共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
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该文采用氧瓶燃烧法测定了硫酸多糖 911的硫 ( S% )含量 ,根据所测硫含量确定了硫酸多糖 911的平均单体式量 ,然后在此基础上应用脱羧法对硫酸多糖 911样品的含量进行了测定。 相似文献
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１９９７年９月针对南京市东护城河养殖鱼类大量死亡进行调查研究，结果表明鱼类死亡是由于河底富含有机物的淤泥在高温季节分解消耗大量氧气、释放锓氧所致，而养殖鱼类结构不合理也是导致鱼产量下降的一个重要因素 相似文献
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对测量海水中总溶解氮(TDN)的两种常用方法——高温燃烧法和过硫酸钾氧化法进行了比较。结果表明,两种方法在空白、精密度和准确度实验中不存在显著差异。对不同化合物的回收率均在92%～107%之间,加标回收实验回归曲线的斜率分别为0.93和0.92。对于现场海水样品的测定结果,两个断面拟合的斜率分别为0.92和0.97。HTC法比PO法对实际海水样品的氧化效率略高,在操作上也更方便、快捷。因此,高温燃烧法更适合海水中总溶解氮(TDN)的测定。 相似文献
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海水中胶体有机碳的测定──高温燃烧法和紫外/过硫酸钾法的比较 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用切向超滤(cross-flow ultrafiltration)技术对海水中胶体有机碳(COC)和真溶解有机碳(UOC)进行了分离,并分别用高温燃烧法和紫外/过硫酸钾法对胶体有机碳和真溶解有机碳进行了测定。测定结果表明,切向超滤能定量分离海水中的胶体有机碳,高温燃烧法和紫外/过硫酸钾法对胶体有机碳和真溶解有机碳的测定结果没有明显的系统误差,表明这两种方法的氧化效率基本相同,胶体粒子的存在,对紫外/过硫酸钾法的氧化效率没有显着影响。 相似文献
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赤潮卫星遥感监测与实时预报 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
本文根据赤潮水体光谱特征和赤潮环境要素，提出了赤潮卫星遥感监测与实时预报的方法。利用这些方法成功地监测和预报了１９９７年１１月发生在广东沿海的金囊藻赤潮和１９９７年７月发生在汽油嵊泗海区的液光藻赤潮。 相似文献
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温度对中华哲水蚤代谢率的影响 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
海洋生态系统的能流和物流是海洋生态学研究的重要内容。中华哲水蚤 (Ｃａｌａｎｕｓｓｉｎｉｃｕｓ)是中国黄、渤海桡足类的优势种 ,本文研究了中华哲水蚤的代谢率 ,为研究海洋生态系统的能流和物流积累资料。１材料和方法１９９７年１２月２６日到１９９８年１月１７日在中科院海洋研究所研究了温度对中华哲水蚤耗氧率和排氨率的影响。１９９７年６月渤海调查时 ,在“科学１号”调查船上研究了温度对中华哲水蚤耗氧率的影响。中华哲水蚤１９９７年１２月２６日到１９９８年１月１７日实验用中华哲水蚤采自青岛汇泉湾 ,用浅水 Ｉ型网在中… 相似文献
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栉孔扇贝血淋巴中超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性及其性质的研究 总被引：52，自引：8，他引：44
于１９９７年１０月－－１９９８年１月,从胶州湾贝类养殖场购买栉孔扇贝,分别采用邻苯三酚自氧化和过氧化氢法测定了其血细胞和血清中的超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）和过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）的活力,并对ＳＯＤ类型的鉴别区分、ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ的热稳定性以及温度对ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ活力的影响进行研究。结果表明,血细胞中ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ活力分别为３１２．７Ｕ１２４．４Ｕ,血清中ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ活力分别为１０２．３Ｕ和７３．８Ｕ; 相似文献
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为研究莱州湾水交换对胶莱运河修建工程的响应,以及为海洋污染治理问题提供参考,以莱州湾为重点模拟区域建立了二维平面潮流和对流扩散模型,利用渤海、黄海、莱州湾地形及海洋环境资料,结合2018年莱州湾海水水质监测结果,初步分析了胶莱运河的修建对莱州湾海洋环境现状的影响。模拟结果表明,胶莱运河建成后年径流总量约为7.2×109 m3,净流方向由胶州湾流向莱州湾;工程后整个莱州湾水交换能力略有增强,东部强于西部,半交换周期缩短14 d;黄海海水经由胶州湾进入胶莱运河输送至莱州湾,冲淡莱州湾内非优良水体,从一定程度上缓解了莱州湾东部河口入海处小范围海域海水水质现状。 相似文献
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利用二维水动力数学模型模拟胶莱人工河道潮流运动,并分析了胶州湾湾口设置潜堤前后胶莱人工河道水质点的运动轨迹和水位变化过程。结果表明,开通胶莱人工河道能够使黄海的胶东湾海水向渤海的莱州湾输运,但不设置潜堤时从胶州湾到莱州湾的海水输运平均流速较小;设置潜堤后胶州湾水位高于莱州湾水位的时间变长,从黄海到渤海之间的水体输运能够得到加速。计算结果还表明,潜堤顶部与平均水面距离较小时,黄、渤海之间水体输运较快。 相似文献
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黄、渤海区域经济生态协调发展的新思维:建设胶莱人工海河战略工程 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
莱州湾、胶州湾沉积性污染已成为黄、渤海区域经济社会发展面临的两大忧患。文以莱州湾及胶州湾水体交换条件差、生态环境恶化为背景,提出开凿胶莱人工海河工程的战略构想,通过开凿人工海河,贯通胶、莱两湾,以达到加快两湾水体循环、改善渤海和黄海近岸海域生态环境的目的,并兼有航运、旅游、生态、城市及经济开发之利。对工程建设涉及的重大问题进行了阐述。 相似文献
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The stable isotopes of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) are a powerful tool for distinguishing sources and inputs of organic matter in aquatic systems. While several methods exist to perform these analyses, no labs routinely utilize a high temperature combustion (HTC) instrument. Advantages of HTC instruments include rapid analysis, small sample volumes and minimal sample preparation, making them the favored devices for most routine oceanic DOC concentration measurements. We developed a stable carbon DOC method based around an HTC system. This method has the benefit of a simple setup, requiring neither vacuum nor high pressures. The main drawback of the method is a significant blank, requiring careful accounting of all blank sources for accurate isotopic and concentration values. We present here a series of experiments to determine the magnitude, source and isotopic composition of the HTC blank. Over time, the blank is very stable at 20 ng of carbon with a δ13C of − 18.1‰ vs. VPDB. The similarity of the isotopic composition of the blank and seawater samples makes corrections relatively minor. The precision of the method was determined by oxidizing organic standards with a wide isotopic and concentration range (− 9‰ to − 39‰; 18 μM to 124 μM). Analysis of seawater samples demonstrates the accuracy for low concentration, high salinity samples. The overall error on the measurement is approximately ± 0.8‰. 相似文献
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为探讨海水水质监测的简便可行方法，对渤海、北黄海、胶州湾、东海、长江口、南海及珠江口几百个海水样品紫外扫描发现，不同海区海水紫外吸收约在200～220nm之间。其中渤海、北黄海与胶州湾海水样品在208～210nm之间，而东海、长江口、南海及珠江口水样在205nm附近。海水紫外吸收吸光度与高锰酸钾法测COD值之间具有良好的线性关系。所以提出了用紫外分光光度法测定海水COD值的方法，发现紫外分光光度法与碱性高锰酸钾法测定海水COD值无显著性差异，可以满足快速监测的需要。 相似文献
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海水胞外酶活性可以指示有机物的分布特征以及微生物的营养状况。我们测定了2017年3月25日至4月15日黄海和东海44个大面站以及2018年4月28日至29日胶州湾湾口附近海域10个站位表层海水中的8种胞外酶活性并研究了其分布特征。2017年春季黄、东海表层海水中碱性磷酸酶和脂肪酶活性较高，高值区出现在苏北沿岸和南黄海中部，碱性磷酸酶与磷酸盐浓度之间呈正相关。其余6种酶(肽酶、几丁质酶、纤维素酶、α-D-葡萄糖苷酶、β-D-半乳糖苷酶、木糖苷酶)活性高值区出现在长江口以东的外海，东海的β-D-半乳糖苷酶、木糖苷酶平均酶活性显著高于黄海。8种酶活性平均值排列顺序由大到小为:碱性磷酸酶、脂肪酶、肽酶、几丁质酶、α-D-葡萄糖苷酶、β-D-半乳糖苷酶、纤维素酶、木糖苷酶，其中α-D-葡萄糖苷酶和β-D-半乳糖苷酶的活性基本一致。2018年春季胶州湾附近海域海水中碱性磷酸酶、脂肪酶、木糖苷酶活性分布为近岸高于远岸，几丁质酶活性为近岸低于远岸。8种酶活性平均值排列顺序由大到小为:碱性磷酸酶、脂肪酶、肽酶、木糖苷酶、α-D-葡萄糖苷酶、β-D-半乳糖苷酶、几丁质酶、纤维素酶，其中几丁质酶和纤维素酶的活性基本一致。黄海的碱性磷酸酶和脂肪酶平均酶活性均显著高于东海和胶州湾附近海域。糖类水解酶(几丁质酶、纤维素酶、α-D-葡萄糖苷酶、β-D-半乳糖苷酶、木糖苷酶)平均酶活性在黄海最低。本文的结果对于理解中国近海海水有机碳的分布、浮游植物及异养细菌对有机碳的降解具有重要意义。 相似文献
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We describe an investigation into the reactivity of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), produced from marine algae, to conventional persulphate and ultraviolet (UV) oxidation methods. Marine algae were grown in batch culture in the presence of 14C bicarbonate and filtered samples of the phytoplankton dissolved organic carbon (PDOC) were oxidized with persulphate and UV techniques. The amount of fixed label found in solution after the oxidation procedures was compared with the initial amount of labelled DOC. Marine algae examined in this way included: the diatoms, Chaetoceros gracilis, Skeletonema costatum, Phaeodactylum tricornutum; the flagellate, Isochrysis galbana; and the cyanobacterium, Synechococcus strain DC2. It was found that 5–18% of the DOC produced by these phytoplankton resisted persulphate oxidation. Samples were also measured for their resistance to UV oxidation by an autoanalyzer method. It was found that 15–27% of these samples resisted UV oxidation. However, 95% of PDOC was oxidized after exposure for 6 h to high intensity UV irradiation using a variable exposure time system. P. tricornutum and Synechococcus PDOC samples were ultrafiltered into low molecular weight (< 10 000 Da) and colloidal (> 10 000 Da) size fractions. Both species produced mainly (> 68%) low molecular weight material. Slightly greater resistance to persulphate oxidation was generally found for the colloidal Synechococcus PDOC (15–22%) than for the low molecular weight material (14–17%). However, the opposite was found for the P. tricornutum PDOC which generally showed less resistance for the colloidal fraction (5–12%) than for the low molecular weight fraction (10–15%).Experiments were also conducted to determine the effects of short-term (days) and long-term (months) ageing of PDOC solutions in the presence of microbial populations from coastal seawater. Long-term ageing decreased the amount of PDOC that resisted oxidation in all cases. However, the fraction of PDOC resisting persulphate oxidation increased by small amounts over a short-term experiment. Increased resistance was attributed to preferential degradation of biologically and chemically labile components of PDOC by bacteria.The percentages of phytoplankton-produced (and microbially aged) DOC found in this study to resist UV or persulphate oxidation were low (5–27%), compared with those values (50–65%) reported for DOC in surface seawater on the basis of recent high temperature catalytic oxidation analyses. 相似文献
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Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the largest organic carbon reservoir in sea water and plays an imporrant role in the marine carbon cycle and other biogeochemical processes in the ocean. Accurate and precise determinalion of the bOC concentration in sea water is thus a prerequisite for any interpretation of DOC biogeochemistry. A key factor in analytical quality control is an accurate determination of the blank. The assessment and distinction of DOC blanks are essential for the precise measurements of oceanic DOC. The total DOC blank includes instrument and water blanks in the high temperature catalytic oxidation (HTCO) method. DOC can be measured accurately using the HTCO method only when the instrument blank is correctly distinguished from the total DOC blank and corrected in the sample measurements. Low DOC blanks can be achieved by extensive conditioning of new catalysts and the whole instrument system, whereas instrument blanks can be quantified by subtracting the water blank from the total DOC blank. We have been able to produce low carbon nanopure water [≤2μmol/dm3(C)] and have a low instrumental blank [< 5-6 μmol/dm3(C)] when using the HTCO method. Results of concentrations and distributions of DOC in the Gulf of Mexico and the North Atlantic are oceanographically consistent. Results from DOC measurements on samples from the international DOC methods comparison program further confirmed our low values of both nenopure water and the instrument blank. 相似文献