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1.
近岸流系与长江入海悬浮泥沙输移扩散   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
通过两年较完整的序列 NOAA/AVHRR 数据和实测含沙量资料,利用考虑近岸Ⅱ类水体大气校正的泥沙定量反演算法,获得了较高精度的河口高浓度泥沙遥感反演模式;利用泥沙浓度分级图和反映流系特征的温度图象,系统分析了长江口悬浮泥沙扩散途径、范围及其与近岸流系的关系。影响长江入海悬浮泥沙扩散的近岸流系主要包括台湾暖流、黄海混合水、苏北沿岸流及浙江沿岸流等。冬季,近岸流系比较稳定,其配置状况在一定程度上影响着苏北沿岸泥沙流向长江口的扩散,并制约着入海悬浮泥沙的扩散途径;洪季,长江入海径流量是影响悬浮泥沙扩散的重要因子。同时,长江冲淡水、浙江沿岸流共同形成的冷水区与台湾暖流水之间锋面的强度,也对悬浮泥沙和冲淡水的扩散方向和范围有重要影响;春、秋两季入海悬浮泥沙的扩散型式分别向夏、冬季的分布格局过渡。此外,风应力显著影响着浑水区的扩散方向和范围。风浪掀沙引起的河口泥沙再悬浮,可使近岸泥沙扩散范围增大。  相似文献   

2.
我国海区SeaWiFS资料大气校正   总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13  
利用光谱辐射传输理论,结合海上同步实测资料,开发出我国海区SeaWiFS资料大气校正模型。经卫星资料处理结果比对,本模型在一类水体,基本消除了412nm和443nm波段离水辐射率小于0的现象;在二类水体,利用临近一类水体的大气条件进行了有效的大气校正;同时建立了670nm,765nm,865nm波段的大气校正模型,这三个面适用于高浓度悬浮泥沙的信息提取。本模型用于处理我国海区的SeaWiFS资料比美国NASA模型更适合我国海区特定的大气和海洋环境,为SeaWiFS资料海洋水色信息提取和我国海洋一号(HY-1)及风云一号(FY-1C)卫星资料的大气校正研究提供了技术基础。  相似文献   

3.
基于2012~2014年期间江苏近岸海域实测遥感反射率、悬浮泥沙浓度及HJ CCD数据,建立该海域HJ CCD影像悬浮泥沙遥感反演模型。通过研究水体实测反射光谱特征,确定对悬浮泥沙浓度变化的敏感波段,并与悬浮泥沙浓度进行函数拟合分析。结果表明:将HJ CCD Band3的等效遥感反射率、HJ CCD Band3与Band2等效遥感反射率的比值分别作为敏感因子,并采用对数函数模拟低值区、指数函数模拟高值区获得的叠加模型表现最为突出。通过卫星应用发现,第2、3波段比值模型的遥感反演结果与实际情况相符,可有效削弱大气校正、表观反射率到遥感反射率的转换方法以及HJ CCD辐射分辨率较低等一系列问题的干扰,为江苏近岸海域HJ CCD悬浮泥沙遥感反演的最优模型。  相似文献   

4.
基于高光谱数据的珠江口表层水体悬浮泥沙遥感反演模式   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
利用2006年12月4日珠江口海域实测的高光谱遥感反射率数据及悬浮泥沙质量浓度数据,进行了该海域表层水体悬浮泥沙遥感反演模式的研究。研究结果表明,悬浮泥沙质量浓度与Rrs(λ1)/Rr s(λ2)-Rrs(λ1)/Rrs(λ3)的相关性较好,其中Rrs(λ)代表遥感反射率,λ代表波长,λ1=762.6 nm,λ2=559.09 nm,λ3=772.78 nm,建立了悬浮泥沙质量浓度定量遥感反演模式,该模式的均方根误差为4.67 mg/L,可以用于珠江口海域的悬浮泥沙质量浓度的遥感监测。  相似文献   

5.
通过对长江口北槽水文泥沙观测数据的分析,并结合前人的研究成果,定性地确定了制约沉降及紊动抑制作用在长江口近底高质量浓度悬浮泥沙的形成中有重要的作用;通过一个基于FVCOM的一维垂向泥沙模型定量地确定了制约沉降对水体含沙量浓度的增加作用,但紊动抑制显著地改变了泥沙浓度的垂向结构,增强了近底层的水体层化,从而形成了较为明显的近底高质量浓度泥沙悬浮;与实测数据的对比结果显示,制约沉降与紊动抑制作用的联合作用对近底高质量浓度悬浮泥沙模拟结果有显著的改善作用,模型能够较好地模拟大潮期间的长江口近底高质量浓度泥沙垂向剖面过程。  相似文献   

6.
在总结国内外悬浮泥沙遥感监测的基础上,以长江南京段水域为研究区,对实测的水体光谱值与悬浮泥沙浓度回归分析,建立了悬浮泥沙浓度遥感反演模式。  相似文献   

7.
利用NOAA卫星的AVHRR数据监测杭州湾海域的悬浮泥沙含量   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8  
李京 《海洋学报》1987,9(1):132-135
悬浮泥沙含量的调查对河口海岸带水质、地貌、环境等的研究,以及海岸工程、港口建设等都具有重要意义,而一般的船测方法只能获得在时间、空间上很离散的少量数据,难于了解海域泥沙含量分布、变化的全貌.遥感定量方法可在很大程度上克服这一局限性,因此近年来受到广泛重视,国内外已用MSS资料进行了大量研究.1984年,笔者在参加在杭州湾的遥感实验中,采用目前主要用于气象研究的AVHRR数据进行了测定悬浮泥沙含量的试验.结果表明,该资料用于测定含沙量可以达到较高的精度.  相似文献   

8.
基于现场光谱数据的珠江口MERIS悬浮泥沙分段算法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用珠江口海域4个航次共59个站位的实测遥感反射比和悬浮泥沙数据(悬浮泥沙浓度范围为4-140g·m-3),建立了利用MERIS遥感数据反演珠江口悬浮泥沙浓度的分段算法.算法以Rrs(620)/Rrs(560)=0.9为阈值,当Rrs(620)/Rrs(560)<0.9时,红绿波段比值可以较好地反演悬浮泥沙浓度.随着悬浮泥沙浓度的增加,Rrs(620)/Rrs(560)>0.9,红绿比值趋于饱和,对悬浮泥沙的变化响应不敏感,此时采用包含红波段和近红外波段的波段比值提取水体的悬浮泥沙浓度.利用该分段算法从MERIS遥感图像中提取珠江口水体的悬浮泥沙浓度分布,得到较好的结果.  相似文献   

9.
利用遥感技术估测水体中的悬浮泥沙的浓度已经成为一门成熟的技术,但将其应用于河口地区悬浮泥沙的监测仍然存在一些限制。限制之一是遥感数据(例如MODIS)的空间分辨率太低,不适合应用于河口等狭小水域的监测。相比较而言,Hyperion高光谱遥感数据有196个波段,覆盖400-2500nm的光谱范围,光谱分辨率为10nm,空间分辨率为30m,其高光谱分辨率及高空间分辨率,显示了其在河口水体悬浮泥沙遥感中的巨大潜力。利用2006年12月4号的Hyperion数据、同步实测的高光谱数据及悬浮泥沙浓度数据,对珠江口海域悬浮泥沙浓度进行了研究。利用混合光谱分解模型计算了珠江口悬浮泥沙浓度的分布。分析结果表明,混合光谱分解模型可以作为遥感监测水体悬浮泥沙浓度的定量模型。  相似文献   

10.
传统的悬浮泥沙浓度测量方法存在着各种不足,而ADCP(声学多普勒流速剖面仪)具有观测悬浮泥沙浓度的潜能.文章目的在于利用BP神经网络强大的非线形处理能力和黑箱模型的优势探讨长江口区快速测量悬浮泥沙浓度的可能性.根据2006年7月在长江口区的20个站位使用RD300K型宽幅ADCP测量得到的实测资料,提取其回声强度信息,把回声强度、温度、盐度、流速作为输入层变量,利用BP算法反演悬浮泥沙浓度,结果表明此方法精度较高(平均相对误差为18.64%),说明利用4-4-1模式的BP人工神经网络算法拟合长江口区表层悬浮泥沙浓度是可行的,但拟合效果与流向无关,而是与采样现场的海况有很大关系.海况越好,拟合效果也越好.在拟合除表层以外其他水层时需要考虑声波传输过程中各水层物理性质的变化.  相似文献   

11.
Quantitative application study on remote sensing of suspended sediment   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Quantitative application on remote sensing of suspended sediment is an important aspect of the engineering application of remote sensing study.In this paper,the Xiamen Bay is chosen as the study area.Eleven different phases of the remote sensing data are selected to establish a quantitative remote sensing model to map suspended sediment by using remote sensing images and the quasi-synchronous measured sediment data.Based on empirical statistics developed are the conversion models between instantaneous suspended sediment concentration and tidally-averaged suspended sediment concentration as well as the conversion models between surface layer suspended sediment concentration and the depth-averaged suspended sediment concentration.On this basis,the quantitative application integrated model on remote sensing of suspended sediment is developed.By using this model as well as multi-temporal remote sensing images,multi-year averaged suspended sediment concentration of the Xiamen Bay are predicted.The comparison between model prediction and observed data shows that the multi-year averaged suspended sediment concentration of studied sites as well as the concentration difference of neighboring sites can be well predicted by the remote sensing model with an error rate of 21.61% or less,which can satisfy the engineering requirements of channel deposition calculation.  相似文献   

12.
水色遥感是海洋环境监测的主要技术手段之一.对于任何海洋水色遥感器来说,监测其在轨期间的定标系数变化是非常重要的,否则无法得到精确的定量产品.以我国“HY-1B”卫星水色遥感器为研究对象,开展了基于大洋水体上空的瑞利散射定标方法研究,利用通过对SeaWiFS数据叶绿素、离水辐亮度和气溶胶产品进行分析,选择了符合条件的7个海区实施大气瑞利散射定标,根据2010年12月份选定的4个区域定标结果得到不同海区/不同时间获得的定标系数一致性较好,CH1至CH6的定标系数标准差分布在0.9%~2.1%的范围内,因此瑞利散射定标是有效的非现场定标方法,具有较高的定标精度,其总误差在4.09%.  相似文献   

13.
Field investigation was carried out during 4 to 15 April 2001 around the Changjiang River Estuary. The similar distribution of sea surface nutrients and suspended sediment (SS) concentration is attributed to the physical mixing of Changjiang diluted water (CDW) with the Taiwan Warm Current (TWC). On the basis of the observed positive relationship between total phosphorus (TP) and SS concentration, the sea surface TP is inversed from satellite SS data. SS is believed to be an ideal eutrophic state assessing index substitution for TP, the eutrophication classification critical value of SS adopted in this research was based on the linear model: cTP=0.000 6cSSsat 0.016 3, r2=0.564 5, n=32. Although lack of in-situ chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) measurement, a good relationship was observed between the in-situ DIN (dissolved inorganic nitrogen) concentration with near real time SeaWiFS absorption coefficient of CDOM (ACD) data: cDIN=1.406 5AACBsat-0.035 9,r2=0.741 5,n=16. This empirical regression algorithm was also utilized for inversing the DIN concentration from SeaWiFS ACD data, and for establishing the eutrophication classification critical value of satellite ACD data. The established remote eutrophication classification system was later used for seawater eutrophic state assessment. The evaluation suggested that the Zhoushan Fishing Ground especially the western border is affected seriously with the nutrient input. The nutrient is mainly from the terrestrial source transported by the Changjiang River runoff. The seawater quality classification precision was assessed by in-situ data, which suggested the seawater quality distribution is similar to the two classification systems, and the remote classification error is below 25%.  相似文献   

14.
海洋叶绿素a质量浓度遥感产品是海洋初级生产力与海洋生态系统固碳能力研究的重要数据源,为了保证数据的可靠性,对遥感产品进行精度验证以及验证误差的成因分析尤为重要。遥感产品的验证过程中,由于空间变异的存在,使得遥感像元尺度内的实测数据具有不同的离散程度和统计分布特征,并由此产生了不同的误差统计结果。本文选择MODIS-Aqua、MODIS-Terra、MERIS、SeaWiFS等卫星传感器叶绿素a质量浓度遥感产品为研究对象,统计分析了数据产品的空间变异与验证精度的关系。结果表明:空间变异是造成验证误差的直接原因之一,平均绝对百分比误差(Mean Absolute Percentage Error:MAPE)与空间变异系数(Coefficient of Variation: CV)呈幂指数模型关系;当CV<0.05时,MAPECV的增加明显;当CV>0.15时,MAPE的变化趋于平缓。不同卫星传感器叶绿素a质量浓度产品验证结果表明,SeaWiFS精度最高,MERIS次之,MODIS-Terra精度最低。  相似文献   

15.
遥感技术在河口颗粒态总磷分布及扩散研究中的应用初探   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
以美国SeaStar卫星装载的SeaWiFS海洋水色遥感传感器作为遥感数据源,实测了光谱、海表温度、悬浮物含量、透明度、叶绿素浓度、颗粒态总磷含量等,建立了传感器悬浮物含量和颗粒态总磷含量的遥感信息提取模式,结果表明:(1)利用遥感技术估算的海水悬浮物的平均相对偏差为18.1%;(2)悬浮物在遥感图象上的分布和扩散趋势与实际吻合,并且在一定程度上反映了区域内海流运移路径;(3)颗粒态总磷含量在长江河口和杭州湾附近海域较高,由近岸向远岸迅速降低,与实际分布相符;(4)模型主要适用于河口等悬浮物含量高的Ⅱ类水休,对于以浮游植物为主的Ⅰ类水体应另外建立模式.  相似文献   

16.
The response of chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration to wind stress is analyzed in the South China Sea (SCS), using in-situ data of Chl a and remote sensing data (QuikScat-sea surface wind (SSW), AVHRR-sea surface temperature (SST), AVISO merged-sea level anomalies (SLA), SeaWiFSderived Chl a and MODIS Terra-derived Chl a) in August/September/October 2004, 2006 and 2009. The variability of SSW, SST and SLA 7 d before in-situ Chl a sampling (including the work day of in-situ Chl a sampling) with the same latitude and longitude of the study area are investigated, and the correlation coefficients are calculated between these hydrographic factors and in-situ Chl a concentration. The results show that the Chl a-SSW correlation coefficients at upper layers (such as 0 m and 25 m) are more significant than those at deeper layers (such as 50, 75 and 100 m) 1-3 d before, which indicates that there is a time lag of strong surface winds stimulating phytoplankton bloom. By analyzing the relationship among the daily remote sensing derived (RSderived) SSW, SST, SLA and 3 d averaged SeaWiFS/MODIS-derived Chl a concentration in the northern SCS in September 2004 and 2009 respectively, it shows that the intensity and speed of surface winds could have great influence on extend of Chl a increase. If surface winds reach 4-5 m/s over, Chl a concentration would increase 1-3 d after the process of strong surface winds in open sea area of the northern SCS mainly during September.  相似文献   

17.
悬浮泥沙作为重要水质参数,其分布和动态变化对河口及近岸的生态、环境、物质循环等都具有深远的影响。我国静止轨道高分四号(GF-4)卫星数据具有高时间和高空间分辨率的观测优势,在水色遥感上具有重大应用潜力。为探究GF-4卫星对悬浮泥沙浓度的监测能力,本文以杭州湾为研究区,构建反演模型,利用静止海洋水色成像仪进行交叉验证。结果表明,以GF-4卫星第5和第4波段遥感反射率的比值作为遥感因子建立的反演模型精度较高,决定系数为0.92,均方根误差为223.2 mg/L,平均相对误差为17.2%。交叉验证结果显示,GF-4卫星作为一种新的遥感数据源,在低浓度区与静止海洋水色成像仪反演悬浮泥沙浓度分布相似,但在高浓度区的差异随浓度增高而增大,总体可满足中国大部分海区的监测需求。  相似文献   

18.
The algorithms of extracting chlorophyll-a(Chl-a) concentration have been established for Chinese moderate resolution imaging spectrometer(CMODIS) mounted on Shenzhou-3 spaceship launched on 25 March 2002.The CMODIS is an ocean color sensor with 30 visible channels and 4 infrared channels,much different from other ocean color satellites and needs new algorithms to process data.Three models of Chl-a concentration were established based on Chl-a data retrieved from sea-viewing wide field-of-view sensor(SeaWiFS),with the average relative errors of 26.6%,24%.0% and 33.5%,respectively.This practical and economic approach can be used for developing the algorithms of Chinese ocean color and temperature sensor(COCTS) on the satellite Haiyang-1 to derive the Chl-a concentration concentration distribution.The applicability of the algorithms was analyzed using some in situ measurements.Suspended sediment is the main factor influencing the accuracy of the spectral ratio algorithms of Chl-a concentration.The algorithms are suitable to using in the regions where suspended sediment concentrations(SSC) are less than 5 g/m3 under the condition of relative error of Chl-a concentration retrieval within 35%.High concentration of suspended sediment leads to the overestimate remote sensing retrieval of concentration of Chl-a,while low-middle SSCs lead to the low Chl-a concentration values using the spectral ratio algorithms.Since the accuracy of Chl-a concentration by the spectral ratio algorithms is limited to waters of Case 2,it is necessary to develop semi-analytical models to improve the performance of satellite ocean color remote sensing in turbid coastal waters.  相似文献   

19.
SeaWiFS和MODIS叶绿素浓度数据及其融合数据的全球可利用率   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
对2001年Sea WiFS和MODIS叶绿素浓度数据的全球可利用率进行了定量分析,二者在全球范围的变化趋势一致,年平均可利用率分别为12.4%和13.6%,其中MODIS叶绿素浓度的可利用率略高于SeaWiFS。利用小波变换方法对二者进行数据融合,经分析:SeaWiFS/MODIS叶绿素浓度融合数据相对于单一传感器数据提高了全球可利用率,其年平均为20.50%;融合数据保持了较高空间分辨率MODIS数据的海洋特征;融合数据与实测值比较,差值的均值和标准偏差分别为0.16mg/m^3和1.07mg/m0(SeaWiFS:0.46mg/m^3和2.22mg/m^3,MODIS:0.13mg/m^3和0.82mg/m^3)。与MODIS和Sea WiFS相比。融合数据接近MODIS优于SeaWiFS。结果表明小波变换方法用于SeaWiFS和MODIS叶绿素浓度数据融合的有效性。  相似文献   

20.
The Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary is located in the East China Sea shelf with shallow water. Affected by the tide mixing and the runoff of the Changjiang River and the Qiantang River, the turbidity is very high. Generally, the water-leaving radiance is high in the turbid water because of the large particle scattering. Based on the in-situ data and ocean color remote sensing data of SeaWiFS, it was found that there was a black water region with the normalized water-leaving radiances less than 0.5 mW/(cm2·μm2·...  相似文献   

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