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1.
东海陆架HY126EA1孔沉积物稀土元素地球化学 总被引：17，自引：1，他引：17
HY126EA1孔沉积物稀土元素总量(∑REE)变化范围不大,分布范围为123.45～187.12μg/g,平均值为164.07μg/g,接近于全球沉积物平均稀土元素含量(150～300μg/g)的下限,高于黄海、东海表层沉积物的平均含量,低于渤海、南海表层沉积物的平均含量.各类沉积物以及不同时期同类沉积物的稀土元素标准化曲线的变化趋势非常一致,表明这些沉积物具有相同的物源区.∑REE,δEu和δCe在垂向上具有明显变化,反映了沉积物源区气候环境的阶段性变化. 相似文献
2.
对南黄海中部SYSC-1孔0～30 m段岩芯稀土元素(REE)和粒度进行分析，结合年代测定，研究了沉积物REE组成特征及其影响因素，并对其物质来源变化进行了探讨。结果表明，∑REE含量为111.66～231.12μg/g，垂向分布变化较大，均值与中国黄土∑REE均值比较接近。∑REE与粒度变化有一定的相关性，但(La/Yb)N、(Gd/Yb)N和(δEu)N等参数受粒级影响较小。稀土元素分异参数有效示踪了物质来源，与周边河流对比发现，SYSC-1孔沉积物(La/Yb)N和(δEu)N散点图分布位置与黄河和长江较为一致，而与朝鲜半岛河流有明显不同。REE判别函数(DF)的物源区分结果表明，钻孔MIS6期经历了一次大的物源转换，沉积物由长江源(27.98～30 m)转为黄河源(24.24～27.98 m)。MIS5.5—MIS5.1期间(24.24～16.98 m)发育了浅水陆架冷水团沉积，主要是长江源细颗粒沉积物被古黄海暖流由南往北携带而来，并在冷涡区附近沉积下来。MIS5.1—... 相似文献
3.
闽江钻孔沉积物微量元素地球化学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
河流沉积物微量元素特征对指示沉积演化历史、沉积环境及沉积物的物质来源具有十分重要的示踪作用。闽江福州段540cm的沉积物微量元素比值(Rb/Sr和Sr/Ba)和稀土元素地球化学特征,敏锐地指示了沉积环境从河流快速转变为沼泽的突变点,同时,也清楚地指示了不同沉积环境下的物源变化。受控于闽江流域丰富的岩浆岩和稀土资源以及呈酸性的福建土壤和闽江水体,闽江钻孔沉积物REE明显高于上地壳、长江和黄河,与福建土壤最为接近。经过球状陨石和北美页岩标准化之后,闽江钻孔沉积物稀土元素分配模式呈右倾型,与长江和黄河沉积相比具有更好的轻稀土富集。δEu负异常和δCe正异常非常显著,并且与∑REE密切相关,表明它们均受到源区环境变化和搬运作用的控制。 相似文献
4.
用等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)对冲绳海槽北部Y127孔16个沉积物样品的稀土元素(REE)进行了分析。根据AMS14C测年结果,Y127孔记录了冲绳海槽约15kaB.P.以来的沉积历史。约11.1kaB.P.以来,沉积物的稀土元素总量(ΣREE)由表层102.4μg/g向下增加到136.1μg/g,平均为123.3μg/g。15—11.1ka,ΣREE在149.1—169.2μg/g之间,平均为158.6μg/g,总体趋势由上向下逐渐增加。轻、重稀土元素比值(ΣLREE/ΣHREE)在上述两个时间段中分别为8.16和9.42,其变化趋势与∑REE的完全相同。La/Sm在两个时段分别为6.70和7.15。球粒陨石标准化的结果表明,15kaB.P.以来冲绳海槽北部沉积物具有相同的配分模式,表现为LREE富集,HREE弱亏损。δEu的值在0.69—0.76之间,中等程度的负Eu异常;δCe在0.85—0.95之间,为弱的负Ce异常。经页岩标准化(NASC)后,REE配分模式曲线平坦,弱的正Eu异常和弱的负Ce异常。通过Y127孔沉积物REE特征与长江、黄河沉积物的对比研究,在15—11.1kaB.P.沉积物的REE组成基本反映了源区的物质组成特征,沉积物主要以长江物质为主,影响沉积物REE特征的主要因素是海平面变化和源区的物质特征。11.1kaB.P.以来,由于海平面上升,可能仅有少量黄河来源物质进入冲绳海槽北部,源区沉积环境和沉积物的组织,加上火山物质和生源组分的共同作用,形成了这一时期沉积物的REE特征。 相似文献
5.
渭南黄土剖面中的稀土元素 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
对渭南黄土－古土壤序列中稀土元素含量和分布特征的研究结果表明：古土壤比黄土层的∑REE表现丰度高,这主要是古土壤中碳酸盐遭到强烈淋滤造成的相对富集。实际上,在成土过程中稀土元素本身有淋失。黄土层和古土壤层的稀土元素组合模式彼此相似,并且与黄河中游黄土也极相似,这反映了中国黄土的物质来自于相似的源区。黄土中稀土元素对古气候变化的响应主要表现在Ce的异常程度、各种稀土的组成和稀土总量的表现丰度上。因而,δCe、∑Ce/∑Y和∑REE也能从一个方面气候环境的变化。 相似文献
6.
北冰洋深海广泛分布的富锰棕色沉积层(棕色层)是海冰、洋流、物源供给等多种因素共同作用的结果，本文基于西北冰洋门捷列夫海岭ARC07-E25岩芯沉积物稀土元素与微量元素含量、颜色反射率参数、粗颗粒组分和无机碳含量的变化特征，对该类沉积层中稀土元素的组成特征、形成机制和物质来源进行了综合分析。结果显示，沉积物稀土元素总含量(∑REE)在122.37×10?6～231.94×10?6之间变化，北美页岩标准化配分模式显示出轻微的中稀土(MREE)富集以及由La、Ce、Nd主导的较强的轻稀土(LREE)优势。沉积物中∑REE随着粗组分颗粒(如冰筏碎屑)的增多而呈现降低趋势，表明门捷列夫海脊沉积物中的稀土元素主要富集在细粒沉积物中。根据∑REE在沉积物中的变化特征将E25岩芯沉积物划分为4种地层，反映出了冰期/间冰期的气候转变过程中温暖条件下形成的棕色层与寒冷条件下形成的浅灰绿色沉积层(灰色层)的岩性旋回中稀土元素组成的差异，由于两种沉积层在形成时受到不同的底层水氧化还原环境的控制，导致了铈(Ce)元素在氧化水体中会由Ce3+氧化为Ce4+并发生沉降，而在还原水体中则由Ce4+还原为Ce3+发生溶解，这一特性使LREE含量产生较大波动，进而影响到∑REE，使之趋于在代表氧化条件的棕色层中升高而在代表还原条件的灰色层中降低。R型因子分析和物质来源判别结果显示，E25岩芯沉积物中稀土元素与亲碎屑元素(Nb、U、Th)有较好的相关性，主要来源于东西伯利亚海和新西伯利亚群岛的近岸侵蚀物质以及勒拿河物质的输入。 相似文献
7.
南海北部陆坡海洋沉积物稀土元素及物源和成岩环境 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11
通过对0DP184航次1146站位海底岩心沉积物中稀土元素含量及其配分模式的研究，确立了其分配规律，即相对富集轻稀土，Eu亏损等，并且与东海大陆架及中国黄土的稀土分布模式相似，表明本区沉积物物源主要来自陆源，是大陆岩石分化过程的产物。对富集因子的研究也证明了沉积物主要来自陆源。δCe的弱负异常值与∑REE和δEu值一样，主要受陆源源区气候环境变化控制，而与海水关系不大。稀土元素与生物作用基本无关，可能主要是赋存于陆源碎屑矿物的晶格中。通过对岩心沉积物间隙水成分的研究，表明成岩环境主要为还原环境。68m(mcd)以上主要为硫酸盐的还原作用，68m以下主要为甲烷的生物生成作用。 相似文献
8.
海底沉积物中稀土元素的分布特征受多种影响因子的影响,很难定量分析。北部湾沉积物稀土元素(∑REE)与物源、水动力、沉积物粒度和黏土矿物百分比等关系定性分析显示,本区∑REE的物源主要由陆源岩石控制,弱水动力和细颗粒度都对应较高含量的∑REE。结合北部湾海底沉积物的位置、砾石含量、砂含量、粉砂含量、黏土含量和黏土矿物含量训练出来的BP神经网络在控制变量的情况下定量分析各影响因子与∑REE的关系,获得单个影响因子与∑REE的关系曲线。这些关系曲线揭示了北部湾沉积物中稀土元素与各影响因子的联系,所获结果与定性分析结果基本一致,该方法能够通过自主学习,自动判断并定量计算,有助于识别每一个因子对稀土元素含量影响的大小,是如何控制∑REE的分布,从而根据曲线的变化规律结合实际情况去推断区域的环境变化及地质演变,对稀土元素的富集和分散分析提供有益的理论指导。 相似文献
9.
对东太平洋CC区中西部33站表层沉积物进行了稀土元素(REE,包括Y)地球化学研究。结果表明,REE在沸石粘土中最富集,在硅质沉积物中含量明显偏低;所有沉积物样品中REE都存在Ce负异常和Eu正异常的轻稀土(LREE)亏损特征,表现为典型受到海水来源物质影响的REE配分模式;硅质粘土中Ce亏损程度、Eu正异常和REE富集程度都比硅质软泥更明显。与东区相比,西区沉积物中LREE、HREE(重稀土和钇元素)和∑REE(稀土元素总量)普遍偏高,LREE与HREE分异更明显,HREE相对更富集,LREE和Ce亏损更显著。研究区表层沉积物中REE主要来自海洋自生物质,同时受到陆源物质、海底火山物质的影响。 相似文献
10.
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(10)
通过对南黄海泥质区西北缘B01孔黏土粒级沉积物的主量、微量和稀土元素的地球化学特征分析,探讨其物质来源及其影响因素。B01孔岩芯黏土粒级沉积物主量、微量和稀土元素在垂向上具有明显变化,以150cm为界,上段元素含量波动强烈,下段相对稳定,B01岩芯黏土粒级沉积物轻重稀土分馏明显,轻稀土元素含量较高,经球粒陨石标准化的δEu明显负异常,δCe无明显异常,呈现负斜率右倾的稀土元素配分模式;经上陆壳(UCC)标准化的δEu和δCe均无明显异常,表明B01岩芯沉积物为陆源物质。(La/Yb)UCC—(Gd/Yb)UCC判别图、La/Sc、Th/Sc和判别函数结果表明B01岩芯具有黄河和长江混合物源特征,在这个物源体系中,黄河与长江物质交替出现,可能是受黄河改道和陆架沉积动力因素的影响,冷水团的形成与演化、黄海暖流的路径及强度变化和受季风驱动的黄海沿岸流都对B01岩芯的物源起到重要作用。 相似文献
11.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
12.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
13.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
14.
This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
15.
Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献
16.
Andrzej Chybicki 《Marine Geodesy》2018,41(1):1-23
Current trends of development of satellite derived bathymetry (SDB) models rely on applying calibration techniques including analytical approaches, neuro-fuzzy systems, regression optimization and others. In most of the cases, the SDB models are calibrated and verified for test sites, that provide favorable conditions for the remote derivation of bathymetry such as high water clarity, homogenous bottom type, low amount of sediment in the water and other factors. In this paper, a novel 3-dimensional geographical weighted regression (3GWR) SDB technique is presented, it binds together methods already presented in other studies, the geographically weighted local regression (GWR) model, with depth dependent inverse optimization. The proposed SDB model was calibrated and verified on a relatively difficult test site of the South Baltic near-shore areas with the use of multispectral observations acquired by a recently launched Sentinel-2 satellite observation system. By conducted experiments, it was shown that the proposed SDB model is capable of obtaining satisfactory results of RMSE ranging from 0.88 to 1.23[m] depending on the observation and can derive bathymetry for depths up to 12m. It was also shown, that the proposed approach may be used operationally, for instance, in the continuous assessment of temporal bathymetry changes, for areas important in the context of ensuring local maritime safety. 相似文献
17.
N. H. Khadge 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):251-258
As a part of the environmental impact assessment studies, geotechnical properties of sediments were determined in the Central Indian Basin. The undrained shear strength and index properties of the siliceous sediments were determined on 20 box cores of uniform dimension collected from various locations in five preselected sites. The maximum core length encountered was 41 cm and most of the sediments were siliceous oozes consisting of radiolarian or diatomaceous tests. The shear strength measurements revealed that surface sediments deposited in recent times (0-10 cm) have a shear strength of 0-1 kPa; this value increases with depth, reaching 10 kPa at 40 cm deep. Older sediments have greater strength because of compaction. Water content varies in the wide range of 312-577% and decreases with depth. The clay minerals such as smectite and illite are dominant and show some control over water content. Wet density, specific gravity, and porosity do not indicate any notable variation with depth, thereby indicating a uniform, slow rate of sedimentation. The average porosity of sediments is 90.2%, specific gravity 2.18, and wet bulk density 1.12 g/cm 3 . Sediments exhibit medium to high plasticity characteristics, with the average plasticity index varying between 105% and 136%. Preliminary studies on postdisturbance samples showed an increase in natural water content and a decrease in undrained shear strength of sediments in the top 10- to 15-cm layer. 相似文献
18.
Extreme sea levels associated with severe cyclonic storms are common occurrences along the east coast of India. The coastal districts of Orissa have experienced major surges in the past. The recent Paradip super cyclone is one of the most severe cyclones, causing extensive damage to property and loss of lives. Extreme sea levels are major causes for coastal flooding in this region. Damages can be minimized if the extreme sea levels are forecast well in advance. In the present study, we develop a location specific, fine resolution model for the Orissa coast on the lines similar to that of IIT-D storm surge model (Dube et al. 1994). The model runs on a personal computer. The bathymetry for the model is extracted from very fine resolution naval hydrographic charts for the region extending from the south of Orissa to south of West Bengal. A simple drying scheme has also been included in the model in order to avoid the exposure of land near the coast due to strong negative sea surface elevations. An attempt was made in this study to simulate extreme sea levels along the Orissa coast using the data of past severe cyclones. The model results reported in the present study are in good agreement with available observations or estimates. 相似文献
19.
An Improved Calibration of Satellite Altimetric Heights Using Tide Gauge Sea Levels with Adjustment for Land Motion 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Gary T. Mitchum 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(3):145-166
Several major improvements to an existing method for calibrating satellite altimeters using tide gauge data are described. The calibration is in the sense of monitoring and correcting temporal drift in the altimetric time series, which is essential in efforts to use the altimetric data for especially demanding applications. Examples include the determination of the rate of change of global mean sea level and the study of the relatively subtle, but climatically important, decadal variations in basin scale sea levels. The improvements are to the method described by Mitchum (1998a), and the modifications are of two basic types. First, since the method depends on the cancellation of true ocean signals by differencing the altimetric data from the tide gauge sea level time series, improvements are made that produce a more complete removal of the ocean signals that comprise the noise for the altimetric drift estimation problem. Second, a major error source in the tide gauge data, namely land motion, is explicitly addressed and corrections are developed that incorporate space-based geodetic data (continuous GPS and DORIS measurements). The long-term solution, having such geodetic measurements available at all the tide gauges, is not yet a reality, so an interim solution is developed. The improved method is applied to the TOPEX altimetric data. The Side A data (August 1992?February 1999) are found to have a linear drift component of 0.55 + / 0.39 mm/yr, but there is also a significant quadratic component to the drift that is presently unexplained. The TOPEX Side B altimeter is estimated to be biased by 7.0 + / 0.7 mm relative to the Side A altimeter based on an analysis of the first 350 days of Side B data. 相似文献
20.
J. N. Pattan Ch. M. Rao A. A. Migdisov S. Colley N. C. Higgs L. Demidenko 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):155-165
The rare earth element (REE) distribution in nine deep-sea ferromanganese nodules and their associated siliceous sediments from the Central Indian Ocean Basin (CIOB) have been studied to elucidate the REE relationship among them. Total REE concentration varies from 398-928 ppm in the nodules and 137-235 ppm in the associated sediments, suggesting two- to four-fold enrichment in the nodules compared to associated sediments. REE of nodules and their associated sediments show a positive correlation, suggesting REE are supplied from a common source such as seawater. The positive correlation between REE of nodules and sediments from the CIOB is contrary to the competitive scavenging of REE between nodules and sediment in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. REEs in the nodules are carried by Fe, P, and Ti, whereas in the sediment they are carried by P and Mn phases. A similar REE fractionation pattern with middle REE enrichment over heavy and light REE in both the nodules and their associated sediment suggest fractionation is independent of REE abundance and their carrier phases. 相似文献