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1.
基于近年来有关日本海的古海洋古环境研究成果，总结概述了日本海中新世以来的古气候和古海洋环境演化特征。日本海作为西北太平洋一个主要的边缘海，在全球气候变化过程中起着重要的作用。它的古气候古环境演化，与全球其他地区一样受控于地球轨道参数的变化，同时也发育一些由气候的不稳定性、海峡的开合与其他一些地球气候系统的非线性活动所驱动的突发性快速气候变化事件。日本海的古海平面、古海水温度、古洋流等因子的变化还受到冰盖扩张和退缩、构造运动、冰川性地壳均衡补偿、东亚季风等因素的影响，具有鲜明的区域特点。总体说来，目前对日本海的研究程度还不高，对它在全球气候变化中的作用过程、驱动和响应机制的了解还很有限，需要进一步深入研究。 相似文献
2.
海平面变化不仅关系到全球环境的演变,而且与人类社会的发展有着极其密切的关系。关于海平面变化的机制研究与精确估算则一直以来是海洋学研究的重点方向之一。通过分析晚中生代以来全球海平面变化记录,在行星尺度和地球轨道尺度上,分析讨论了海平面变化的主要影响机制。结果显示:虽然近100Ma以来,海平面记录中构造和大洋碳储库周期连续小波分析信号显著,其滤波振幅强度变化也对应了全球性的构造、气候及生物演变事件,反映了由构造运动引起的海-陆格局变化、气候突变以及相应的生物演变事件等全球性变化对海平面变化的影响。但在南极冰盖形成之后,构造周期与大洋碳储库周期的影响对海平面变化的影响出现不同,特别是近5Ma以来两者出现相反的变化趋势;近10Ma以来,偏心率周期、斜率周期和岁差周期分别在约0.8、5.3及6.2Ma之后对海平面变化的影响开始增强,显示出不同地球轨道参数周期对海平面变化影响存在一定的时间差异。而在这一阶段,虽然极地冰盖体积变化与海平面变化的相关性最为显著,但是,海平面变化可能受到地球轨道参数变化引起的高纬度地区冰盖体积变化与低纬度季风演化引起的大洋碳储库变化等因素的共同影响。 相似文献
3.
巴伦支海-喀拉海是北冰洋最大的边缘海,能够对环境变化做出快速的响应和反馈,是全球气候变化最为敏感的区域之一,其古海洋环境演变及海冰变化研究是全球气候变化研究的重要组成部分。末次盛冰期以来,该区域的古海洋环境受到太阳辐射、海流强度、海平面变化、温盐环流和河流输入等因素影响发生了一系列不同尺度的波动。巴伦支海受到北大西洋暖水和极地冷水两大水团相互作用的影响,在水团交界处 （极锋) 由于不同水团性质的差异,导致其海水温度、盐度及海冰发生剧烈变化。而喀拉海则受到叶尼塞河和鄂毕河大量淡水输入影响,海流系统较巴伦支海相对复杂,沉积物主要来源于河流输入的陆源物质,并可以通过磁化率的分析明确区分两条河流的陆源物质。由于受到冷水和暖水的相互作用,巴伦支海-喀拉海海冰变化迅速,并且在全新世中晚期存在 0.4 ka 和 0.95 ka 的变化周期,但海冰变化的影响因素并不是单一的,而是气候系统内部各因子相互作用的结果。目前古海冰重建研究工作主要为定性研究,定量研究相对较少,所选用的重建指标也相对单一,另外存在年代框架差、分辨率低等不足。本文以巴伦支海和喀拉海为中心,总结了其快速气候突变事件、古温度盐度、海平面及海冰的变化,对影响因素进行了探讨,并通过分析末次盛冰期以来古海洋环境研究的不足,提出了相应的展望。 相似文献
4.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2010,(3)
西太平洋暖池区作为驱动全球气候变化引擎,是近年来古海洋学尤其是古气候研究的热点。以南海大洋钻探ODP130航次807站浮游有孔虫的氧同位素值为材料,建立了西太平洋暖池核心区跨越4.5 Ma、分辨率达2~3 ka的天文年代标尺,通过浮游有孔虫表层种和次表层种的氧同位素的变化来分析温跃层、上部水体垂直结构的变化,结合频谱分析以及与地球轨道参数(ETP)的交叉频谱分析,研究始新世以来尤其是北极冰盖形成时期西太平洋暖池的演变及其对地球轨道驱动的响应,为全球气候环境演化提供科学依据。 相似文献
5.
通过对日本海Ulleung盆地KCES-1孔元素地球化学分析,探讨了过去48 ka以来日本海古生产力和古氧化还原环境的变化规律和影响因素。多种替代指标质量累积速率(总有机碳、CaCO3,磷、过剩钡、镉含量)显示日本海古生产力自48 ka以来发生了显著的变化。在48~18 ka低海平面和有限的水体交换导致表层水古生产力相对较低。在18~11 ka随着海平面的上升,富营养盐水团(亲潮和东海沿岸流水团)的流入导致古生产力逐渐增大,在12.6~11.5 ka古生产力达到最大值。在全新世对马暖流成为影响古生产力变化的重要因素,并且自5 ka以来古生产力保持相对稳定。古氧化还原替代指标(总有机碳、钼、铀、锰、碳与硫含量之比、自生铀、自生钼含量)显示在12~9 ka日本海底层水可能为无氧环境。古生产力高和底层水体有限的交换是诱发底层水缺氧的主要因素,而这又与全球气候变化和海平面变化有关。 相似文献
6.
对南沙群岛海域８７－１１柱样天然剩余磁化强度（ＮＲＭ）及９０－１０３柱样ＮＲＭ、磁化率（ｘ）、剩磁倾角（Ⅰ）等的功率谱分析表明：晚更新世以来该区沉积物的古地磁参数较好地反映了古气候、古环境的变化，响应着古气候变化的米兰科维奇天文学周期；在周期成分中，以地球轨道偏心率周期（ｅ）及岁差周期（ｐ）为主，地轴倾斜度周期（ε）无明显表现，同时获得了与特殊地球位置相关联的岁差半周期成分。研究还表明，古地磁参数存在着明显的对古气候变化的非线性响应，明显不同于开阔大洋；同时，不同的沉积单元，沉积物古地磁参数对古气候变化响应的灵敏度各不相同。 相似文献
7.
最近140 ka以来黄土元素地球化学演化及其古气候意义 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11
通过对黄土高原南缘白鹿塬黄土剖面8种主要元素含量的测定,研究了该地区元素地球化学的演化及其指示的古气候意义.最近140 ka以来的氧化物演化序列中,Al2O3、 K2O、 MnO和TiO2的变化趋势与磁化率相同,在黄土中高,在古土壤中低,表明黄土中风尘物质的风化程度明显弱于古土壤,这与野外观察的黄土地层变化相一致.Na/Al和Fe/Al分别作为指示粉尘沉积物的风化成熟程度和粉尘来源物质变化的地球化学指标,它们的演化与深海SPECMAP和GRIP冰心中氧同位素曲线对比良好,表明中国北方干旱与半干旱区的古气候变化主要受控于地球轨道的变化,与全球气候变化具有一致性.另外,剖面中Fe/Al比值的地球化学演化对气候变化的反映很敏感,表现出高频震荡的变化特征. 相似文献
8.
海洋沉积粘土矿物与古气候、古环境演化响应的研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
海洋沉积物记录了海洋物理和化学过程以及全球气候和环境变化历史的信息。近年来的研究表明 ,占沉积物组分一定比例的粘土矿物组合的变化与长期气候演变存在一定的关系 ,粘土周期性沉积响应与地球轨道驱动因子作用有关 ,陆源粘土通量既受大陆冰盖厚度和海平面变化以及环流强度的控制 ,同时又受源区物理、化学风化程度的影响。因此 ,粘土矿物组合的变化反映了源区气候冷、暖周期性旋回 ,记录了搬运、再沉积和环境演化的重要信息 ,为古环境再造、古季风变迁以及海陆对比提供了有力证据 ,同时也为洋盆及其边缘海形成、地球演化及重建中生代以来… 相似文献
9.
地球轨道周期性的变化控制着气候周期性变化,进而对层序叠加样式也会产生重要的影响。东海陆架盆地平湖组沉积时期经历了冷热交替的气候变化,这种气候变化的频繁波动必然会在相应的沉积物中有所记录。利用La(2004)计算方案计算北纬30°、30～40.4Ma期间地球轨道参数变化周期,确定该沉积时期理论米氏旋回周期比值;平湖斜坡带平湖组三段属于海相沉积,构造活动较弱,沉积稳定,物性相近,区域上分布广泛,因此以平湖组三段作为目的层,对该段伽马测井数据进行频谱检测以及一维连续小波变换,分析结果显示不同钻井中平三段沉积地层主要受405ka的长偏心率,131、99ka的短偏心率以及52ka的斜率周期所控制;选择控制平三段地层发育的主要米兰科维奇周期曲线,建立高分辨率天文年代标尺,进而对平三段地层进行高频层序划分,为平湖斜坡带高频层序单元对比框架的建立提供了一种新的有效方法。 相似文献
10.
根据近年来的主要研究成果,简要综述了深海氧同位素第3阶段(MIS 3)气候—海平面变化特征及其沉积记录的研究进展.MIS3期间的气候变化是古气候研究中的重要组成部分,该时段的某些气候特征与现今十分类似.取自极地冰心、海洋沉积物和陆地的古气候记录表明,在MIS3阶段全球经历了一系列数百年至千年时间尺度的快速气候突变事件,其成因、机制和影响范围还存在明显的不确定性.利用深海沉积物的氧同位素、珊瑚礁阶地、陆源碎屑沉积记录分析得出的MIS3古海平面高度偏差较大,主要认为在-50～-90 m之间波动,但也有研究表明MIS3海平面可达-15～-20 m.对MIS3古气候和海平面变化的深入研究,有赖于全球范围内更多不同类型和高分辨率的地质记录所提供的证据. 相似文献
11.
The radiolarian distribution is studied in Core IMAGES MD01-2415 (46-m-long) from the central Sea of Okhotsk. The obtained data made it possible to refine the regional biostratigraphy and document the major paleoenvironmental changes in the basin in the last million years. In total, 17 radiolarian datum planes are defined with 12 of them being new. Their number exceeds that previously established for different fossil groups in the Subarctic Pacific for this period. Radiolarian datum planes are usually confined to the main boundaries and Quaternary climatic events. The analysis of the radiolaria distribution reveals several major paleoenvironmental shifts in the sea that occurred 950, 700, and 420–280 ka ago and are correlative with regional and global phases of the Middle Pleistocene climatic revolution. 相似文献
12.
Size distributions of Neocalanus cristatus, N. flemingeri and N. plumchrus were investigated in the eastern and the western subarctic gyres and three marginal seas of the North Pacific during the diapause period to examine the geographical variation in body size of Neocalanus species and to clarify the origin of the large biennial N. flemingeri which has been observed in the Oyashio region. There were significant among region variations in body sizes for all three species of Neocalanus. Generally, the body sizes of the copepods were larger in the marginal seas and marginal areas of the open ocean. In the open ocean, the body sizes increased westward. These patterns of variation in the body sizes roughly correlated with local food availability. Distribution of biennial N. flemingeri was restricted to the Sea of Japan, the Okhotsk Sea and the Oyashio region. The large-sized biennial N. flemingeri were abundantly observed in the Okhotsk Sea, and the medium-sized biennial individuals were observed in the Sea of Japan. These facts strongly suggest that the large biennial N. flemingeri in the Oyashio region are advected from the Okhotsk Sea. 相似文献
13.
Tidal Correction of Altimetric Data in the Japan Sea 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Satellite altimetric data have been very useful in the study of variation in the eddy field of the ocean. In order to investigate the variation in the eddy field, we have to remove tidal signals from altimetric data. However, global tidal models do not have sufficient accuracy in marginal seas such as the Japan Sea. In this study, we carried out harmonic analysis of temporal fluctuations of sea surface height data in the Japan Sea measured by TOPEX/POSEIDON. We could eliminate the tidal signals from altimetric data of TOPEX/POSEIDON and also from ERS-2 altimetric data with use of the harmonic constants derived from TOPEX/POSEIDON and tide gauge data along the coast. We draw co-tidal and co-range charts in the Japan Sea using the result of the harmonic analysis of TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetric data and tide gauge data along the coast. The results obtained turn out to be very useful for the tidal correction of altimetric data from satellite in the Japan Sea. 相似文献
14.
Ayumi Fujisaki Hajime Yamaguchi Fengjun Duan Genki Sagawa 《Journal of Oceanography》2007,63(5):775-790
In this study, a numerical model of 7-day forecast of sea ice produced by the Japan Meteorological Agency was improved by
the following approaches. First, a new ice dynamic model was introduced: the distributed mass/discrete floe model. The model
takes account of discrete characteristics of ice floes and well simulates the ice edge location at low computational cost.
Secondly, the grid size was reduced to 5 × 5 km for the future high resolution forecasts. Next, the sea surface current data
was examined because it significantly influences sea ice movement. We applied two new datasets of HINO and Okhotsk Ocean General
Circulation Model (Okhotsk OGCM), which are estimated by numerical simulations, for the 7-day forecast of sea ice. Ice southward
speed in January and the whorl formations in February and March were well reproduced with Okhotsk OGCM datasets. Finally,
the ocean heat flux at the ice-ocean interface was refined. As a result, we achieved an ice edge error reduction from 30.8
km to 23.5 km. 相似文献
15.
Paul A. Tyler 《Journal of Oceanography》2002,58(2):333-341
The Japanese archipelago is surrounded by the Pacific to the east, the Okhotsk Sea to the north, the Sea of Japan to the west
and the Okinawa Trough to the south. The last three seas form semi-isolated deep basins, all with potentially tectonic origin
but a different primary energy source as well as hydrographic and faunistic history. The Okhotsk Sea is connected to the Pacific
through the deep straits between the Kurile Islands. As a result much of the fauna has links with that fauna found at similar
depths in the Pacific. By contrast, the Sea of Japan was isolated from the main Pacific during the last ice age and became
anoxic. Even today the link is only through narrow shallow straits. As a result the fauna is impoverished and is believed
to be composed of cold-adapted eurybathic species rather than true deep-sea species. The deep-water fauna of both these seas
derive their energy from sinking surface primary production. The Okinawa Trough has a much younger tectonic history than the
Okhotsk Sea or the Sea of Japan. In the Okinawa Trough the most noticeable fauna is associated with hydrothermal activity
and chemosynthesis forms the base of the food chain for the bathyal community. The variable nature of these three basins offers
excellent opportunities for comparative studies of species diversity, biomass and production in relation to their ambient
environment.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
Muyin Wang Nicholas A. Bond James E. Overland 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2007,54(23-26):2543
A comparative analysis was conducted on climate variability in four sub-arctic seas: the Sea of Okhotsk, the Bering Sea shelf, the Labrador Sea, and the Barents Sea. Based on data from the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis, the focus was on air–sea interactions, which influence ice cover, ocean currents, mixing, and stratification on sub-seasonal to decadal time scales. The seasonal cycles of the area-weighted averages of sea-level pressure (SLP), surface air temperature (SAT) and heat fluxes show remarkable similarity among the four sub-arctic seas. With respect to variation in climate, all four seas experience changes of comparable magnitude on interannual to interdecadal time scales, but with different timing. Since 2000 warm SAT anomalies were found during most of the year in three of the four sub-arctic seas, with the exception of the Sea of Okhotsk. A seesaw (out of phase) pattern in winter SAT anomalies between the Labrador and the Barents Sea in the Atlantic sector is observed during the past 50 years before 2000; a similar type of co-variability between the Sea of Okhotsk and the Bering Sea shelf in the Pacific is only evident since 1970s. Recent positive anomalies of net heat flux are more prominent in winter and spring in the Pacific sectors, and in summer in the Atlantic sectors. There is a reduced magnitude in wind mixing in the Sea of Okhotsk since 1980, in the Barents Sea since 2000, and in early spring/late winter in the Bering Sea shelf since 1995. Reduced sea-ice areas are seen over three out of four (except the Sea of Okhotsk) sub-arctic seas in recent decades, particularly after 2000 based on combined in situ and satellite observations (HadISST). This analysis provides context for the pan-regional synthesis of the linkages between climate and marine ecosystems. 相似文献
17.
18.
A 33 Ma lithostratigraphic record of tectonic and paleoceanographic evolution of the South China Sea
Qianyu Li Pinxian Wang Quanhong Zhao Lei Shao Guangfa Zhong Jun Tian Xinrong Cheng Zhimin Jian Xin Su 《Marine Geology》2006,230(3-4):217-235
The 853 m thick sediment sequence recovered at ODP Site 1148 provides an unprecedented record of tectonic and paleoceanographic evolution in the South China Sea over the past 33 Ma. Litho-, bio-, and chemo-stratigraphic studies helped identify six periods of changes marking the major steps of the South China Sea geohistory. Rapid deposition with sedimentation rates of 60 m/Ma or more characterized the early Oligocene rifting. Several unconformities from the slumped unit between 457 and 495 mcd together erased about 3 Ma late Oligocene record, providing solid evidence of tectonic transition from rifting/slow spreading to rapid spreading in the South China Sea. Slow sedimentation of 20–30 m/Ma signifies stable seafloor spreading in the early Miocene. Dissolution may have affected the completeness of Miocene–Pleistocene succession with short-term hiatuses beyond current biostratigraphical resolution. Five major dissolution events, D-1 to D-5, characterize the stepwise development of deep water masses in close association to post-Oligocene South China Sea basin transformation. The concurrence of local and global dissolution events in the Miocene and Pliocene suggests climatic forcing as the main mechanism causing deep water circulation changes concomitantly in world oceans and in marginal seas. A return of high sedimentation rate of 60 m/Ma to the late Pliocene and Pleistocene South China Sea was caused by intensified down-slope transport due to frequent sea level fluctuations and exposure of a large shelf area during sea level low-stands. The six paleoceanographic stages, respectively corresponding to rifting (33–28.5 Ma), changing spreading southward (28.5–23 Ma), stable spreading to end of spreading (23–15 Ma), post-spreading balance (15–9 Ma), further modification and monsoon influence (9–5 Ma), and glacial prevalence (5–0 Ma), had transformed the South China Sea from a series of deep grabens to a rapidly expanding open gulf and finally to a semi-enclosed marginal sea in the past 33 Ma. 相似文献
19.
The relationship between the spring bloom along the Primorye coast and the sea ice of the Tatarskiy Strait in the northern region of the East/Japan Sea, a semi-enclosed marginal sea in the North Pacific, was investigated using the ten-year SeaWiFS chlorophyll-a concentration data and DMSP/SSMI sea ice concentration data from 1998 to 2007. Year-to-year variations in the chlorophyll-a concentrations in the spring were positively correlated with those of the sea ice concentrations in the Tatarskiy Strait in the previous winter with a correlation coefficient of 0.77. Abrupt increases in nutrients, essential for the spring bloom in the upper ocean during spring, were supplied from sea ice-melted waters. Time series of vertical distributions of the nutrients indicated that phosphate concentrations were extremely elevated in the upper ocean (less than 100 m) without any connection to high concentrations in the deep waters below. The water mass from sea ice provided preferable conditions for the spring bloom through changes in the vertical stratification structure of the water columns. Along-coast ratios of stability parameters between two neighboring months clearly showed the rapid progression of the generation of a shallow pycnocline due to fresh water originating from sea ice. This study addressed the importance of the physical environment for biogeochemical processes in semi-enclosed marginal seas affected by local sea ice. 相似文献