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1.
2007年和2010年在厦门湾及邻近海域进行底质表层沉积物和柱状岩心样品采集,并进行粒度分析及粒度参数计算,获得了研究区底质表层和柱状沉积物样品的粒度分布特征.结果表明,厦门湾海域沉积物类型多样,以粉砂质砂和砂质粉砂为主.平均粒径介于?1.5Φ~7.5Φ之间.采用 Gao-Collins粒径趋势分析方法,发现九龙江口的沉积物主要呈东南方向净输运,而大金门南侧海域沉积物则有向九龙江口输运的趋势,同安湾内沉积物由海岸向湾中央输运;厦门东部海域沉积物向北输运,翔安南部海域沉积物向同安湾口以及澳头近岸输移.对柱状岩心进行放射性同位素210Pb 测年分析,计算得到九龙江口沉积速率为2.62 cm/a,进而探讨了九龙江口的沉积环境演化特征,研究成果可为区域资源开发和环境保护提供科学依据 相似文献
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兴化湾西岸潮间带沉积物岩心放射性核素分布与沉积速率 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用2007年8月31日采集于福建兴化湾西岸的潮间带沉积物岩心样品,用γ谱方法测量了其放射性核素含量,对岩心中核素的分布及其成因进行了讨论,估算了研究区沉积物的沉积速率,探讨了沉积物的物源,结果表明:(1) 238U、228Th、228Ra、226Ra、210Pb、137Cs和40K的含量分别为35.0～60.6、52.6～69.3、49.0～66.5、22.7～36.2、26.3～84.8、0.5～1.3和775～831 Bq/kg;(2) 用238U、226Ra、137Cs和40K作为示踪剂进行物源分析发现,兴化湾潮间带沉积物主要源于邻近的福州和莆田地区的土壤,所占比率分别为54%和46%;(3) 用210Pbex和137Cs方法估算得兴化湾西岸潮间带沉积物的平均沉积速率分别为0.38 cm/a和0.36 cm/a.岩心中210Pbex分布表明,自20世纪末,研究区潮间带沉积速率加快. 相似文献
3.
东山湾位于福建省的南部,即23°40′—23°57′N;117°25′—117°37′E。湾内水深介于0—31米之间(经潮流订正)。湾的西北面有漳江河水流入,年径流量约为4.675亿立方米。由于河水带入大量的有机质和营养物质,使沉积物中有机碳和全氮的丰度较大。有关东山湾沉积地球化学的研究,目前报道不多。我们于1982年采集了表层沉积物样品52个(图1),分析了其有机碳、碳酸盐、全氮和可溶性硅酸盐的含量,探讨了各要素的主要分布特征,初步讨论了它们之间以及它们与粒径和沉积类型的关系。 相似文献
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根据2012年双岛湾海域环境调查资料,研究了海水和表层沉积物中重金属的分布特征以及生态风险。结果显示,双岛湾海域海水中的重金属Cu和Pb在湾中部和湾底的部分站位含量较高,Zn和Cr含量在湾底最高、湾外最低,Cd和Hg在湾底和湾外的含量均高于湾中部,As的分布比较均匀;除Zn和Pb外,其余重金属含量均高于周边其他海域。双岛湾海域沉积物中重金属含量较低,与区域背景值相近,其中重金属Hg和Cd在湾内沉积作用明显,而Cu、Pb和Cr在湾外沉积作用比较明显。相关性分析表明,有机碳含量对双岛湾沉积物中的重金属分布影响不大。生态风险评价结果表明,双岛湾海域海水未受到重金属的污染;表层沉积物中重金属存在中低度的生态风险,具有潜在的不利生物毒性效应,重金属毒性大小依次为Pb>As>Cu>Hg>Cr=Cd>Zn。 相似文献
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本研究分析了2013年10月东山湾八尺门海域表层海水和沉积物中重金属Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd含量,并基于多种方法进行评价。结果显示,研究海域表层海水中重金属含量符合《海水水质标准》第一类标准,重金属污染指数法评价显示污染风险较低。沉积物中Pb、Cd、Zn含量均符合《海洋沉积物质量》第一类标准,整体污染水平较低;潜在生态风险指数大小顺序为：Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn,沉积物重金属污染整体情况良好,但个别站位的Cd的潜在生态风险指数超过40,应加以关注;地累积指数评价法显示总体污染情况较轻,其地累积指数平均值大小依次为Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd。纵观1990年至2013年的研究结果,东山湾水体中重金属含量总体呈先升高后降低的趋势;与同期相比,东山湾水体中的重金属含量与福建其他海域相差不大,而沉积物中重金属含量比其他海域稍高。 相似文献
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福建兴化湾海水,沉积物及水产生物体内重金属的分析与评价 总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29
利用１９９７年７月的渔业环境监测资料,分析了福建省兴化湾海水、表层沉积物及水产生物体内重金属的含量及分布,重金属与有机质含量之间的相关关系和水产生物对重金属的富集情况。结果表明,兴化湾海水和水产生物体的重金属含量均未超标,但大部分沉积物Ｐｂ,Ｚｎ的含量超标。 相似文献
9.
根据2011年东山湾海域海水石油类含量、表层沉积物石油类含量以及7种养殖贝类体石油烃含量的监测结果,分析评价结果表明:1除个别站位,东山湾海域海水石油类含量均符合《海水水质标准》第一类标准。春季东山湾海水中石油类的含量分布由湾内向湾外呈降低之势,夏季呈湾口高湾内低的格局。春季石油类含量与Chl-a之间呈显著正相关关系;2沉积物石油类含量均符合《海洋沉积物质量》第一类标准。其含量分布呈现湾口高湾内低、湾中部高西部低的格局;3 7种养殖贝类体内种间石油烃含量分布从大到小依次排列为:菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)、华贵栉扇贝(Chlamys nobilis)、僧帽牡蛎(Saccostrea cucullata)、杂色鲍(Haliotis diversicolor)、波纹巴菲蛤(Paphia undulata)、泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)、缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta),均符合《海洋生物质量》第一类标准。 相似文献
10.
厦门湾沉积物间隙水中CDOM的荧光特性及其分布研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了2003年4月从厦门湾九龙江口、西海域及同安湾采集的表层沉积物及柱状样间隙水中有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的荧光特性及其水平与垂直分布特征.结果表明,间隙水CDOM中均观测到类腐殖质与类色氨酸两类荧光.它们在表层沉积物间隙水中的相对含量均以九龙江口靠近浮宫红树林区的站位最高,同安湾及西海域养殖区各站位次之,分别反映了河口区红树林生态系以及养殖活动的影响;西海域靠近东渡码头的站位两类荧光的相对含量最低,系受疏浚活动影响所致.表层沉积物间隙水中两类荧光的相对含量均远高于底层水,暗示表层沉积物可成为上覆水体CDOM的一个重要来源.大多数站位间隙水中类腐殖质荧光的相对含量随深度增加而渐增,反映了CDOM在缺氧环境下的成岩作用过程.多数站位在3～6 cm深度处出现类色氨酸荧光峰值,随后递减,反映了近表层沉积物中细菌等微生物活动对蛋白质的降解作用. 相似文献
11.
乳山湾外低氧海域沉积物中有机碳、氮、磷及其形态特征分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据2009年8月在乳山湾及其毗邻海域的综合调查,分析了该海域表层沉积物中有机碳、氮、磷含量及其组成形态的变化,初步探讨了影响底质理化参数变化的原因及对乳山湾外近岸底层低氧形成的影响.结果表明,乳山湾外近海为粉砂质岸滩,以细颗粒为主;底质中有机碳含量介于0.49％ ～0.93％,平均值为0.69％;总氮含量介于382～1020 mg/kg,平均值为671 mg/kg;可溶性总氮含量介于23.0 ～ 60.0 mg/kg,平均值为44.0mg/kg,其中可溶性有机氮和氨氮分别占可溶性总氮的58.8％和38.8％;总磷含量介于138～769 mg/kg,平均值为356 mg/kg,有机磷是占有绝对优势的磷形态(62.5％).研究区域沉积物中总氮和湾内相当,有机碳、总磷含量普遍低于乳山湾内,但均明显高于南黄海区域,且呈还原性状态.调查区域内沉积物中相对较高的有机碳、氮、磷可能是在潮流作用下乳山湾与外海的物质交换所致,其耗氧过程是导致底层溶解氧亏损的重要原因,值得进一步关注. 相似文献
12.
厦门西海域沉积物中重金属的赋存状态及潜在迁移性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以厦门西海域沉积物为研究对象,利用改良BCR连续提取法分析了沉积物样品中Zn、Mn、Cr、Cu、Cd和Pb的赋存状态,并通过潜在迁移指数（PMI）探讨了沉积物中重金属的潜在迁移风险.结果表明：6种重金属总量在厦门西海域沉积物中由大到小的顺序为：Mn〉Zn〉Cr〉Pb〉Cu〉Cd,其中Mn和Zn的含量达到了1 471 mg/kg和231 mg/kg.与沉积物质量标准对比,沉积物样品中Zn、Cr、Cu和Pb的含量较高.改良BCR连续提取表明6种金属中Zn、Cr和Cu主要以残渣态存在,Mn和Cd主要以酸溶态存在,Pb则以可还原态为主.厦门西海域沉积物中6种重金属的潜在迁移指数大到小的顺序为：Mn〉Cd〉Zn〉Cu〉Pb〉Cr,其中Mn和Cd的潜在迁移危险最大. 相似文献
13.
Sources, pathways and sinks of particulate organic matter in Hudson Bay: Evidence from lignin distributions 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zou Zou A. Kuzyk Miguel A. Goi Gary A. Stern Robie W. Macdonald 《Marine Chemistry》2008,112(3-4):215-229
Hudson Bay is a large, estuarine, shelf-like sea at the southern margin of the Arctic, where changes in seasonal ice cover and river discharge appear already to be underway. Here we present lignin data for dated sediments from eleven box cores and evaluate sources of terrigenous carbon, transport pathways, and whether terrigenous organic matter has been influenced by recent environmental change. Lignin yields (0.04 to 1.46 mg/100 mg organic carbon) decreased from the margin to the interior and from south to north, broadly reflecting the distribution of river inputs. Lignin compositional patterns indicated distinct regional sources with boreal forest (woody gymnosperm) vegetation an important source in the south, vs. tundra (non-woody angiosperm) in the north. Lignin patterns suggest redistribution of a fine-grained, mineral-associated fraction of the southern-derived terrigenous carbon to the northeast part of the Bay and ultimately into west Hudson Strait with the Bay's cyclonic coastal circulation. A small component of the carbon makes it to the central basins of Hudson Bay but most of the terrigenous organic material in that area appears to derive from resuspension of older, isostatically-rebounding coastal and inner shelf deposits. Most modern plant debris appears to be retained near river mouths due to hydrodynamic sorting, with the exception of the southwest inner shelf, where these materials extend > 30 km from shore. Temporal changes in the composition of terrigenous organic carbon recorded in most of the southern Hudson Bay cores perhaps reflect increases in erosion and cross-shelf transport from coastal deposits, possibly mediated by change in ice climate. In contrast, temporal changes in the northwest may relate to changes in the supply of modern plant debris under recent warmer conditions. On the western shelf, changes may relate to ice climate and the distribution of northern coastal water and/or changes in the delivery of materials by the Churchill River due to water diversion. Although the cores show evidence of change related to the ice climate, there is little evidence that ice itself transports terrigenous organic carbon within the system. 相似文献
14.
Distribution of organic carbon in sediments and its influences on adjacent sea area in the turbidity maximum of Changjiang Estuary in China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Distributions and sources of total organic carbon （TOC）in seabed sediments and their implications for hydrodynamics are analyzed, in the turbidity maximum of the Changjiang Estuary. Ecology ecoenvironmental effects of estuary water on the continuously increasing terrigenous organic carbon from the Changjiang River are also explored through variations of organic carbon content and water quality indicators. Results show that, hydrodynamics exert important influences on distributions of organic carbon in the tur- bidity maximum of Changjiang Estuary. For their redistribution effect of terrigenous organic carbon within the moving layer in the whole region, variations from land to sea are not indicated by surficial and vertical average values of TOC and total nitrogen （TN） contents in core sediment, as well as organic stable carbon isotopes in surface sediments. However, on the long-time scale, the trend of terrigenous organic carbon decreasing from land to sea is still displayed by variations of stable carbon isotopic average values becoming heavier from land to sea. Previous studies have shown that high content of Chl a cannot appear in the Changjiang Estuary in despite of adequate nourishment supply, because photosynthesis of phytoplankton is constrained by high suspended sediment concentration（SSC）. However, an area with a high content of Chl a occurs, which may be caused by resuspended benthic algae with bottom fine grain-size sediments. Tremendous pressures are imposed on the environment of Changjiang Estuary, because of uhrophication trends and special hydrodynamics. Phytoplankton bloom area tends to extend from the outer sea to the mouth of Changjiang River. 相似文献
15.
利用中国第18和21次南极考察获取的南极普里兹湾沉积物样品,分析了其中的有机碳和糖类物质的含量及组成,结果表明糖类和有机碳的分布受上层水体的初级生产、地形条件和水体垂直稳定度等多种因素的控制。表层沉积物中糖类物质的平均含量为3.03 mg/g,最高值为5.60mg/g,出现在湾内的毗邻陆架区。沉积物有机碳含量与表层海水叶绿素a具有良好的相关性,能够反映上层水体初级生产的变化。单糖组分的研究可以判定其生源母质,沉积物中有机质的来源主要是海洋上层生物。糖类是易被降解利用的有机质,通过糖类物质中六碳糖的比重及其垂直分布的变化可以判断出不同站位沉积速率的相对快慢。 相似文献
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Sources and distribution of organic matter in a river-dominated estuary (Winyah Bay, SC, USA) 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
Miguel A. Goi Maria J. Teixeira David W. Perkey 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2003,57(5-6):1023-1048
The sources and distribution of organic matter (OM) in surface waters and sediments from Winyah Bay (South Carolina, USA) were investigated using a variety of analytical techniques, including elemental, stable isotope and organic biomarker analyses. Several locations along the estuary salinity gradient were sampled during four different periods of contrasting river discharge and tidal range. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations of surface waters ranged from 7 mg l−1 in the lower bay stations closest to the ocean to 20 mg l−1 in the river and upper bay samples. There was a general linear relationship between DOC concentrations and salinity in three of the four sampling periods. In contrast, particulate organic carbon (POC) concentrations were significantly lower (0.1–3 mg l−1) and showed no relationship with salinity. The high molecular weight dissolved OM (HMW DOM) isolated from selected water samples collected along the bay displayed atomic carbon:nitrogen ratios ([C/N]a) and stable carbon isotopic compositions of organic carbon (δ13COC) that ranged from 10 to 30 and from −28 to −25‰, respectively. Combined, such compositions indicate that in most HMW DOM samples, the majority of the OM originates from terrigenous sources, with smaller contributions from riverine and estuarine phytoplankton. In contrast, the [C/N]a ratios of particulate OM (POM) samples varied significantly among the collection periods, ranging from low values of 5 to high values of >20. Overall, the trends in [C/N]a ratios indicated that algal sources of POM were most important during the early and late summer, whereas terrigenous sources dominated in the winter and early spring.In Winyah Bay bottom sediments, the concentrations of the mineral-associated OM were positively correlated with sediment surface area. The [C/N]a ratios and δ13COC compositions of the bulk sedimentary OM ranged from 5 to 45 and from −28 to −23‰, respectively. These compositions were consistent with predominant contributions of terrigenous sources and lesser (but significant) inputs of freshwater, estuarine and marine phytoplankton. The highest terrigenous contents were found in sediments from the river and upper bay sites, with smaller contributions to the lower parts of the estuary. The yields of lignin-derived CuO oxidation products from Winyah Bay sediments indicated that the terrigenous OM in these samples was composed of variable mixtures of relatively fresh vascular plant detritus and moderately altered soil OM. Based on the lignin phenol compositions, most of this material appeared to be derived from angiosperm and gymnosperm vascular plant sources similar to those found in the upland coastal forests in this region. A few samples displayed lignin compositions that suggested a more significant contribution from marsh C3 grasses. However, there was no evidence of inputs of Spartina alterniflora (a C4 grass) remains from the salt marshes that surround the lower sections of Winyah Bay. 相似文献
17.
本研究旨在揭示九龙江口潮滩有机质含量及其来源的时空分异规律，寻找有效识别潮滩沉积环境的有机碳指标，以便更好地将有机碳应用于河口沉积微相识别和古环境研究。在九龙江口潮滩不同地貌单元，于夏季和冬季采集41个表层沉积物，进行粒度、总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)和稳定碳同位素(δ13C)测试。结果显示：从高潮滩至低潮滩，沉积物粒度逐渐变粗，TOC、TN和C/N变小，δ13C值偏正。高潮滩有机质来源以陆源和红树林贡献为主，中潮滩以海源和互花米草贡献为主，低潮滩以海源贡献为主。九龙江口潮滩有机质的分布和来源受控于河口陆海相互作用的季节变化、潮滩沉积动力分异和潮滩植被分布。高潮滩与中–低潮滩之间，TOC存在显著性差异，TN、δ13C存在极显著性差异，因此参数组合TOC、TN和δ13C可作为高潮滩与中–低潮滩的有效判别指标。 相似文献
18.
南大洋普里兹湾沉积物中生物硅含量与分布 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
利用中国第18,21次南极考察获得的沉积物样品,对南大洋普里兹湾沉积物中生物硅(BSiO2)的含量以及分布特征进行了初步研究.结果表明:普里兹湾表层沉积物中生物硅含量丰富,生物硅含量在4.89%~85.41%之间变化,平均为30.90%.最高值出现在湾内的IV-10站.生物硅的垂向分布与间隙水中硅酸盐呈现相反的变化趋势.表层沉积物中生物硅和有机碳分布趋势与表层海水中叶绿素a、初级生产力的分布趋势密切相关,最大值均出现在普里兹湾环流中心区域,较好地反映了上层水体中初级生产力的变化状况. 相似文献
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分析深圳湾表层沉积物中锌、铬、镉、镍、铅、铜等6种重金属元素的含量发现它们的浓度均值已全部超过广东省海岸带沉积物背景值。根据潜在生态危害法,在6种重金属中镉造成的污染最严重,从潜在的生态危害指数评价看镉的含量已达到很高的污染水平。从面状分布看,重金属污染危害指数值在深圳河口区最低,在蛇口段居中等水平,在深圳湾内侧的近岸水域最大。柱样沉积物的浓度变化以1950年为界划分为两部分:1950年以来的现代沉积物中有较强的人类活动干扰痕迹,表现为重金属元素的浓度增长幅度大,且浓度很高,其均值全部大于广东省海岸带的背景值;1950年以前的近代沉积物中有稍弱的人类活动干扰痕迹。研究认为沉积物粒度特征、沉积速率、人类活动与重金属在沉积物中的浓度高低有直接相关关系,并直接影响到重金属在沉积物中的污染水平。 相似文献