共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
海带和马尾藻中褐藻胶的糖醛酸组成与序列结构的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从中国产海带和3种马尾藻中提取褐藻胶,用IR谱分析其褐藻酸的结构特征,用高分辨~1H-NMR(400MHz)测定无损褐藻酸钠的单体组成和序列结构。IR谱表明了这4种褐藻酸单体组成的差异性。NMR谱的结果表明:海带、海蒿子、海黍子和鼠尾藻中褐藻胶的G组分摩尔分数F_G依次为0.35,0.40,0.45和0.44,而相应的GG二聚重复单元摩尔分数F_(GG)分别为0.21,0.37,0.36和0.34,即海带的F_(GG)明显小于三种马尾藻。文中引入一嵌段分布参数η=F_(MG)/(F_M·F_G),相应的η值依次为0.62,0.13,0.36和0.41,这表明了序列分布的差异性。 相似文献
2.
生物合成的途径决定了褐藻胶分子水平的差异。要深刻地认识褐藻胶结构与功能的关系,必须研究其生物合成途径,才能提高褐藻胶的性能和品位,发挥生物多糖的潜在用途。 相似文献
3.
1881年Stanford首次自海带类海藻加碱提取出一种胶质,命名为“Algin”(褐藻胶),并对它的化学性质进行了初步研究。后来经过许多化学家对这种胶质的化组成和结构进行了多年的研究,才确定褐藻胶是一种主要由?-D甘露糖醛酸残基通过1,4位碳原子互相键合的多糖。"褐藻胶"这一名词在广义上包括水不溶性的褐藻酸、与多价金属离子构成的水不溶性褐藻酸盐类、以及与碱金属离子或铵基构成的水溶性褐藻酸盐类;狭义的说来,则指褐藻酸纳而言,因为市场上的商品主要是纳盐。 相似文献
4.
褐藻胶是组成褐藻胶细胞壁的一种重要成分。虽然它在藻体内的存在形式至今尚不很清楚,但由藻体的化学成分分析大致可以确定,大部分褐藻胶是与钙离子粘合成水不溶性盐类,或者在生长的藻体中与钙、铁的股体化合物桔合着,而不是以游离的褐藻酸状态存在。
褐藻胶的含量随着藻体的生长季节不同而有显著的变异,一般说来,在春季快速生长期间褐藻胶积累量较多;但这些报导中都没谈到揭藻胶在质上(即粘度)的变化。而关于马尾藻类在不同季节中的褐藻胶质与量的同时比较研究的文献,至今我们还未见到。
1953年以来,我俩在进行海蒿子褐藻胶提取方法的实验过程中,察觉到海蒿子所含褐藻胶的质和量都有季节性的变化。为了给我国褐藻胶工业的建立提供可靠的基本资料, 1954年起我们连续地每月测定了海蒿子中褐藻胶的含量和粘度。 相似文献
5.
6.
Vibrio sp.510产褐藻胶裂合酶的底物专一性分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Vibrio sp.51 0具有很强的产生褐藻胶裂合酶的能力。本实验对该菌发酵产生的褐藻胶裂合酶经疏水色谱除去杂蛋白 ,再经灌注色谱分离得到 3个酶组分峰。经底物专一性检测 ,峰 1和峰 3对聚甘露糖醛酸和聚古罗糖醛酸均具降解作用 ,峰 2只对聚甘露糖醛酸有降解作用。园二色谱测定酶的二级结构 :峰 1结构最为复杂 ,以β-转角为最高 ,占 31 .5% ,无规线团占 2 7% ,α-螺旋占 2 5.8% ;峰2为β-折叠 ,占 95.5% ;峰 3以 60 %的α-螺旋和 40 %的无规线团形式存在。 3个分离峰的底物专一性和二级结构的差异证明了褐藻胶裂合酶蛋白的结构与功能之间的相关性。 相似文献
7.
采用高效毛细管电泳法（HPCE）对酶解褐藻胶寡糖进行了分离分析,考察了缓冲液浓度、pH、电压及温度等参数对寡糖分离的影响.实验结果表明在pH=2.5,100mmol/L 磷酸盐缓冲液中,运行电压20kV,电泳由负极到正极,温度30℃,235nm紫外检测条件下,酶解褐藻胶寡糖获得了高效分离. 相似文献
8.
褐藻胶(Na-alginate)工业在国外已有半个多世纪的历史,其工艺流程及生产设备等都日趋标准化,产品的种类及其在工业上的用途也走向多样化。我国在五十年代初期曾呈奎和纪明侯就用野生的马尾藻作为原料进行了褐藻胶的提取研究,井确立了褐藻胶的生产工艺,从而诞生了我国的褐藻胶工业。六十年代以来,由于海带的大量人工栽培，褐藻胶生产便采用海带作为原料,由此,这个新兴工业迅猛发展。目前,中国的褐藻胶生产的规模和产量在世界上已名列前矛,除了主产品褐藻胶以外,还同时生产甘露醇、碘等联产品。但这个工业还存在不少问题,特別是褐藻胶的粘度、透明度及色泽等质量指标是人们极为关切的问题。本文拟就海藻原料的前处理工艺对胶的质量和产量的影响做一系统的研究。 相似文献
9.
褐藻胶是一种多糖 ,它是线性长链聚合物 ,其基本单元几乎都是糖醛酸组分。最普通的褐藻胶是褐藻酸钠 ,它具有增稠、悬浮、乳化、稳定、形成凝胶和形成薄膜等特性 ,大量、广泛地被应用于食品、医药、化妆品以及纺织、造纸、涂料等工业方面［１］。自１９６９年以来 ,我国的褐藻胶工业主要以海带为原料生产褐藻胶。但巨藻个体大、生长快、产量高、分布广且价格低 ,因此国外广泛采用巨藻生产褐藻胶。进入９０年代以来 ,国内众多厂家纷纷采用进口巨藻作原料生产褐藻胶。但所用工艺基本上是沿袭以海带为原料的生产工艺 ,耗时长 ,效益低。因此利用… 相似文献
10.
一种新的褐藻胶寡糖制备方法—氧化降解法 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
建立了一种新的褐藻胶寡糖的制备方法,即氧化降解法。通过褐藻胶来源的聚甘露糖醛酸(PM)在不同浓度的过氧化氢、不同温度和不同反应时间下降解优选降解条件。以包含3～11糖单体的寡糖混合物为目标产物,以相应的降解产物的平均分子质量为1500u为选择标准,获得氧化降解法的最佳条件：过氧化氢浓度5％,反应温度90℃,降解时间2h。以该条件降解PM获得的降解产物经圆二色谱、紫外光谱及红外光谱测定表明,制备的寡糖保持了甘露糖醛酸的结构特点。提示该方法可用于褐藻胶寡糖的制备。 相似文献
11.
一种来自海洋细菌的血纤维蛋白溶酶的分离纯化及性质研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用硫酸铵分级盐析、DEAE－纤维素阴离子交换层析、Sephadex G-75凝胶层析法对由海洋细菌FE92－8分泌的纤维蛋白溶酶进行了分离纯化，结果得到SDS－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳单一区带。性质研究发现，该酶分子量为12.6kD，等电点为7.45，琼脂糖－纤维蛋白平板法测得该酶作用的最适温度为50℃，最适pH为8.0，在37℃，pH为8.0的情况下表现出很好的稳定性，温度起来50℃热稳定性较差，在碱性环境中稳定性较在酸性环境中稳定性强，阴性平板和阳性平板对比实验发现，该酶只有纤溶活性而无激酶活性，体外实验发现，该酶具有快速溶解血栓的能力。 相似文献
12.
《Marine Policy》2013
Marine spatial planning (MSP) has a need for spatial delimitation and for the identification of spatial classes. This paper reports on the findings of a pilot study that was undertaken to test the development of a data informed spatial typology for the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is a comparatively shallow sea with nine adjoining countries and intense anthropogenic activities. The aim of the study was to assess the applicability and value of such a spatial typology for MSP. A spatial typology with seven different spatial classes was identified. The approach used here to identify a spatial typology could be used for seas worldwide. 相似文献
13.
The PDFs (probability density functions) and probability of a ship rolling under the random parametric and forced excitations were studied by a semi-analytical method. The rolling motion equation of the ship in random oblique waves was established. The righting arm obtained by the numerical simulation was approximately fitted by an analytical function. The irregular waves were decomposed into two Gauss stationary random processes, and the CARMA (2, 1) model was used to fit the spectral density function of parametric and forced excitations. The stochastic energy envelope averaging method was used to solve the PDFs and the probability. The validity of the semi-analytical method was verified by the Monte Carlo method. The C11 ship was taken as an example, and the influences of the system parameters on the PDFs and probability were analyzed. The results show that the probability of ship rolling is affected by the characteristic wave height, wave length, and the heading angle. In order to provide proper advice for the ship''s manoeuvring, the parametric excitations should be considered appropriately when the ship navigates in the oblique seas. 相似文献
14.
D. E. Calkins 《Ocean Engineering》1999,26(11):1193
The objective of this exercise was the development of a computer simulation of a US Navy towed system (towed body and line array) capable of near real-time predictive capabilities. The purpose of the computer simulation was to be able to determine the lateral motion of the towed body in response to ship maneuvers. The theoretical approach was to develop a spatial-domain computer simulation of each of the towed system components treated as a system, and then develop a “metamodel” of the response by using simple algebraic expressions. At-sea trials were conducted aboard US Navy vessels to verify the simulation and fine-tune its performance. 相似文献
15.
16.
The pressure tolerant TV (PTTV) camera is a significant advance in underwater TV cameras. Pressure tolerant means the camera is not protected from the ambient pressure, no matter at what depth it is operating. All the electronics, including the imager, and the lens are exposed to ambient pressure, though protected from the water in a fluid filled case. Though the PTTV camera is small (less than 7.5 cm diameter by 15 cm long), it is but the first step in the evolution of smaller (less than 64 cm3), lighter (less than 100 g), inexpensive underwater TV cameras. The PTTV camera began as a commercial charge-coupled device (CCD) imager TV camera. The electronic components were either modified for operation as pressure tolerant components or replaced with components that were known to be pressure tolerant. A liquid filled housing was fabricated for the camera as was a liquid filled lens. The completed PTTV camera was then tested to a depth of 6500 m and found to operate as well at this depth as at the surface. 相似文献
17.
The present study clarifies the enzymatic properties of two avian cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) paralogs, CYP1A4 and 1A5, using a yeast-based vector system. Recombinant CYP1A4 and 1A5 proteins from common cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) were expressed in yeast cells, and showed typical reduced CO-difference spectra with a peak at 446 nm. Kinetic analysis of O-dealkylase of methoxy-, ethoxy-, pentoxy- and benzyloxyresorufin catalyzed by the CYP1A enzymes revealed that Vmax value for ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity was much higher than that for the other three O-dealkylase activities for both isozymes. Interestingly, remarkable substrate specificity of the CYP1As was observed for O-dealkylation of benzyloxyresorufin and methoxyresorufin; CYP1A4 was highly specific for catalyzing benzyloxyresorufin-O-debenzylase activity, whereas CYP1A5 was more efficient in catalyzing methoxyresorufin-O-demethylase activity. The present study also measured CYP1A-dependent EROD activity in the presence of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) to evaluate the ability of this dioxin-like congener to inhibit the EROD activity. One hundred nanomolar TCDF noncompetitively inhibited CYP1A5-dependent EROD activity, although no inhibitory effect was detected for CYP1A4-dependent EROD activity. These results indicate that the avian CYP1A paralogs have different affinities for substrate and inhibitor, thus suggesting their distinct physiological and toxicological roles. 相似文献
18.
Yiguo Xue Binghua Zhou Daohong Qiu Maoxin Su Chuanqi Qu Xueliang Zhang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(10):1267-1276
AbstractThe overlying rock thickness of a subsea tunnel controls its vertical line. It not only ensures the safety and stability of tunnel construction period and operation period, but also ensures the economy of subsea tunnel. In the current research, few papers give full consideration to the complex indicators of prediction the overlying rock thickness. However, in this study, a hybrid intelligent system was established to predict the overlying rock thickness of a subsea tunnel based on Qingdao Kiaochow Bay Subsea Tunnel, China. The sea depth, basic quality index of rock mass, soft soil layer thickness, permeability coefficient, and construction management level were selected as the main factors influencing the overlying rock thickness. Using the data obtained from project site exploration, objective weight factors were calculated using rough set theory, and subjective weight factors were calculated using the analytic hierarchy process. Furthermore, the combination of weights was obtained for each factor. Finally, the weight of influencing factors was incorporated into the extension model, and the overlying rock thickness of pending section was calculated. The results of overlying rock thickness prediction model are consistent with the actual value, indicating that the model has good engineering applicability and application value. 相似文献
19.
在完善ＧＰＳ导航方式的过程中，引入重要目标点的概念，并以此为思想指导，修改原导航程序，使之多个目标点明确、直观地显示于驾驶台及船上各实验室的计算机显示屏幕上。从而提高船舶停靠站位的精度，并使船舶停靠原站位具可重复性。这样，满足了海上地质勘测和石油化探中多点间歇采样的需要，同时，亦提高了工作效率并有利于船舶航行安全。 相似文献
20.
针对移动式海洋地震仪对控制系统电路设计的可靠性和低功耗的需求,提出了一种基于Cortex-M4内核芯片的硬件电路设计方案。首先选用超低功耗的STM32L4芯片作为微控制单元,在保证高运行能力的同时降低自身功耗;其次针对MCU(Microprogrammed Control Unit)、传感器等超低功耗模块提出针对性的两级降压方案,从而大大提高电路的电能转换效率;对于浮力调节模块、通信模块等高功耗模块,选用合适的降压芯片保证电路安全和提高转换效率;最后针对外部设备的周围电路进行滤波和保护处理。通过试验分别验证了不同模块的可靠性,证明该硬件电路可以支撑地震仪完成完整的观测任务,电路设计可靠性高。 相似文献