首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
根据2003和2006年长江口及邻近海域表层沉积物样品的粒度组成和元素铬、铜、镍、铅、锌、铝、钙和锶的含量,分析了重金属元素含量的分布特征,探讨了含量的变化趋势及其对人类活动的响应。自2003年三峡工程一期蓄水完成到2006年6月,长江输沙量逐年减少,长江口海域沉积物中黏土的百分含量明显增加,但是沉积物分布的总体格局并没有发生明显的变化。重金属元素大多在泥质区沉积物中富集,高值区沿岸线呈带状分布,在最大浑浊带和口外羽状锋处达到峰值。在长江大量物质输入的背景下,研究区沉积物中重金属元素含量相对其他类似河口较低。河流的陆源颗粒输入、水动力条件、细颗粒物质的吸附以及絮凝作用是控制沉积物中重金属元素含量分布的主要因素,氧化还原条件也对重金属元素含量变化有一定的影响。人类活动(重大工程的建设和人为污染)对长江口外泥质区中重金属元素含量有重要影响,尤其对铅和锌的含量及其分布的影响显著。自2003年三峡工程一期蓄水以来,长江口海域表层沉积物中重金属元素沉积机制未有明显的变化,但是重金属元素含量有逐渐降低的趋势。  相似文献   

2.
对长江口及邻近海域表层沉积物中的生物硅进行了测定,分析了生物硅的分布特征及影响生物硅保存与分布的因素。结果表明:在整个海域调查范围内,表层沉积物中BSi含量范围为0.14%~0.70%,平均值为0.41%,与世界其他近海沉积物中BSi含量相比,处于中等偏下水平。黏土矿物和粉砂较多的沉积物中富集着更多的BSi,而砂含量较高的沉积物中BSi的含量较低。表层沉积物颗粒比表面积越大,越有利于BSi的赋存和累积。BSi的分布特征和TOC、TN分布存在一定的关联,说明2011年8月长江口及邻近海域表层沉积物中有机物的来源之一可能为硅藻;相对于TOC,BSi有更高保存率。表层沉积物表面富集着丰富的底栖硅藻,这是表层沉积物中BSi比同时期悬浮颗粒物中BSi的平均百分含量高一个数量级的重要原因。调查区域内BSi的沉积通量显著高于沉积物-海水界面SiO2-3-Si的释放通量,说明沉积物-海水界面以BSi的沉积为主,长江口及邻近海域是BSi的汇。  相似文献   

3.
龙小志  王珍岩 《海洋与湖沼》2022,53(6):1322-1337
台风作为事件性的强动力因素,其对河口海域沉积环境的影响目前研究较少,开展典型台风事件对长江口外海域悬浮体分布的影响研究对于深入理解长江径流挟带陆源物质向东海陆架扩散机制等具有重要意义。利用2015年09号台风"灿鸿"过境前后长江口外海域现场调查数据,分析台风前后长江口外水体结构和悬浮体粒度分布变化,结合同期环境观测数据与开源数据,阐明台风对河口外海域悬浮体分布的影响机制。结果表明:长江口外海域悬浮体中细颗粒组分(≤ 128μm)主要为无机矿物颗粒,而粗颗粒组分(>128μm)主要是生源有机颗粒。生源有机粗颗粒主要分布于中上层水体,而无机细颗粒主要分布于底层水体,使得长江口外海域悬浮体平均粒径分布呈双层结构。台风前后悬浮体粒度分布变化反映了台风对长江口外海域物理和生物过程的双重影响,其中物理过程主要影响无机细颗粒分布变化,生物过程主要影响有机粗颗粒。台风期间强烈的偏北风使得长江冲淡水在口门外海域由东北输运转为往东输运,与长江冲淡水输运方向一致的表层无机细颗粒在台风后输运方向同样往东。另外,台风作用在河口区产生的下降流将12250-4站位底部再悬浮的泥质沉积物向东搬运至12300-4站,导致12300-4站底层悬浮体浓度增加、粒度变细。台风过境还造成长江口外海域初级生产力提高,而浮游植物生长对悬浮体中有机粗颗粒的形成有促进作用,使得口门外海域上层水体中有机粗颗粒体积浓度升高。长江口外海域由于台风过境导致悬浮体中无机细颗粒和生源有机颗粒含量均增加,使得其平均粒径整体变化不大。  相似文献   

4.
夏、冬两季长江口及邻近海域悬浮物的分布特征及其沉积量   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
利用2001年7~8月 ,2002年1月两个航次的悬浮物浓度资料 ,并参考其它水文参数 ,简要分析长江口及邻近海域悬浮物的分布特征 :无论夏季还是冬季 ,长江入海悬浮物总是向东南方输运 ;冬季由于再悬浮作用显著 ,悬浮物浓度明显高于夏季 ,且南北分布范围也明显增大 ,垂向分布均匀。同时采用数值模拟的海流流速值和观测的悬浮物浓度值计算悬浮物的断面通量 ,并最终得计算区悬浮物夏、冬两季的沉积量 ,夏、冬季长江口及邻近海域悬浮物的沉积量分别为0.79×108t,1.44×108t。  相似文献   

5.
为了研究长江水下三角洲及邻近海域沉积动力环境对长江入海输沙量减少的响应,进行了野外采样以及论文数据收集工作,利用~(210)Pb放射性同位素的测量和分析,分别比较表层和柱状沉积物的~(210)Pb活度在2003年前后的变化。结果显示,在2003年后,表层沉积物~(210)Pb活度分布特征由原来的明显梯度变化变为均一分布,同时活度值普遍降低;而柱状沉积物的~(210)Pb垂向分布曲线也由原来的稳定沉积曲线变为混合强烈的均匀分布。这说明了,在长江入海输沙量减小的背景下,研究区内的沉积动力环境随之发生改变,河口过程主导的沉积作用在不断减弱,而陆架过程主导的混合作用却在不断加强。  相似文献   

6.
高抒 《海洋学研究》2021,39(4):1-10
长江入海物质在东海内陆架水域形成了大规模泥质沉积区。内陆架泥区具有细颗粒沉积物和有机质的源/汇双重特征。长江口及邻近海域的泥质沉积过程 产物关系、泥质沉积在生态系统动力学中的作用、泥质沉积碳库增量潜力,是区域性沉积动力学的3个前沿问题,主要研究内容包括长江河口泥区未来演化趋势、泥区沉积物重力流形成条件和过程、泥区沉积物有机质含量与初级生产及低氧水层的关系、泥区消浪作用及其机制、颗粒态有机质衰减曲线(或曲线族)、颗粒态有机质碳库增量潜力等。其研究需要海洋观测站网在底部边界层、水层、新型数据上的支撑,以满足数据分辨率、连续性的要求。底部边界层连续观测将有助于重力流、泥区消浪作用、湍动影响下的沉积物起动曲线族等问题的解决。水层观测将有助于有机质衰减系数的研究,进而获得有机质埋藏率、浅层天然气、有机碳库增量等问题的答案。一些新型数据含有物源、沉积体特征和演化的大量信息,此类数据的获取将依赖于观测技术的突破。  相似文献   

7.
通过2011年11月在长江口邻近海域的观测调查,探讨了上覆水和间隙水营养盐组成特征;运用成岩模型计算了沉积物-水界面营养盐的扩散通量,分析了营养盐扩散通量的主要影响因子及其未来变化趋势。研究结果表明:底界面NH_4-N、NO_3-N、PO_4-P、SiO_3-Si扩散通量分别为:0.021 8~0.167 0、-0.751~0.178、-0.001 44~0.012 10、0.34~1.24mmol/m2·d;长江口邻近海域上覆水和间隙水营养盐时空分布受到陆源输入、底界面生化作用、生物扰动和沉积类型等因素的共同影响;长江口邻近海域各项营养盐扩散通量数值与其它地区比较处于中等水平。  相似文献   

8.
长江口邻近陆架沉积物粒径变化趋势及动力成因   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
基于长江口外邻近陆架近20年实测数据,分析了邻近陆架区域表层沉积物中值粒径、砂-泥分界线和泥质区变化规律,并探讨了自然机制和人类活动等对其影响。结果表明:1近期(2006-2010年)长江口邻近陆架区域沉积物中值粒径和砂、粉砂和粘土等值线分布格局较2006年以前未发生明显变化;2伴随流域入海泥沙量和海滨区悬沙浓度的减小,陆架区域表层沉积物中值颗粒表现为粗化趋势发展;3陆架区域砂-泥分界线2004-2007年在北侧(31°30′以北)无明显趋势,南侧(31°30′以南)为向口内移动,2008-2010年无论南侧还是北侧均为向口内移动,主要受长江径流枯水期,引起潮流水动力相对增强、悬沙浓度减小及苏北沿岸流等影响;4泥质区域为长江口沉积速率最大区域,由于入海泥沙和海滨区域悬沙浓度降低,三角洲侵蚀等环境下表现为减小趋势,因北槽深水航道整治工程的实施改变了南北槽分流比,南槽下泄径流水动力增加,使得泥质区位置存在南偏趋势。  相似文献   

9.
通过现场调查研究报道了长江口及邻近海域表层沉积物中重金属、有机碳、石油类、硫化物以及氮磷的分布、来源以及沉积物环境质量.结果显示,长江口及邻近海域表层沉积物中重金属、有机碳、石油类、硫化物以及氮磷的分布很不均匀,除硫化物外,重金属、有机碳、石油类以及氮磷基本呈现长江口和杭州湾东北近岸的上海外海出现高值,其他区域浓度较低...  相似文献   

10.
长江冲淡水的扩展及其营养盐的输运   总被引:34,自引:2,他引:32  
本文根据长江口及其邻近海域硝酸盐和硅酸盐的平面分布特征,研究得出,除冬季外,长江冲淡水中的营养盐同时向两个方向输送,一、向北或北输入南黄海西南部;二、向同或东南输入东海。据此提出“长江冲淡水双向扩展的”观点,即长江冲淡水先顺河口走向朝东南方向流动,到达口门处分成两部分(冬季除外),一部分穿过杭州湾口及舟山群岛一带沿岸南下,或自长江口向东南方向扩展;另一部分则左转向北或东北,进入南黄海西南部。南、北  相似文献   

11.
悬浮体系指悬浮在水中,经过过滤能停留在滤膜或滤纸上的一切物质质点,其中包括泥沙颗粒、浮游生物及各种胶体物质等。悬浮体浓度分布是自然环境条件的综合反映,与物质来源,海洋环流、潮流、波浪等动力要素密切相关。因此,悬浮体浓度及运移途径是测试环境条件的重要参数,对其进行研究将对开发港口、合理利用土地资源、保护生态环境具有重要的实际意义,对于探讨现代沉积过程则具有理论意义。  相似文献   

12.
The northern Portuguese coastal zone is drained by large Iberian rivers, along which there is intensive industrial, agricultural and urban activity. Offshore of the two main river basins of the Douro and Minho, two fine-grained sedimentary formations can be characterised. A geochemical study of this sediment cover has been performed focussing in particular on the fine deposits and the adjacent estuaries. The chemical composition of superficial sediments collected from the northern Portuguese shelf and from the river basins of the Minho and Douro rivers was determined for major, minor and trace elements; the rare earth elements (REE) composition was also determined in selected samples. Statistical analyses of these data for the shelf sediments allow us to identify elements with similar behaviours and the different sediment types along the shelf, and to evaluate of their origins. Downcore profiles of the chemical composition of the fine sediments reveal no evidence for changes induced by recent human activities. To assess the influence of the rivers on the fine sedimentary formations, the elemental distribution patterns of selected sediments have been compared with the estuarine sediments. Lithogenic elements composition normalised to Al and the shale normalised REE distributions showed there are similarities between the Douro River sediments and the sediment composition of the Douro and Galicia mud patches. However, the Galicia mud field showed no relationship in its chemical composition to sediments derived from the Minho River. Nor was any evidence for heavy metal contamination originating from the Douro estuary detected in anthropogenic element/Al ratios in the shelf sediments. This may be because of processes associated with resuspension, complexation and bioturbation that occur during sediment transport and deposition. Nevertheless, the Douro River seems to be the main continental source of fine sediments being deposited on the northern Portuguese shelf.  相似文献   

13.
东海陆架北部表层细粒级沉积物的级配及意义   总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3  
本文依据东海陆架北部 2 3个表层沉积物样品的粒度分析资料 ,就东海陆架北部表层细粒级沉积物的级配及意义进行了研究。结果表明 ,研究区表层沉积物中细粒级部分以 <0 .0 16 mm为优势粒级 ,可占到总细粒级沉积物的 75 %以上。济州岛西南泥质区以细于 0 .0 0 8mm粒级的沉积物占据优势 ,长江口泥质区则以 <0 .0 16 mm粒级的沉积物为主 ,两泥质区细粒级沉积物的级配很不相同  相似文献   

14.
Locating the quantitized natural sediment fingerprints is an important work for marine sediment dynamics study.The total of 146 sediment samples were collected from the Shelf of the East China Sea and five rivers,including Huanghe (Yellow),Changjiang (Yangtze),Qiantang,Ou and Min River.The sediment grain size and the contents of rare earth elements (REEs) were measured with laser particle size analyzer and ICP-MS technology.The results show that absolute REE content (ΣREE) and the concentration ratio of light REEs to heavy REEs (L/HREE) are different in the sediments among those rivers.There are higher REE contents in being less than 2 m and 2–31 μm fractions in the Changjiang Estuary surface sediments.The REE contents of bulk sediment are dominated by the corresponding values of those leading size-fractions.REE of sediment is higher close to the estuaries and declines seaward on the inner shelf of the East China Sea (ECS).The L/HREE ratio has a tendency of increase southward from 28 ? N.Hydrodynamic conditions plays a predominate role on spacial distributions of the surficial sediment’s REE parameters.In some situations,the currents tend to remove the coarser light grains from initial populations,as well as the deposit of the finer heavy mineral grains.In other situations,the currents will change the ratio of sediment constituents,such as ratio between silts and clays in the sediments.As a result,the various values of REE or L/HREE ratio in different bulk sediments are more affected by the change of size-fractions than source location.Under the long-term stable hydrodynamic environment,i.e.,the East China Sea Shelf,new sediment transport model based on the size and density gradation concept may help to understand the spatial distribution patterns of REE parameters.  相似文献   

15.
长江粘土矿物示踪标记稳定性的初步研究   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8       下载免费PDF全文
选择物质来源相对单一、区域较广的浙江沿岸东海内陆架区,以4种主要粘土矿物(伊利石、蒙皂石、高岭石、绿泥石)为研究对象,以探讨长江粘土矿物作为示踪标记的稳定性问题。研究区5组沉积物样品中粘土矿物的X射线衍射实验及含量分析结果表明,伊利石、蒙皂石和高岭石的相对含量较稳定,具有作为长江物源示踪标记的价值.而各区域的绿泥石含量之间不具有显著的统计相似性。现有资料还不能完全解释长江口及邻近东海内陆架区内粘土矿物组合的相对稳定状态,今后应对絮凝作用、沉积分异作用、海底生物地球化学作用等因素的效府做进一步的研究。  相似文献   

16.
冲绳海槽中南部不同环境表层沉积物质来源   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对冲绳海槽中南部3种不同沉积环境(东海外陆架、东海陆坡和冲绳海槽)表层沉积物进行了稀土等元素地球化学分析,结果显示,冲绳海槽和陆坡表层沉积物具有与台湾物质来源类似的稀土元素配分模式,La/Sm-Gd/Yb散点图也显示海槽和陆坡沉积物主要分布在台湾物源端元区,表明冲绳海槽中南部海槽和陆坡表层沉积物主要来源于台湾,而外陆架沉积物明显的重稀土亏损与大陆河流(特别是长江、黄河)沉积物来源较为一致。为进一步判断外陆架表层沉积物来源,对外陆架沉积物重矿物进行分析鉴定,结果显示,外陆架沉积物重矿物以普通角闪石-绿帘石-石榴石-赤褐铁矿为组合特征,与长江沉积物重矿物组成特征类似,其明显缺乏台湾河流来源的典型重矿物锆石、黄河来源典型重矿物云母、浙闽沿岸来源典型重矿物磁铁矿,说明台湾、黄河和浙闽沿岸并非研究区外陆架表层沉积物主要物源。根据以往测年等研究成果,研究区外陆架沉积物年代较老,应为古长江物质经东海现代环流体系不断改造而成。  相似文献   

17.
渤海、黄海、东海沉积物中矿物组合的研究   总被引:14,自引:2,他引:12  
本文对黄海、渤海、东海以及长江、黄河、辽河表层沉积物中的轻、重矿物进行了研究。分析资料表明,调查区内共有三种类型的矿物:陆源矿物、自生矿物和海底火山喷发形成的火山型矿物。根据轻、重矿物组合的差异,可把调查区分成8个矿物区。其物质来源主要为黄河与长江。黄河物质主要沉积在黄海、渤海;长江物质沉积在东海陆架区,而冲绳海槽则发现有海底火山喷发物质与浊流沉积。  相似文献   

18.
Concentrations of selected heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) from surface sediments, suspended particulate matter and settling particles in the southern Barcelona continental margin were studied in order to evaluate the environmental impact of the anthropogenic metals discharged by the Llobregat River in this Mediterranean area. The temporal variation of heavy metals discharged by this river onto the continental shelf is clearly related to the river water flow. Part of the fine sediment and associated heavy metals transported by the Llobregat River during periods of low river flow accumulate on the river bed, and they are totally removed and discharged onto the Barcelona continental shelf during sporadic river water flow increases. Metals produce significant anomalies of chromium (×2.5), copper (×3.4) and zinc (×3.7) in the surface sediments of the Llobregat prodelta and tend to be transported along the continental shelf following the mean flow. Metals associated with the finest suspended flocs transferred to the slope are controlled by the shelf-slope density front and are transported along slope by the general geostrophic current, instead of accumulating and becoming concentrated in the slope bottom sediments. Settling particulate matter collected in sediment traps on the Barcelona continental slope offshore of the shelf-slope front shows low heavy metal concentrations except in a few sediment trap samples that are significantly metal-enriched in chromium (×4.5) and zinc (×6.8). This enrichment is associated with very short and sporadic river flow increases and is only recorded inside the Foix submarine canyon, which acts as a preferential conduit for the shelf-slope sediment transfer.  相似文献   

19.
东海西北部陆架表层沉积物重矿物组合及其沉积环境指示   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
研究了东海陆架360个表层沉积物的碎屑矿物和粒度组成,利用R型聚类方法提取稳定重矿物和重矿物分异指数作为矿物分布规律的指示因子;根据快速聚类结果将重矿物组成分为3个区:东海陆架海侵体系域晚期残留砂体区、高位体系域晚期长江水下前三角洲和浙闽沿岸流泥质沉积区、高位体系域扬子浅滩沉积区。结合粒度参数和特征矿物分布、沉积物14C年龄对各区沉积环境进行讨论,确定陆架残留沉积和改造沉积的成因、长江水下三角洲和浙闽沿岸流泥质区的范围,以及对应不同海侵层序的矿物分异特征和物质"源-汇"关系。聚类分析虽能够指示同一物源碎屑矿物分布与沉积动力关系,但物源不同,聚类结果可能误导沉积环境分析。扬子浅滩表层砂体是在距今6~4和3~2 ka 的两个潮流沉积发育期形成的多期改造沙波沉积。  相似文献   

20.
To examine the source and preservation of organic matter in the shelf sediments of the East China Sea (ECS), we measured bulk C/N and isotopes, organic biomarkers (n-alkanes and fatty acids) and compound-specific (fatty acids) stable carbon isotope ratios in three sediment cores collected from two sites near the Changjiang Estuary and one in the ECS shelf. Contrasting chemical and isotopic compositions of organic matter were observed between the estuarine and shelf sediments. The concentrations of total n-alkanes and fatty acids in the shelf surface sediments (0–2 cm) were 5–10 times higher than those in estuarine surface sediments but they all decreased rapidly to comparable levels below the surface layer. The compositions of n-alkanes in the estuarine sediments were dominated by C26-C33 long-chain n-alkanes with a strong odd-to-even carbon number predominance. In contrast, the composition of n-alkanes in the shelf sediment was dominated by nC15 to nC22 compounds. Long-chain (>C20) fatty acids (terrestrial biomarkers) accounted for a significantly higher fraction in the estuarine sediments compared to that in the shelf sediment, while short-chain (<C20) saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were more abundant in the shelf surface sediments than in the estuarine sediments. Stable carbon isotopic ratios of individual fatty acids showed a general positive shift from estuarine to shelf sediments, consistent with the variations in bulk δ 13CTOCTOC. These contrasts between the estuarine and shelf sediments indicate that terrestrial organic matter was mainly deposited within the Changjiang Estuary and inner shelf of ECS. Post-depositional diagenetic processes in the surface sediments rapidly altered the chemical compositions and control the preservation of organic matter in the region.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号