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山东荣成市成山头南侧发育了一条沙坝和一系列的湖 ,组成成山卫湖链 ,以面积最大的天鹅湖有关资料为主 ,运用粒度分析、软体动物鉴定、14 C测年等方法 ,对So5 ,Sh5 ,Sh1和Sh6孔岩心进行分析 ,揭示了该湖链的形成过程 :距今 70 0 0a左右 ,海水开始入侵 ,形成了荣成湾 ,距今 6 0 0 0a左右 ,沙坝和坝内的一系列半封闭湖形成 .根据沙坝层理的观测资料分析了湖形成后自然作用下的演化动态 ,并指出近年来由于人类活动加剧 ,严重影响了湖的演化过程 相似文献
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粤西海岸全新世中期以来海平面升降与海岸沙坝潟湖发育过程 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
沙坝湖海岸是一种重要的海岸类型。文章论述了粤西海岸全新世中期以来在海平面升降影响下沙坝湖地貌的发育过程,得出如下结论：距今7000a至5000a．海平面曾上升至＋4m,由于大陆架泥沙的向陆堆积,形成了揭湖拦湾沙坝的后缘高突部分：以后海平面逐步下降至现今位置,它所形成的海退沙楔发育成低矮的向海沙坝和海滩;距今2000a,海平面趋于相对稳定;现今海平面微升,出现了海岸侵蚀。文章还对该地在海平面升降影响下的海岸泥沙运移机制以及海岸高海面堆积和现今海岸侵蚀现象作了解析。 相似文献
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冰后期滦河在渤海西北岸入海，因其自西南向东北迁移，西起曹妃甸，东至现代滦河口，在不同时期堆积了一系列的三角洲。当它们依次被废弃后，形成以风浪作用为主的湖沙坝海岸，很不稳定，故各岸段的冲淤动态十分复杂。笔者以京唐港附近海岸为例，分析了３０余年来的演变过程，并与滦河为主的各入海河流的泥沙量变化进行分析对比，结果表明：（１）滦河改道后，海岸变化进入由淤进转变为蚀移时期；（２）在大陆季风条件下，沙坝作不同方向的迁移，而现代滦河入海水沙量的变化对沙坝迁移无直接影响；（３）不同时期形成的废弃三角洲的沙坝蚀移速率不同。在资料分析的基础上，对本段海岸的冲淤动态提出预测。 相似文献
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烟台芝罘岛连岛沙坝地区全新世以来的地貌与环境演变 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在前人研究成果和已有钻孔资料的基础上，通过野外观测、地貌制图、钻探、取样、年代测定和孢粉分析，对芝罘岛连岛沙坝地区全新世以来的地貌和环境演变进行了研究。结果表明，芝罘岛沙坝地区可划分为北部芝罘岛、南部基岩岬角和中部海积—冲积—风积平原3个地貌单元，其中中部堆积平原又包括西部的河口沙坝—泻湖平原和东部的连岛沙坝平原，其界线为大沽夹河河口。芝罘岛沙坝地区全新统包括5种沉积相、11种沉积亚相，它们构成海侵体系(TST)和高海面体系(HST)两种基本层序，前者形成于6000aBP前的全新世最大海侵时期，后者形成于6000aBP以来的相对海面波动时期。芝罘岛连岛沙坝北部形成于6000～5000aBP的相对海面稳定期及4000aBP以来的波动期，其下伏平台6000aBP前即己形成；沙坝南部开始形成于2300aBP前，最后成陆于300a以来，但其下伏平台在7700aBP前已形成。4000aBP以来相对海面的波动式升降及其河流、海岸地貌响应，在连岛沙坝的形成过程中起了重要作用。 相似文献
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以现代沉积考察为基础,结合粒度分析资料,对湖泊中沙坝的沉积特征进行了详细的探讨。研究认为峡山湖沙坝微相分为坝前、坝主体、坝后3个沉积单元。坝前受湖浪作用明显,沉积物以湖浪作用形成的浪成沙和冲洗沙为主,发育滩脊和席状沙沉积体。坝主体沉积物以厚度较大、受湖水及风改造明显的中细沙为主,可进一步细分为坝-滩复合体和坝-沙丘复合体。坝后受坝主体阻隔,丰水期为局限湖湾沉积,枯水期发育沼泽沉积。湖泊中沙坝的形成是在滨浅湖环境中水动力和岸线、地貌等因素的影响下,受湖浪、湖流以及暴露环境下风的改造等共同作用的结果,湖浪所派生的沿岸流对沙坝的演化起着至关重要的作用;丰水期沙坝体接受湖水动力的改造,枯水期沙坝体接受风的改造。 相似文献
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粤西博贺沙坝潟湖海岸体系形成发育与现代演变 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
粤西博贺湾地区发育一典型的沙坝潟湖海岸体系。通过对比分析,1932~2000年,博贺潟湖面积减少45.3%,人类活动已成为影响该区海岸演变的主导因素;滩涂围垦、海岸采沙与水产养殖等人类活动加剧了沙坝海岸的侵蚀后退,且使得潟湖面积迅速减少,不断淤浅萎缩,大大加快了海岸体系的演化进程。根据钻孔地层剖面和14C测年资料分析,对该区沉积环境演变过程的研究结果表明,自晚更新世中期以来,博贺沙坝潟湖海岸体系经历了初步形成、遭受破坏、再次形成、发育、现代演变等5个主要阶段。 相似文献
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山东荣成湾沿岸输沙率及沙嘴的演化动态 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12
山东荣成湾发育了NEE-SWW向约10 km长的沙坝,通过沿岸输沙率的计算、沙源分析得出以下结论:荣成湾沙坝的主要沙源为海底来沙和海岸来沙,其沿岸纵向净体积输沙率为15.52×104 m3/a,为沙坝的形成和演化提供了物源基础;沙嘴各段输沙率的计算及相应段沙嘴层理剖面分析,揭示了沙嘴的动态演化趋势. 相似文献
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Soil-sized particulates have been collected on board ship by a mesh technique from the lower troposphere of the North, Equatorial and South Atlantic Ocean, northern and southern Indian Ocean, South and East China Sea and various coastal localities.Spectrographic analysis reveals that, on average, the particulates have concentrations of Mn, Ni, Co, Ga, Cr, V, Ba, and Sr which are of the same order of magnitude as those in average crustal material. In contrast, the average concentrations of Pb, Sn, and Zn are one order of magnitude higher than those in average crustal material.Within this “world-wide” average there are significant geographical variations in the distributions of Pb, Sn, and Zn which may be related to anthropogenic sources.On the basis of trace-element distributions lower tropospheric soil-sized marine particulates have been divided into four genetic components; local, zonal, inter-zonal, and global. The proportions of these components vary geographically, and each component may have both a natural and an anthropogenic fraction. 相似文献
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Tautog, Tautoga onitis, is an abundant species of fish in estuaries of the northeastern United States. Planktonic tautog larvae are abundant in summer in these estuaries, but there is little information on rates of growth of tautog larvae feeding on natural assemblages of food in the plankton. We examined abundance and growth of larval tautog and environmental factors during weekly sampling at three sites along a nearshore‐to‐offshore transect in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, USA during summer 1994. This is the first study of a robust sample size (336 larvae) to estimate growth rates of field‐caught planktonic tautog larvae feeding on natural diets, using the otolith daily‐growth‐increment method. The study was over the entire summer period when tautog larvae were in the plankton. The sampling sites contrasted in several environmental variables including temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and chlorophyll a concentration. There was a temporal progression in the abundance of tautog larvae over the summer, in relation to location and temperature. Tautog larvae were first present nearshore, with a pronounced peak in abundance occurring at the nearshore sites during the last 2 weeks in June. Larvae were absent at this time further offshore. From late June through August, larval abundance progressively decreased nearshore, but increased offshore although never approaching the abundance levels observed at the nearshore sites. The distribution and abundance of tautog larvae appeared to be related to a nearshore‐to‐offshore seasonal warming trend and a nearshore decrease in DO. Otoliths from 336 larvae ranging from 2.3 to 7.7 mm standard length had otolith increment counts ranging from 0 to 19 increments. Growth of larval tautog was estimated at 0.23 mm·day?1, and length of larvae prior to first increment formation was estimated at 2.8 mm indicating that first increment formation occurs 3–4 days after hatching at 2.2 mm. Despite spatial and temporal differences in environmental factors, there were no significant differences in growth rates at any of three given sites over time, or between sites. Because larval presence only occurred at a narrow range of temperature (17–23.5 °C) and DO (6.5–9.3 mg·l?1), in situ differences in growth did not appear to be because of differences in larval distribution and abundance patterns relative to these parameters. 相似文献
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Lars-Göran Danielsson 《Marine Chemistry》1980,8(3):199-215
Results of trace-metal analyses of water samples obtained during a cruise with the Soviet R.V. “Akademik Kurchatov” in the Indian Ocean are presented. The determinations were performed on board with atomic absorption spectrophotometry after a two-stage dithiocarbamate—Freon extraction procedure. Trace-metal concentrations found are in the same range as those found recently for similar open-ocean areas by other workers. The values for lead and zinc are probably high due to contamination. Vertical profiles indicate biogenic processes as controlling factors for the increase of cadmium, copper and nickel concentrations with depth. Iron shows an irregular depth distribution as a result of large random variations in concentration. 相似文献
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E. Wolanski P. Colin J. Naithani E. Deleersnijder Y. Golbuu 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2004,60(4):705-716
Three years of temperature data along two transects extending to 90 m depth, at Palau, Micronesia, show twice-a-day thermocline vertical displacements of commonly 50–100 m, and on one occasion 270 m. The internal wave occurred at a number of frequencies. There were a number of spectral peaks at diurnal and semi-diurnal frequencies, as well as intermediate and sub-inertial frequencies, less so at the inertial frequency. At Palau the waves generally did not travel around the island because there was no coherence between internal waves on either side of the island. The internal waves at a site 30 km offshore were out-of-phase with those on the island slopes, suggesting that the waves were generated on the island slope and then radiated away. Palau Island was thus a source of internal wave energy for the surrounding ocean. A numerical model suggests that the tidal and low-frequency currents flowing around the island form internal waves with maximum wave amplitude on the island slope and that these waves radiate away from the island. The model also suggests that the headland at the southern tip of Palau prevents the internal waves to rotate around the island. The large temperature fluctuations (commonly daily fluctuations ≈10 °C, peaking at 20 °C) appear responsible for generating a thermal stress responsible for a biologically depauperate biological community on the island slopes at depths between 60 and 120 m depth. 相似文献