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通过对南海北部塔基单站单层强冷空气入侵过程的三维风速记录进行小波分析,研究南海北部一次强冷空气过程,风水平速度和垂向速度的三维相干特征,得到相干结构的生成周期及演变特征.结果表明:在强冷空气入侵过程中,主要阵风扰动相干结构有两类,一是持续时间较短(约1min),发生周期2~10 min之间的不连续相干结构;二是持续时间与发生周期几乎相等的连续相干结构,其持续时间和周期在1~13 min之间.连续相干结构要比非连续相干结构能量大、分布广、周期变化多.后者在冷锋南侵强风对流天气影响下,扰动作用大,混合加剧,相干结构充分发展,表现出连续的相干结构特征.相干结构的生成及能量分布与阵风风速有密切的关系,阵风风速越大相干结构越活跃.冷锋南侵时,阵风扰动与垂向通量传输呈同向锁相关系,是下沉气流传输的主要扰动因素.风间歇期(小风),有上升气流,主要是西北风动量的脉动下传,感热上传,随着强冷空气的到来,风向转为强冷北风阵风,下沉气流加剧. 相似文献
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基于2018年10月21日至11月6日莱州湾西岸连续站观测数据,本文利用集合经验模态分解、希尔伯特?黄变换和小波分析法对底层单宽输沙率的小尺度特征做分析,并针对观测期间出现的大风天气对泥沙输运的影响进行了探究。结果表明,单宽输沙率在观测时间段内具有高频、潮周期、低频以及长周期尺度变化特征,周期尺度从小到大。其中高频和潮周期分量方差贡献率及所含能量最高,对输沙率的影响最强。边际谱显示东西方向输沙率的显著周期为13.3 h,南北方向大于11 h的周期较为显著。观测期间底层净泥沙通量分别为东向305.77 kg/m、南向597.25 kg/m,余流分量贡献最大,低频和高频分量贡献最小。上强迫风场主要在风速衰减期通过湍流和波浪影响输沙速率的时频分布,使其低频变化显著增强的同时,产生1 h周期左右的高频波动。交叉小波分析显示,风速和单宽输沙率在低频波段上相干性较强,且单宽输沙率会滞后风速1/4至1/2个周期。另外,风浪会增强泥沙输运的涨落潮不对称性,进而增加潮周期分量上的泥沙净输运。 相似文献
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为揭示近 70 年东亚夏季风与黄河夏季入海径流量的多尺度特征以及二者之间的响应关系，本文利用集合经验模态分解 （EEMD） 和小波分析对二者的多尺度特征进行研究，利用交叉小波分析和小波相干性等方法对东亚夏季风和黄河夏季入海径流量在时频域内的共振周期以及相干性进行探究。结果表明：东亚夏季风具有显著的年际、年代际尺度特征，且以年际周期振荡最为显著，其中，2.7 a 左右的周期尺度对东亚夏季风的整体影响程度最高，另外，40 a 左右的年代际周期亦具有较强显著性。黄河夏季入海径流量的年际、年代际尺度周期均通过了 80 %的显著性检验，且以 2.1 a 左右的年际周期为主。东亚夏季风与黄河夏季入海径流量的交叉小波功率谱显示二者在 2 a、6~7 a 左右具有显著的共振周期，且在 1980— 1990 年之间通过了 95 %的显著性检验，由二者的小波相干谱发现，东亚夏季风和径流量的显著性在低能量区大于高能量区，且东亚夏季风提前径流量约 1/4 个周期，另外，1980—2000 年之间在 6~7 a 左右周期尺度上二者的相干性极强。该研究可为黄河下游水资源管理及预测提供一定的理论依据。 相似文献
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利用ERA_interim再分析资料以及OISST高分辨率海面温度(Sea surface temperature,SST)卫星观测数据,通过小波分析、二维模态相关(Pattern correlation)等方法系统地分析了黑潮延伸体区域涡旋尺度SST信号的季节内变化特征。发现涡旋尺度SST季节内变化信号在冬季最强、夏季最弱。该信号主要分布在黑潮-亲潮海洋锋面区域,在日本沿岸振幅最强、并沿黑潮、亲潮锋面向东延伸,其标准差高达1℃,是该海域冬季SST的重要变化信号。涡旋尺度SST的季节内变化周期以40～100 d周期为主,会引起大气边界层的响应,激发海气界面湍流热通量、海面气温、边界层高度等同位相的季节内变化。在该区域涡旋信号较强个数较多的时间段SST异常的季节内变化信号更明显,边界层大气与涡旋尺度SST季节内变化信号的相关程度更大。 相似文献
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基于小波变换的水沙关系特征分析:以长江大通站为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据长江大通站近50年(1957～1999年)的水沙数据,利用复Morlet小波变换,分析水沙时间序列多尺度小波特征,建立了不同时间尺度上的水沙关系式.分析结果显示:(1) 大通站水沙序列年内洪、枯季周期波动最为显著,流量的长周期特征明显,含沙量与输沙量的短周期特征显著.(2) 大通站水沙序列多尺度特征明显,流量的振荡周期主要为3～6 a和8～16 a;含沙量多尺度振荡周期较为平稳,4～6 a的周期振荡中心尺度呈明显下降的趋势;输沙量以4～6 a和10～14 a的周期显著振荡,输沙量变化平稳,较含沙量变化有一定的滞后期.(3) 根据流量小波特征分析,近50年的水沙变化过程大致可分为3个时期,分时段拟合水沙关系曲线,发现总体水沙曲线的指数与正常期和丰水期的接近,而与少水期的存在较大的差距.少水期系数较小、指数较大,表明在少水期泥沙的供给量较少,但水流的搬运能力增强. 相似文献
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利用2010年4月3日在舟山外海观测的25hLADCP海流数据与CTD连续观测数据,综合利用Thorpe方法、功率谱分析、交叉谱分析等方法对测站所在海域的小尺度湍混合参数进行估计,分析并讨论了其时空分布特征及影响因子。研究结果表明,上混合层湍流所致的垂向翻转尺度普遍大于下混合层,较大尺度翻转均出现在潮位峰值附近,涨潮时段混合明显大于落潮时段且半日周期,1/4周期显著。该站点存在明显的"上强下弱"双密度跃层现象,湍动能耗散率、湍混合率也呈现出"表强底弱"特征。弱跃层中近惯性频率的内波和近半日潮频率的内潮信号最为显著,而强跃层中则是高频内波和近半日潮频率的内潮信号明显,上下跃层及其之间伴有间歇性强湍流发生。上混合层平均的湍混合对风应力的响应要快于对海流的响应,底应力是下混合层水体湍混合的重要因子。 相似文献
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由于海洋平台结构长期处于恶劣的海洋环境中,并受到各种载荷的交互作用,结构容易产生各种形式的损伤。因此,对海洋平台进行实时监测有着十分重要的现实意义。以单筒简易导管架平台为例,主要在结构损伤的判定和定位两方面对海洋平台的实时结构健康监测进行研究,结果表明通过对结构响应信号进行小波分析,小波变换系数和小波包能量分布可以很好地定义损伤识别指标。 相似文献
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《Coastal Engineering》2006,53(5-6):441-462
The structure of large-scale turbulence under a broken solitary wave on a 1 in 50 plane slope was studied. Three-component velocity measurements were taken at different heights above a smooth bed in the middle surf zone using an acoustic Doppler velocimeter. The measured data showed that turbulent velocity components were well correlated in the middle part of the water column. The velocity correlations could be produced by an oblique vortex similar to the obliquely descending eddy observed previously by other investigators. The vertical distributions of the relative values of the components of the Reynolds stress tensor showed that the structure of turbulence evolved continuously between the free surface and the bottom. The evolution was related to transition from two-dimensional to three-dimensional flow structures and the effect of the solid bottom on flow structures. Time histories of measured turbulent kinetic energy and turbulence stresses showed episodic turbulent events near the free surface but more sporadic turbulence in the lower layer. Large or intense turbulent events were found to have short duration and time lag relative to the wave crest point. These events also maintained good correlations between the turbulence velocity components close to the bottom.Instantaneous turbulent velocity fields were measured near the bottom at the same cross-shore location by using a stereoscopic particle image velocimetry system. These measurements showed that the near-bed flow field was characterized by large-scale, coherent flow structures that were the sources of most of the turbulent kinetic energy and turbulence stresses. The types of organized flow structures observed included vortices and downbursts of turbulence descending directly from above, lateral spreading of turbulent fluid along the bed, and formation of vortices in shear layers between fluid streams. A common feature of the organized flow structures near the bed was the large turbulence velocities in the longitudinal and transverse directions, which reflected the influence of a solid bottom on the breaking-wave-generated turbulence arriving at the bed. 相似文献
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1 .IntroductionInthe whole service period of the platforms ,some damage is unavoidable due to the corrosion,impact ,fatigue and so on.The damage whould cause the structures’ultimate capacity and safety de-crease .Presently,it is generally acceptedthat the detection of damage involes considerable statisticaluncertainties,thus lot of efforts is made for the damage probalility model ,for example Song and Lu(1996) usedthefuzzy-settheoryto estimatethe humanerrorsthroughthe definitionof inspection… 相似文献
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1 .IntroductionUnder the influence of surface waves ,sandripples often appear on beaches . Whenthe amplitudeof water oscillationis sufficientlylarge ,vortices are formed onthe lee of every sand ripple crest . A-mongthese vortices ,the most important are t… 相似文献
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本文采用经验模式分解 (EMD)与小波变换相结合的方法分析非平稳机械故障信号的奇异性 ,进行机械故障诊断。与直接对原信号进行小波分析相比较 ,该方法提取的奇异性特征明显。数值模拟和对故障轴承的振动信号分析表明了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
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The two-dimensional wavelet transform is a very efficient bandpass filter, which can be used to separate various scales of processes and show their relative phase/location. In this paper, algorithms and techniques for automated detection and tracking of mesoscale features from satellite imagery employing wavelet analysis are developed. The wavelet transform has been applied to satellite images, such as those from synthetic aperture radar (SAR), advanced very-high-resolution radiometer (AVHRR), and coastal zone color scanner (CZCS) for feature extraction. The evolution of mesoscale features such as oil slicks, fronts, eddies, and ship wakes can be tracked by the wavelet analysis using satellite data from repeating paths. Several examples of the wavelet analysis applied to various satellite images demonstrate the feasibility of this technique for coastal monitoring 相似文献
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A wavelet energy method is presented to search the critical incidence of earthquake excitation in a multi-dimensional seismic response of offshore platforms. The total effective energy and the instantaneous effective energy input rate of an earthquake can be obtained by wavelet transformation to predict the critical incidence of the earthquake and then the maximum dynamic response of the platform can be calculated. The critical incidence is determined using this method for an actual platform and a group of single degree-of-freedom systems. Numerical results show that the application of wavelet transform in a multi-dimensional seismic response of structures is convenient and reliable. 相似文献
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Wave grouping characteristics in nearshore Great Lakes 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The recently advanced approach of wavelet transform is applied to the analysis of wave data measured in the nearshore areas of the Great Lakes. The conventional spectrum analysis of wave time series in the frequency domain can be readily generalized to the frequency and time domain using the wavelet transform. The traditional Fourier transform approach has not been able to directly assess the time localized nature of wave groups. With the application of wavelet transformation, the relatively unexplored wave grouping characteristics come to light as the predominant feature of wave processes. 相似文献
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Wavelet and artificial neural network analyses of tide forecasting and supplement of tides around Taiwan and South China Sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In multi-resolution analysis (MRA) by wavelet function Daubechies (db), we decompose the signal in two parts, the low and high-frequency contents. We remove the high-frequency content and reconstruct a new “de-noise” signal by using inverse wavelet transform. The calculation of tidal constituent phase-lags was made to determine the input and output data patterns used in building network structure of Artificial Neuron-Network (ANN) model. The “de-noise” signal was, then, used as the input data to improve the forecasting accuracy of the ANN model. The wavelet spectrum, conventional energy spectrum (fast Fourier transform, FFT), and harmonic analysis were used to analyze the characteristics of tidal data.Using only a very short-period data as a training data set in Artificial Neuron-Network Back-Propagate (ANN-BP) model, the developed ANN+Wavelet model can accurately predict or supply the missing tide data for a long period (1–5 years). The results also show that the concept of tidal constituent phase-lags can improve ANN model of tidal forecasting and data supplement. The addition of the wavelet analysis to ANN method can prominently improve the prediction quality. 相似文献