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1.
海洋地理信息系统(MGIS)研究进展   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
海洋占全球面积的71%,21世纪是海洋开发的时候,其中海岸带及近海为开发利用的重点,海洋产业部门、沿海国家的各级政府及军事部门均需要快速获得有关海洋环境的综合信息和行为的决策依据。最近国际上出现的海洋地理信息系统(MGIS)已成为发展“数字海洋”的核心,通过MGIS的内涵基本功能,决策支持系统及应用实例介绍MGIS的应用前景。  相似文献   

2.
海洋地理信息系统理论基础及其关键技术研究   总被引:21,自引:4,他引:17  
海洋地理信息系统(MGIS)具有时空处理的强大能力,并在应用上具有潜在优势.以提取海洋现象特征为例,对其在海洋科学中的位置和作用进行了剖析,进而比较分析了MGIS不同于陆地地理信息系统的特殊理论技术的需求,从而定义其功能体系结构.结合所构建的MGIS,详细阐述在本系统创建中主要的理论技术关键,由此展示MGIS对我国海洋调查、研究、资源开发和保护以及国防建设等工作具有的重要意义.  相似文献   

3.
海洋地理信息系统(MGIS)中加入动态水面效果,可以有效地提升海洋环境仿真的真实感。本文从水波模型的构建出发,介绍了利用正弦波动方程模拟海面的方法;针对动态构建水面网格时高计算性能的需求,设计了基于GPU并行计算的架构;最后利用程序开发实现本文的设计思路,经过实验分析表明,该方法能够有效地模拟三维地理环境中动态海面的效果。  相似文献   

4.
21世纪是人类开发和利用海洋的世纪,海洋地理信息系统(MGIS)作为空间信息数据收集、存储、快速访问、综合管理、智能分析和解决实际空间问题的有力工具,具有强大的时空处理能力,已开始在海洋诸多领域进行应用.概述了MGIS的发展概况、基本功能,分析其在海洋研究各领域的应用现状及应用过程中面临的问题,并对MGIS的未来发展趋势进行了探讨.  相似文献   

5.
基于过程的海洋地理信息系统研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
地理信息系统(GIS)作为对蕴涵空间位置信息的数据进行采集、存储、管理、分发、分析、显示和应用的支撑技术,日益显示其对海洋研究的重要性.但传统的GIS主要以静态方式完成对地理空间“状态”的描述、操作和分析,而海洋永远处于不断变化中,需要处理的是海洋动态现象.要完整地表达和分析海洋动态现象的特征与变化规律,必须使地理信息系统具备对海洋动态过程的管理、处理和分析能力,亦即海洋地理信息系统(MGIS)需要将“过程”纳入其研究范围.为此,以过程处理为核心,发展海洋地理信息系统对时空信息处理的能力,充分利用多维信息可视化和组件化技术,开发了三层体系结构的大吞吐量开放式的海洋地理信息系统Maxplore.简要介绍了系统开发的关键技术与特色模块,包括海洋用户需求分析、MGIS的定位与总体设计、多源数据管理、栅格数据处理、海洋形态特征分析、多维时空动态、综合分析环境和海洋模型集成平台.  相似文献   

6.
为实现对海面风速精确的短期预测,提出了一种基于长短期记忆(LSTM,long short-term memory)神经网络的短期风速预测模型,选取OceanSITES数据库中单个浮标站点采集的风速历史数据作为模型输入,经过训练设置最佳参数等步骤,实现了以LSTM方法,对该站点所在海区海面风速在各季节性代表月份海面风速的24h短期预测。同时通过不同预测时长的实验以及与BP(back propagation)神经网络神经网络和径向基函数神经网络(radial basis function neural network,RBF)的预测效果对比实验,证明了LSTM预测方法相比上述两种神经网络预测方法,在海表面风速预测应用中的优越性。最后通过多个海域对应的站点风速数据预测实验,证明了LSTM神经网络模型的普遍适用性,由相关系数和预测误差的分析可知该方法具备应对急剧变化数据的预测稳定性,可以作为海洋表面风速短期预测的一种可靠方法。  相似文献   

7.
地理信息系统的发展及其在海洋领域中的应用   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
系统介绍了海洋地理信息系统(MGIS)的特点、成果和发展趋势,它使海洋信息数据的建库和管理向科学化、可视化、便捷化方向发展。海底蕴藏着丰富的矿产资源,而海岸带聚集着地球上大部分的人口和城市。因此,“数字海底”和“海岸带”研究是当前MGIS研究的切入点。  相似文献   

8.
地理信息系统(GIS)是海岸带资源和环境综合管理的强有力的技术手段。但它应用于海洋必须在数据结构、系统组成、软件功能等方面进行一系列改造,使之适应海洋的特点。经改造而适用于海洋的GIS,被称之为海洋地理信息系统(MGIS)或海岸带地理信息系统(CGIS),它具有许多不同于常规GIS的特点。  相似文献   

9.
修义瑞  李斌  刘忠 《海洋测绘》2009,29(4):64-66
利用专题地理信息系统(MGIS)应用开发接口,建立基于MGIS的海洋站实况显示系统,在通用的专题地理信息平台上,实现了海洋站实况信息与专题地理信息的融合显示与应用。可在数字地图上以符号及数值填图方式标绘海洋站实况中的填图要素信息,并可查询显示包括观测地点、观测时间在内的海洋站实况全部要素信息。  相似文献   

10.
海洋将成为21世纪国际竞争和开发的重点领域,海洋地理信息系统(Marine Geographic Information System)作为海洋产业建设和其他海事活动辅助决策的工具,得以快速发展和广泛应用。在总结我国MGIS的发展历程、应用领域的基础上,对其发展前景做了简单的评述。  相似文献   

11.
利用渤海和北黄海9个站位浮标的海面10 m气压和风速观测资料对ERA5再分析资料的适用性进行了初步评估。结果表明:海面气压和风速再分析资料与观测资料具有良好的相关性,不同时间尺度的统计结果具有一定差异,累年逐月的相关性优于日均和日极值,极端天气下的相关系数最低。不同时间尺度的统计结果显示,气压再分析资料与观测值的偏差总体为负值,即高压再分析资料较观测值偏弱、低压再分析资料较观测值偏强,二者存在一定的系统性偏差;风速统计结果显示,偏差与风力级别有关,大风速时,风速再分析资料普遍小于观测值。累年逐月再分析资料反映了研究区气压和风速的季节变化特征,偏差也呈现出季节性变化,且冬季的适用性优于夏季;极端天气情况下,气压和风速再分析资料的适用性较差,需要开展进一步的订正处理。  相似文献   

12.
Increase in sea surface temperature with global warming has an impact on coastal upwelling. Past two decades (1988 to 2007) of satellite observed sea surface temperatures and space borne scatterometer measured winds have provided an insight into the dynamics of coastal upwelling in the southeastern Arabian Sea, in the global warming scenario. These high resolution data products have shown inconsistent variability with a rapid rise in sea surface temperature between 1992 and 1998 and again from 2004 to 2007. The upwelling indices derived from both sea surface temperature and wind have shown that there is an increase in the intensity of upwelling during the period 1998 to 2004 than the previous decade. These indices have been modulated by the extreme climatic events like El-Nino and Indian Ocean Dipole that happened during 1991–92 and 1997–98. A considerable drop in the intensity of upwelling was observed concurrent with these events. Apart from the impact of global warming on the upwelling, the present study also provides an insight into spatial variability of upwelling along the coast. Noticeable fact is that the intensity of offshore Ekman transport off 8°N during the winter monsoon is as high as that during the usual upwelling season in summer monsoon. A drop in the meridional wind speed during the years 2005, 2006 and 2007 has resulted in extreme decrease in upwelling though the zonal wind and the total wind magnitude are a notch higher than the previous years. This decrease in upwelling strength has resulted in reduced productivity too.  相似文献   

13.
利用1999年8月-2009年7月具有高精度的QuikSCAT/NCEP混合风场,对中国海海表风场的风速风向、极值风速、大风频率等特征进行分析,研究发现:MAM和SON的风速大值中心位于台湾海峡,JJA位于南海西南部海域,DJF大值区主要位于琉球群岛-台湾海峡-东沙群岛-平顺海岛一带,风向也具有明显的季节特征;极值风速...  相似文献   

14.
殷秀良 《海洋技术学报》2007,26(4):106-109,120
准确的海面风速预报是舰艇航行安全和防台工作的重要保证。目前在舰艇上估测海面风速方法主要是利用传真天气图手工绘算单站地转风,并对理论风速值进行适当摩擦系数订正。这种方法的估测精度比较差,很难满足舰艇指挥人员在复杂天气中的预报需求。为了深入探讨海面风估算方法,给出了传真地面天气图上地转风、梯度风的近似计算公式,介绍了用传真图实时计算地转风与梯度风的实现方法,提出了通过建立风速订正值库由风速理论值实时估测平均海面风速的一种新方法,并深入探讨了梯度风测风方法在强天气测风中的应用特点和优势。经实际应用和分析表明,计算精度得到很大提高,有一定应用和推广价值。  相似文献   

15.
A scanning microwave radiometer(RM) was launched on August 16,2011,on board HY-2 satellite.The six-month long global sea surface wind speeds observed by the HY-2 scanning microwave radiometer are preliminarily validated using in-situ measurements and WindSat observations,respectively,from January to June 2012.The wind speed root-mean-square(RMS) difference of the comparisons with in-situ data is 1.89 m/s for the measurements of NDBC and 1.72 m/s for the recent four-month data measured by PY30-1 oil platform,respectively.On a global scale,the wind speeds of HY-2 RM are compared with the sea surface wind speeds derived from WindSat,the RMS difference of 1.85 m/s for HY-2 RM collocated observations data set is calculated in the same period as above.With analyzing the global map of a mean difference between HY-2 RM and WindSat,it appears that the bias of the sea surface wind speed is obviously higher in the inshore regions.In the open sea,there is a relatively higher positive bias in the mid-latitude regions due to the overestimation of wind speed observations,while the wind speeds are underestimated in the Southern Ocean by HY-2 RM relative to WindSat observations.  相似文献   

16.
HY-2 satellite is the first satellite for dynamic environmental parameters measurement of China,which was launched on 16th August 2011.A scanning microwave radiometer(RM) is carried for sea surface temperature(SST),sea surface wind speed,columnar water vapor and columnar cloud liquid water detection.In this paper,the initial SST product of RM was validated with in-situ data of National Data of Buoy Center(NDBC) mooring and Argo buoy.The validation results indicate the accuracy of RM SST is better than 1.7 C.The comparison of RM SST and WindSat SST shows the former is warmer than the latter at high sea surface wind speed and the difference between these SSTs is depend on the sea surface wind speed.Then,the relationship between the errors of RM SST and sea surface wind speed was analyzed using NDBC mooring measurements.Based on the results of assessment and errors analysis,the suggestions of taking account of the affection of sea surface wind speed and using sea surface wind speed and direction derived from the microwave scatteromter aboard on HY-2 for SST product calibration were given for retrieval algorithm improvement.  相似文献   

17.
Many research results show that ocean ambient noise and wind speed are highly relevant, and the surface wind speed can be effectively inverted using ocean noise data. In most deep-sea cases, the ambient noise of medium frequency is mainly determined by the surface wind, and there is a conventional relationship between them. This paper gives an equation which shows this relationship firstly, and then a surface-wind inversion method is proposed. An efficient particle filter is used to estimate the speed distribution, and the results exhibit more focused close to the actual wind speed. The method is verified by the measured noise data, and analysis results showed that this approach can accurately give the trend of sea surface wind speed.  相似文献   

18.
全球有效波高和风速的时空变化及相关关系研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
The climatology of significant wave height(SWH) and sea surface wind speed are matters of concern in the fields of both meteorology and oceanography because they are very important parameters for planning offshore structures and ship routings. The TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter, which collected data for about 13 years from September 1992 to October 2005, has measured SWHs and surface wind speeds over most of the world's oceans. In this paper, a study of the global spatiotemporal distributions and variations of SWH and sea surface wind speed was conducted using the TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter data set. The range and characteristics of the variations were analyzed quantitatively for the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans. Areas of rough waves and strong sea surface winds were localized precisely, and the correlation between SWH and sea surface wind speed analyzed.  相似文献   

19.
A paper by Iida et al. that was recently published in this journal (J Oceanogr 17:637–661, 2015) presented trends in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in surface seawater and the estimated sea–air carbon dioxide flux over the global open oceans for the last two decades. The purpose of the present discussion is to demonstrate that the formula used by Iida et al. in their assessments can also be employed to estimate the sea–air carbon dioxide flux based on long-term wind statistics, i.e., based on data showing how the mean wind speed 10 m above the sea surface has varied over a long period. Examples of the application of this approach are given here, based on long-term wind statistics for the northern North Sea and the North West Shelf of Australia.  相似文献   

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