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1.
杨宗严 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1993,(4)
应用弱非线性理论导出了狭窄型河口内拉格朗日余流的控制方程和溶解质长期输运方程,并应用流速分解法和B—样条配置技术建立了潮汐及拉格朗日余流的数值模型,应用欧拉—拉格朗日方法和B—样条配置技术建立了长期物质输运方程的数值模型,对狭窄型河口内潮致—斜压拉格朗日余环流进行了研究。结果表明,河口垂向拉格朗日余环流,不同于欧拉余环流,呈现一种较复杂的流型,在盐水入侵界的上游可能存在一涡旋。作者提出,将河口按余环流生成机制和水动力特征分为斜压,潮控及河流三个区。 相似文献
2.
基于海洋资源开发、环境保护和近岸海域地貌复杂性等原因,浅海余环流的研究引起了世界各国海洋学者的兴趣。余环流是风海流、热盐环流和潮余流耦合形成的。滤掉实测流的周期性部分,剩余的环流就是这三部分海水运动的合成结果。余环流难以分解成上述三个组成部分。因而在讨论浅海余环流的场合下,我们应将这三个分量当做一个统一的整体现象予以考虑。根据这个论点,冯士筰、奚盘根和本文第二作者提出了浅海斜压余环流模型。本文将这个模型应用于中国渤海并采用有限元方法求解了模型方程。计算结果与实测资料符合良好。 相似文献
3.
A Lagrangian mean theory on coastal sea circulation with inter-tidal transports I. Fundamentals 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
A brief review is made on the theory of the Lagrangian residual circulation and inter-tidal transports in a convectively weakly nonlinear system. In the review the emphasis is put on the systematical development of the theory and its weakness of convectively weakly nonlinear approximation. The fundamentals of a Lagrangian tidally-averaged theory on circulation with inter-tidal transport processes have been proposed for a general nonlinear coastal/estuarine system. The Lagrangian residual velocity is strictly de- fined, and it has been verified to be able to embody the velocity field of circulation. A new concept of the concentration for inter- tidal transport processes is presented. The concentration describing the inter-tidal transport processes should be a ＂Lagrangian inter-tidal concentration＂ defined and named, but not the Eulcrian tidally-averaged concentration used traditionally. The circulation described here contains a set of infinite temporal-spatial fields of velocity/concentration, each of which corresponds to a specific value of tidal phases varying continuously over one tidal cycle. When the convectively weakly nonlinear condition（ with a smaller order of eddy diffusion and sources） is approximately satisfied, a set of infinite temporal-spatial fields of velocity/concentration can be reduced to a single one.. the mass transport velocity/the Eulerian tidally averaged concentration as exhibited traditionally. 相似文献
4.
渤海冬季三维环流数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
基于冯士笮所给出的一种浅海环流模型，采用数值方法，对渤海冬季进行环流的数值模拟，给出了冬季三维风生环流和正压环流（含潮余流）。分析了潮致Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ余流对冬季环流的贡献及黄海暖流余脉对渤海冬季环流的影响。最后对风生环流和正压环流的特征进行了分析和讨论。 相似文献
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On the basis of a three-dimensional weakly nonliear theory of Lagrangian residual current in the Baroclinic shallow seas, a diagnostic numerical calculation of wind-driven, thermohaline and tide-induced Lagrangian residual current in the Bohai Sea is made. The model involves the Richardson number in the eddy viscosity coefficient, wind, thcrmolialine and tidal effects in the focing terms. The runoff of the Huanghe River and a part of the Huanghai Warm Water coming from the Huanghai Sea through the Bohai Sea Strait is also considered. The velocity-splitting method is adopted. The wind-driven circu lation, thermohaline circulation and the tide-induced Lagrangian residual circulation are also obtained individually and analysed. The dynamics of the three main eddies in the Lagrangian mean circulation is discussed. Finally, the numerical result is partly verified with the observed data. 相似文献
6.
潮汐余流对中国东部海域物质输运过程起着重要作用。通过对中国东部海域的三维数值模拟,计算了潮汐余流并从潮余涡量角度分析了其形成机制。中国东部海域的欧拉余流在水深较浅的朝鲜半岛沿岸、苏北浅滩、长江浅滩、闽浙沿岸,以及冲绳海槽附近海域,流速量级较大,以余流涡旋的形式呈现,其机制为局部地形差异和潮汐水位高度波动下,科氏效应或摩擦效应导致潮周期内存在净涡量。斯托克斯漂流量级在浅水区较大,而在深水海域则远小于欧拉余流。拉格朗日余流在深水区域与欧拉余流相似,在浅水区域由欧拉余流和斯托克斯漂流共同决定。输运余流和拉格朗日余流分布特征更接近,特别是在近岸海域,但两者的物理意义并不相同。潮汐余流由于常年稳定存在,且在许多海域的流动方向同已知的沿岸流系的方向基本一致,是中国东部海域沿岸流的重要组成部分。估算出了输运余流对沿岸流的贡献率或抑制率,输运余流对近岸陆源沉积物输运和沉积物分布具有不可忽略的作用。 相似文献
7.
Observations of the residual fluxes of water, salt and suspended sediment are presented for seven stations along the Tamar Estuary. The data include measurements over single spring and neap tidal cycles, and are generally applicable to medium or high run-off conditions.Surface to bed differences in salinity are typically of the order of several parts per thousand. Gravitational circulation is an important component of residual flow in the deep, lower reaches of the estuary. Here, Stokes drift is insignificant. In the shallow upper reaches, the major residual currents are generated by Stokes drift and freshwater inputs. Data are compared with predictions from Hansen and Rattray's (1966) model of estuarine circulation.Salt fluxes due to tidal pumping and vertical shear are directed up-estuary at spring tides, tidal pumping being dominant. Tidal pumping of salt is also directed up-estuary at neap tides, although it is insignificant in the lower reaches, where vertical shear dominates.Tidal pumping of suspended sediment is directed up-estuary near the head at spring tides, and probably contributes to the formation of the turbidity maximum. The existence of the turbidity maximum is predicted using a simplified model of the transport of water and sediment. The model shows that an additional mechanism for the existence of the turbidity maximum is an up-estuary maximum in the tidal current speeds (and thus resuspension). In the lower reaches, transport of suspended sediment is directed down-estuary at both spring and neap tides, and sediment is essentially flushed to sea with the fresh water. 相似文献
8.
地形变化下渤海湾M2分潮潮致余流的相应变化及其对污染物输运的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用嵌套模式通过流速驱动对渤海湾的潮汐潮流进行了高分辨率数值模拟,分析了开边界条件的选取对渤海湾潮致余流模拟的影响。并用定点观测流速资料验证了在渤海湾流速作开边界条件驱动模式的模拟结果。近年来由于围海造田,使渤海湾海岸线向里推进,岸线变的更加平缓。在渤海湾新旧地形下,对渤海湾环流进行了模拟,分析了地形变化对渤海湾环流的影响。结果表明,渤海湾西北角的顺时针流环在新地形下消失,并表现为较强的逆时针流,湾口双环结构依然存在,但南部流环在新地形下由于受到西部强的逆时针流而变弱,流环半径减小。通过分析潮致Lagrange余流场和调查的污染物浓度分布特征发现,渤海湾的污染物分布特征与Lagrange余流有很强的相关性,Lagrange余流结构影响了污染物的分布特征,新旧地形下余流场的改变也导致了污染物浓度场分布特征上的变化。 相似文献
9.
《Oceanologica Acta》2003,26(5-6):597-607
A three-dimensional baroclinic shelf sea model is employed to simulate the tidal and non-tidal residual current in the South China Sea. The four most significant constituents, M2, S2, K1 and O1, are included in the experiments with tidal effect. At most stations, the computed harmonic constants agree well with the observed ones. The circulations of the South China Sea in summer (August) and winter (December) are mainly discussed. It is shown that the barotropic tidal residual current is too weak to affect the South China Sea circulation, whilst the contribution of the baroclinic tidal residual current to the South China Sea circulation would be important in the continental shelf sea areas, especially in the Gulf of Thailand and Gulf of Tonkin. In the deep-sea areas, the upper barotropic or baroclinic tidal residual current is relatively very weak, however, the speed order of the deep baroclinic tidal residual current can be the same as that of the mean current without tidal effect. Moreover, the baroclinic tidal residual current seems to be related to the different seasonal stratification of ocean. 相似文献
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TOPEX/POSEIDON高度计浅海潮汐混淆的初步分析 总被引：22，自引：5，他引：17
根据对卫星轨道特征和观测结果的分析,对TOPEX/POSEIDON(简称T/P)星载高度计在我国近海的潮致混淆现象进行了初步研究.分析表明,在浅海区T/P高度计的观测结果存在很强的潮致高频混淆.NASA分发的地球物理记录中所提供的潮汐订正值虽适用于大洋,但不能有效地除去浅海潮汐.虽然如此,T/P潮致混淆的主要频段的周期小于90d,因而可以通过滤波方法提取周期较长的海面高度季节信号,从而用于季节环流(如南海季风环流)的研究.采用FFT/IFFT方法滤波试验的结果显示,T/P的海面高度观测结果有很高的精度,滤波处理后的海面高度距平变化和地面潮位观测结果一致性良好,上、下行轨道交叉处相邻测点间的标准偏差在3cm左右,可满足南海环流研究的需要. 相似文献
13.
将长江口、杭州湾及其邻近海域作为研究整体,建立该海区的三维Lagrange正压环流的分阶数值模式,综合考虑径流、东中国海背景环流、风应力和M2,S2,O1,K1 4大天文分潮的综合作用,运用"流速分解法"将环流分为正压梯度流、风生流、潮致余流及零阶环流的非线性耦合流等4个分量,模拟了冬夏两季长江口、杭州湾及其邻近海区的Lagrange正压环流结构.结果表明,零阶环流受东中国海背景环流控制;潮致余流是该海区一个重要分量;杭州湾内正压环流主要由风生流和潮致余流控制. 相似文献
14.
东中国海潮余流自适应数值模拟 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
以自适应数值模型首次计算整个东中国海三维 M2 分潮潮致 Euler余流、Stokes漂流和L agrange余流 ,并分析各海区 L agrange余流的特征。渤海 M2 分潮致 L agrange余流在整个海域基本形成一个大的逆时针环流系统 ;辽东湾有一个逆时针流环。在黄海 ,潮致余流也是黄海环流的重要组成部分。在东海的东北部 ,潮致余流有强化对马暖流的作用 ;在台湾北部海域 ,潮余流对台湾暖流有强化作用。在近海海域 ,由于复杂地形的作用 ,潮流非线性作用加强 ,潮余流的量值有较明显的增加。计算结果表明 :在浅水区域 ,Stokes漂流较大 ,Euler余流与 Lagrange余流差别显著 相似文献
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基于黄、东海Lagrange环流数值模型 ,对黄、东海Lagrange斜压环流进行了诊断计算。采用流速分解法将La grange流速分解为梯度流、风海流、潮致余流、热盐环流、零阶环流耦合流 5种分量 ,实现三维计算的准二维化。计算结果较成功地模拟了冬夏两季黄、东海Lagrange环流 ,表明密度环流在冬、夏季均是东海环流的重要分量 ,可显著增强了东海黑潮、东海黑潮、台湾暖流和对马暖流 ;在夏季还是黄海环流的主要分量。 相似文献
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Makoto Kashiwai 《Journal of Oceanography》1984,40(6):437-444
The role of the ‘tidal vortex’ in the mechanism of generation of tidal residual circulation is investigated for a bay with
a narrow entrance channel. It is shown that the circulation of residual flow is produced not by the vorticity of the inflowing
sidewall-boundary layer, but by a tidal vortex formed by rolling up of the discontinuity surface released from the flow separation
point at the entrance. This tidal vortex is affected by the circulation of the inflowing water, that is the inflowing tidal
vortex. A returning tidal vortex formed in the bay diminishes the circulation of the tidal vortex of the next generation,
while the inflowing tidal vortex formed in the open sea increases it. These cases correspond to tidal vortex life-histories
of type-II and type-III, respectively (Kashiwai, 1984a). Tidal vortices of each life-history type have different strength
and produce residual circulation of different strength, corresponding to each type. The ratio of kinetic energy of residual
flow to that of the tidal current through the bay entrance, that is to say the energy gain of the residual circulation, is
proportional to the reciprocal of the Strouhal number, and its rate of increase depends on the life-history type of the tidal
vortex. This explains the experimental observation reported by Oonishi (1977) and Yanagi (1978) that the energy ratio of residual
flow to tidal flow increases with the Reynolds number not monotonously but goes through a maximum and a minimum at intermediate
Reynolds number. 相似文献
18.
基于已验证的有限体积海岸海洋模型(FVCOM)和拉格朗日粒子离线追踪模块,模拟了潮、风、环流、温盐、波等外界强迫不同组合下苏北海域水面粒子的5种运移路径,通过实际漂流瓶轨迹验证,并进行路径间的差异与对应单强迫流场对比研究,探讨发端于苏北的浒苔运移路径及其影响因素。结果表明:浒苔运移路径先沿着苏北沿岸向北运移至废黄河口附近海域,之后向东北方向偏转继续运移,一直到山东半岛南部海域;影响苏北浒苔运移路径的外界强迫主要是风,其次是温盐、波浪、环流,潮流可以引起浒苔在局地的旋转往复运动,不能使其向北远距离漂移。漂流期间,苏北沿岸海域表层温度为18～24℃、盐度为28～31,温盐条件在浒苔最宜生长条件范围,是浒苔能边漂移边大面积暴发的原因之一。 相似文献
19.
本文采用二维浅水潮流方程,欧拉余流模型和拉格朗日余流模型,并通过数值模拟的方法,研究了厦门港南部附近海域的水动力输运特征。结果表明,该海域的水动力输运条件良好,水交换能力罗强。 相似文献
20.
The purpose of this paper is to describe the contribution of the LNH/EDF, France, which work on the two following topics in sea modelling: (a) calibration and use of mathematical tools in order to perform numerical forecasts and simulation of sea patterns; and (b) important research effort, in order to develop ever more accurate numerical algorithms and to understand ever better the physical processes.Simulating marine flows means in any case filtering of the sea-phenomenon on both time and space scales. The use of such filters related to the preponderant scales in each study leads to parameterize the unsolved scales through specific behaviour laws such as turbulence and dispersion.Specific properties of sea modelling at LNH are based on the splitting-up technique applied to each term of the shallow water equations. The advective transport is solved through a Lagrangian method. The diffusive and propagative part is solved through two different algorithms depending on which method is used, a finite-difference method or a finite-element method.The current applications of tidal computations are numerous and various, the examples given in this paper concern on one hand the simulations of uncovering tidal flats in the estuary of the River Canche and on the other hand of storm surge and tide interaction in the North Sea and English Channel. Some future developments among others are relative to the improvement of the properties of the solver of the advective term, and the treatment of uncovering and overcovering tidal areas. About the mixing properties of fluid, some research work concerns the better understanding and modelling of the big vortex shedding behind a hindrance cross a flow; therefore an experiment is done at this time which will provide a data collection useful to the calibration of a 2D-turbulence model.Other simulations and research works are performed in fields connected to tidal current computations such as thermal impact or bed-load transport studies which lead to the problems of long term simulation and modelling of residual currents which are of a lower order of accuracy.In order to conclude, the necessity is stressed of a double effort, scientific on one hand and algorithmic on the other hand. 相似文献