in the gUlf is very comlicated, and is rnainly gOverned by wind, water density gradi-ent, the current outside the gulf and the bathpoetry. In spring, a cold water rnass generatesln the center of the gulf… 相似文献
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Björn Kjerfve 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1982,15(5):553-559
Tethered current crosses are simple, reliable tools in making measurements of estuarine currents in the absence of surface waves. The standard error of the estimate of current speed is less than 5 cm s?1 for the particular crosses and weights used in a calibration experiment. The useful velocity range of these current crosses was 8–147 cm s?1, corresponding to a measured angle, α, from 2° to 30°. Regression of the independently measured current speed on yielded coefficients of determination greater than 0·94, indicating that the drag coefficient is not a function of current speed. However, the calculated drag coefficients varied widely from 0·66 to 2·55, depending on the particular combination of cross and weight, varying drastically from the commonly assumed drag coefficient value of 1·12. Thus, in using current crosses, it is imperative to calibrate each cross against a current meter reading to determine an appropriate value for the drag coefficient for a particular current cross and weight. 相似文献