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中国近海鲐鱼资源时空分布与海洋净初级生产力的关系研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
海洋净初级生产力影响了浮游动植物的空间分布和丰度，因此决定了海洋渔业的潜在产量。本文根据2006-2015年7-9月中国远洋渔业数据中心提供的中国近海鲐鱼捕捞数据和海洋净初级生产力遥感数据，以单位捕捞努力量渔获量（CPUE）表征资源丰度，以经度和纬度重心表征空间分布，分析研究了鲐鱼资源丰度和空间分布与海洋净初级生产力的关系。研究结果表明，2006-2015年鲐鱼产量、CPUE、经度和纬度重心呈现明显的月份和年际变化，7-9月渔场内净初级生产力空间分布模式不同。频率分布结果表明7-9月鲐鱼对应的适宜净初级生产力浓度范围分别为300~500 mg/（m2·d）（以碳计，下同），300~400 mg/（m2·d），300~400 mg/（m2·d）。相关分析结果表明，鲐鱼资源丰度与适宜净初级生产力海域范围比例呈显著正相关，且鲐鱼纬度重心与适宜净初级生产力海域平均纬度呈显著正相关关系，这表明渔场内的净初级生产力大小和分布模式显著影响鲐鱼的资源丰度和渔场重心位置。在鲐鱼主要分布海域25°~30°N，120°~130°E范围内，鲐鱼资源丰度与净初级生产力大小呈显著负相关关系。此外，不同气候条件下鲐鱼渔场净初级生产力大小变化不同，2007年和2010年强拉尼娜年份以及2009年中强厄尔尼诺年份鲐鱼渔场范围海洋净初级生产力降低，但适宜的海洋净初级生产力范围增大，导致鲐鱼资源丰度上升；而2015年超强厄尔尼诺年份鲐鱼渔场范围内海洋净初级生产力上升，但适宜的海洋净初级生产力范围显著减小，因此鲐鱼资源丰度相对降低。研究表明，中国近海鲐鱼资源时空分布与海洋净初级生产力具有显著关联。 相似文献
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海洋初级生产力在海洋生态中扮演重要角色,其变化影响了海洋渔业的潜在产量。本文根据2004-2013年中国鱿钓组提供的西北太平洋柔鱼(Ommastrephes bartramii)捕捞数据和海洋遥感净初级生产力数据,研究了柔鱼冬春生西部群体资源量变动与净初级生产力的关系。结果发现,柔鱼渔场范围内净初级生产力在经度方向上呈明显的季节性变化,冬春季低,夏秋季高。捕捞月份7-11月对应的适宜净初级生产力范围分别为500~700 mg/(m2·d)(以碳计),500~800 mg/(m2·d),500~1000 mg/(m2·d),500~800 mg/(m2·d)和300~500 mg/(m2·d),最适净初级生产力分别为700 mg/(m2·d),600 mg/(m2·d),700 mg/(m2·d),600 mg/(m2·d)和400 mg/(m2·d)。7-11各月最适净初级生产力平均纬度与捕捞努力量纬度重心呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),说明了捕捞努力量位置在渔场中不是随机分布,可能受最适净初级生产力的纬度分布的影响。柔鱼年间资源丰度与各年3月份净初级生产力以及7-11月份平均净初级生产力大小显著正相关(P<0.05)。推测每年柔鱼资源量大小可能是由3月份产卵场海域和7-11月捕捞月份渔场净初级生产力水平交互作用的结果。研究表明,异常环境条件(厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜事件)对柔鱼产卵场和渔场的净初级生产力具有显著影响,但调控机制不同。 相似文献
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东南太平洋秘鲁海域光合有效辐射对茎柔鱼资源丰度和空间分布的影响研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
光合有效辐射（PAR）是海洋初级生产力的重要驱动因素之一，因此对海洋鱼类的资源丰度和空间分布产生潜在影响。本文根据2006-2015年1-12月中国鱿钓科学技术组提供的秘鲁外海茎柔鱼捕捞数据和光合有效辐射卫星遥感数据，以单位捕捞努力量渔获量（CPUE）表征资源丰度，以CPUE的纬度重心表征渔场空间分布，评估了东南太平洋秘鲁海域光合有效辐射对茎柔鱼资源变动的影响。结果发现，茎柔鱼渔场的产量、捕捞努力量、CPUE和PAR呈现明显的月间变化，其中CPUE和PAR月间变化规律表现为1-6月降低，7-12月增加的趋势。相关分析法表明，CPUE与PAR呈正相关关系，7月和8月相关性显著，而其余月份相关性不显著。依据频率分布法估算了各月适宜和最适PAR范围，各月最适PAR范围占渔场总面积比例与CPUE呈显著正相关关系，推测茎柔鱼资源丰度可能由各月适宜PAR面积大小决定；同时，最适PAR纬度与CPUE纬度重心呈显著正相关，说明茎柔鱼渔场的空间分布受最适PAR纬度的显著影响。此外，拉尼娜年份茎柔鱼适宜PAR面积要显著高于厄尔尼诺年份。研究表明，茎柔鱼资源丰度和空间分布受光合有效辐射的显著影响，其调控作用在不同气候条件下呈现不同的变化规律。 相似文献
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基于环境因子的东、黄海鲐鱼剩余产量模型及应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
海洋环境是影响中上层鱼类资源的重要因子之一。本文根据东、黄海鲐鱼推断的产卵场海域平均海表面温度(SST)和适宜SST(15~21℃)范围,假设环境容量K和内禀自然增长率r与环境因子呈线性关系,建立了基于SST的剩余产量模型(Environmentally Dependent Surplus Produc-tion Model,EDSP模型),分析环境因子对东、黄海鲐鱼资源的影响。用Akaike信息法则(Akaike Information Criterion,AIC)对不同模型进行了比较。研究结果表明,产卵场适宜SST面积与平均SST成反比,基于产卵场适宜SST面积的ESDP模型为最优模型,并证实产卵场适宜SST面积大小与Kr、呈线性关系,进而对鲐鱼繁殖成功率和补充量的影响。研究结果可为鲐鱼资源量的预测和科学管理提供参考。 相似文献
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基于个体的东海鲐鱼补充量年际变动模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
东海鲐鱼（Scomber japonicus）是我国近海重要经济鱼种，年际资源量波动较大，物理环境对其资源量的丰歉影响很大。本文运用基于个体的东海鲐鱼生长初期生态模型，模拟1978-2013年东海鲐鱼资源补充量。模拟发现，物理环境的变化确实能导致东海鲐鱼资源补充量的年际差异，并且在90年代后出现了较大的波动，资源补充量最多的2002年（1.8×109尾）与最少的1996年（6.5×108尾）相差1.15×109尾。产卵后的15~30 d，即4月份鱼卵仔鱼所处的海洋物理环境对东海鲐鱼最终的资源补充量起到重要作用，4月底鱼卵仔鱼的存活量基本上决定了东海鲐鱼最终的资源补充量的多寡。4月份的水温是影响鲐鱼资源补充量的物理因素之一，4月份水温高有利于提高鲐鱼的资源补充量，相反，水温偏低不利于鲐鱼的资源补充量。4月份的台湾暖流的流速也是影响鲐鱼资源补充量的另外一个物理因素，4月份台湾暖流的势力强对东海鲐鱼最终资源补充量是有利的，相反，流速小对补充量较不利。4月份台湾暖流的水温、流速决定最终东海鲐鱼资源补充量。 相似文献
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光合有效辐射(PAR)对于海洋初级生产力具有显著的调控作用，会间接影响到头足类的资源丰度和渔场分布。本文根据2006?2015年上海海洋大学鱿钓科学技术组提供的柔鱼鱿钓数据和光合有效辐射卫星遥感数据，研究了光合有效辐射与西北太平洋柔鱼种群的关系，并评估了异常环境条件下光合有效辐射对柔鱼的影响。结果发现，柔鱼单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)、渔场纬度重心、PAR，及其空间分布均具有显著的月间变化。7?11月各月适宜PAR范围分别为36～39 E/(m2·d)、33～36 E/(m2·d)、24～27 E/(m2·d)、18 E/(m2·d)和12 E/(m2·d)，最适宜PAR值分别为36 E/(m2·d)、33 E/(m2·d)、27 E/(m2·d)、18 E/(m2·d)和12 E/(m2·d)。此外，CPUE与PAR有显著正相关关系(p<0.05)，且CPUE与各月适宜PAR范围占渔场比例也呈显著正相关(p<0.05)；同时渔场纬度重心随各月最适PAR平均纬度变化而变化。在异常环境条件下，拉尼娜年份CPUE值比厄尔尼诺年份高，该年份PAR值异常增高可能是导致柔鱼资源丰度增加的因素之一。研究表明，光合有效辐射对于西北太平洋柔鱼资源丰度和空间分布具有显著影响。 相似文献
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浮游植物生物量与生产力是海洋生态系食物网的结构与功能的基础环节，是供养其摄食者——浮游动物的物质基础，从而直接或间接地影响海区鱼、虾、贝等经济渔业资源的变动。对浮游植物粒度分级生物量与生产力的研究有助于从更深层次上研究海洋生态系自然群落结构、功能及其环境调控，并可对了解其捕食者群体的特性和营养关系提供重要信息。
渤海是一个半封闭的浅海，生态环境的季节变化显著，同时渤海周围又是人口相对集中，工农业生产较为发达的区域，易受人为因素的影响。20世纪80-90年代初，科学家们曾在渤海进行过不少初级生产力的观测(费尊乐等，1988；朱明远等，1993；吕端华等，1999)，但该海域浮游植物生物量与生产力粒度结构方面的资料尚为欠缺。而近年来渤海生态环境日趋恶化，渔业资源严重衰退，因此在该海域进行生态系统动力学，特别是浮游动物种群动力学的研究时，必须同步开展初级生产力结构的动态变化及其控制过程研究。
本研究是国家自然科学基金重大项目“渤海生态系统动力学与生物资源持续利用”的一个重要组成部分，旨在研究渤海春末、夏初对虾产卵期浮游植物现存生物量和初级产力的粒度结构、周日和空间变化及其与环境之间的关系，特别是浮游动物摄食之间关系，从而为渤海生态系统动力学模式的建立和生物资源的可持续利用提供科学依据。 相似文献
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本文利用1998-2016年西北太平洋柔鱼渔业数据及其渔场（35°~45°N，140°~165°E）的海洋遥感环境数据，包括海表温度、海面高度异常和叶绿素浓度，采用基于渔场环境的方法标准化西北太平洋柔鱼单位捕捞努力量渔获量（catch per unit effort，CPUE）。结果表明:柔鱼高频次作业的海表温度范围为10.2~22.2℃（96.05%），海面高度异常范围为-15.9~28.2 cm（97.91%），叶绿素浓度范围为0.0~1.0 mg/m3（96.69%）。名义CPUE和基于环境因子的标准化CPUE年际变化趋势基本一致。但由于柔鱼作业方式高度集中，有效捕捞努力量远低于名义捕捞努力量，以及考虑环境因子影响效应，名义CPUE均低于标准化CPUE。在深入理解鱿钓渔业和其生物学特性的基础上，基于渔场环境因子准化后的CPUE更具代表性，建议在以后的柔鱼资源评估与管理中使用基于渔场环境因子的标准化CPUE。 相似文献
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鲐鱼(Scomber japonicus)是西北太平洋的重要捕捞对象,其分布易受环境变化的影响。为定量分析海表温度和叶绿素浓度等影响因子对渔场分布的作用,文章采用产量重心、地统计插值和广义加性模型等方法,结合2017年西北太平洋2艘灯光敷网渔船的渔捞日志和海洋环境数据,探究该海域的渔场分布变化。研究结果表明：鲐鱼产量和单位捕捞努力量渔获量（CPUE）呈先上升后下降的趋势,其中7月的产量最高,9月的CPUE最高;产量重心于4-9月由SW方向向NE方向移动,并于9-12月返回SW方向;鲐鱼渔场的最适海表温度为14℃～16℃,最适叶绿素a浓度为0.4～1.0 mg/m3;叶绿素a浓度对渔场分布无显著影响,可能与鲐鱼摄食对象的特性有关。 相似文献
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Fish biomass is a critical component of fishery stock assessment and management and it is often estimated from ocean primary production（OPP）. However, the relationship between the biomass of a fish stock and OPP is always complicated due to a variety of trophic controls in the ecosystem. In this paper, we examine the quantitative relationship between the biomass of chub mackerel（Scomber japonicus） and net primary production（NPP） in the southern East China Sea（SECS）, using catch and effort data from the Chinese mainland large light-purse seine fishery logbook and NPP derived from remote sensing. We further discuss the mechanisms of trophic control in regulating this relationship. The results show a significant non-linear relationship exists between standardized CPUE（Catch-Per-Unit-Effort） and NPP（P〈0.05）. This relationship can be described by a convex parabolic curve, where the biomass of chub mackerel increases with NPP to a maximum and then decreases when the NPP exceeds this point. The results imply that the ecosystem in the SECS is subject to complex trophic controls. We speculate that the change in abundance of key species at intermediate trophic levels and/or interspecific competition might contribute to this complex relationship. 相似文献
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基于个体模型的东海鲐鱼渔场形成机制研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
鲐鱼Scomber japonicus资源丰富,在我国近海渔业中占有重要地位。其渔场的形成受海洋环境的制约,本文确定鲐鱼运动和物理环境之间的响应关系,建立起了基于个体的东海鲐鱼生长洄游模型。结果显示,鲐鱼集群分布与捕捞生产渔场基本吻合,鲐鱼聚集主要受台湾暖流、大陆沿岸水、黑潮影响,往往集群在一定温度范围内并在冷暖交汇区温盐梯度大偏暖水一侧。在台湾暖流和沿岸水交汇的锋面附近、台湾暖流暖水舌前端、黑潮与中国大陆沿岸水形成的潮境区域均有大量的鲐鱼聚集,并形成渔场。产卵位置的变动使偏西产卵位置的鲐鱼由于受台湾暖流影响较大,鲐鱼会呈长带状大量聚集在台湾暖流和沿岸水的锋面附近,并使在台湾暖流暖水舌前端的聚集数量增多,而偏东的产卵的鲐鱼受黑潮影响较大,聚集分布范围较大,会使黑潮形成的锋面附近聚集数量增多,而使台湾暖水舌的前端的聚集量减少。正常产卵位置在生存率方面是最佳产卵位置。研究表明鲐鱼所处空间位置不同,会影响其集群的位置,用数值模型验证了物理环境会对鲐鱼的洄游和渔场的形成产生影响。 相似文献
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基于提升回归树的东、黄海鲐鱼渔场预报 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8
为提高东、黄海鲐鱼渔场预报准确率、降低渔业生产成本,研究提出了一种基于提升回归树的渔场预报模型。研究采用2003—2010年我国大型灯光围网渔捞日志数据,以有网次记录的小渔区为渔场,以渔捞日志未记录的区域作为背景场随机选择假定非渔场数据,以海表水温等环境因子作为预测变量构建东、黄海鲐鱼渔场预报模型并以2011年的实际作业记录对预报模型进行精度验证。验证计算得到预报模型的AUC(area under receiver operating curve)值为0.897,表明模型的预报精度较高。模型的空间预测结果表明,预报渔场与实际作业位置基本吻合,其位置移动也与实际情况相符。这表明基于提升回归树的渔场预报模型可以用来进行东、黄海鲐鱼渔场的预报。 相似文献
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The pelagic species is closely related to the marine environmental factors, and establishment of forecasting model of fishing ground with high accuracy is an important content for pelagic fishery. The chub mackerel(Scomber japonicus) in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea is an important fishing target for Chinese lighting purse seine fishery. Based on the fishery data from China's mainland large-type lighting purse seine fishery for chub mackerel during the period of 2003 to 2010 and the environmental data including sea surface temperature(SST), gradient of the sea surface temperature(GSST), sea surface height(SSH) and geostrophic velocity(GV), we attempt to establish one new forecasting model of fishing ground based on boosted regression trees. In this study, the fishing areas with fishing effort is considered as one fishing ground, and the areas with no fishing ground are randomly selected from a background field, in which the fishing areas have no records in the logbooks. The performance of the forecasting model of fishing ground is evaluated with the testing data from the actual fishing data in 2011. The results show that the forecasting model of fishing ground has a high prediction performance, and the area under receiver operating curve(AUC) attains 0.897. The predicted fishing grounds are coincided with the actual fishing locations in 2011, and the movement route is also the same as the shift of fishing vessels, which indicates that this forecasting model based on the boosted regression trees can be used to effectively forecast the fishing ground of chub mackerel in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. 相似文献
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Variations in the abundance of fisheries resources and ecosystem structure in the Japan/East Sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Chang Ik Zhang Jae Bong Lee Young Il Seo Sang Cheol Yoon Suam Kim 《Progress in Oceanography》2004,61(2-4):245
Evidence supports the hypothesis that two climatic regime shifts in the North Pacific and the Japan/East Sea, have affected the dynamics of the marine ecosystem and fisheries resources from 1960 to 2000. Changes in both mixed layer depth (MLD) and primary production were detected in the Japan/East Sea after 1976. The 1976 regime shift appears to have caused the biomass replacement with changes in catch production of major exploited fisheries resources, including Pacific saury, Pacific sardine and filefish. Both fisheries yield and fish distribution are reflected in these decadal fluctuations. In the 1960s and 1990s, common squid dominated the catches whereas in the 1970s and 1980s, it was replaced by walleye pollock. In the post-1988 regime shift, the distribution of horse mackerel shifted westward and southward and its distributional overlap with common mackerel decreased. The habitat of Pacific sardine also shifted away from mackerel habitats during this period. To evaluate changes in the organization and structure of the ecosystem in the Japan/East Sea, a mass-balanced model, Ecopath, was employed. Based on two mass-balanced models, representing before (1970–75) and after (1978–84) the 1976 regime shift, the weighted mean trophic level of catch increased from 3.09 before to 3.28 after. Total biomass of species groups in the Japan/East Sea ecosystem increased by 15% and total catch production increased by 48% due to the 1976 regime shift. The largest changes occurred at mid-trophic levels, occupied by fishes and cephalopods. The dominant predatory species shifted from cephalopods to walleye pollock due to the 1976 regime shift. It is concluded that the climatic regime shifts caused changes in the structure of the ecosystem and the roles of major species, as well as, large variations in biomass and production of fisheries resources. 相似文献
16.
《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(1):391-414
A balanced trophic flow model of the southern Benguela ecosystem is presented, averaging the period 1980–1989 and emphasizing upper trophic levels. The model is based largely on studies conducted within the framework of the Benguela Ecology Programme and updates the results of an expert workshop held in Cape Town in September 1989. Small pelagic fish other than anchovy Engraulis capensis and sardine Sardinops sagax, mainly round herring Etrumeus whiteheadi and mesopelagic fish, were important components of the food web in the southern Benguela. Severe balancing difficulties were encountered with respect to the semi-pelagic resources (hake Merluccius spp.) and demersal top predators (sharks), indicating the need for further research on the interaction of these groups with their ecosystem. The model is compared to other existing trophic flow models of ecosystems in major upwelling areas, i.e. the northern Humboldt Current (4–14°S), the California Current (28–42°N) and the southern Canary Current (l2–25°N), and to two independently constructed models of the northern Benguela ecosystem. These models are compared using network analysis routines of the ECOPATH software, focusing on the interactions between the five dominant fish species (anchovy, sardine, horse mackerel Trachurus trachurus capensis, chub mackerel Scomber japonicus and hake) that support important fisheries in all systems. The upwelling systems rank by size rather than species dominance. The ratio of catches and primary production differs between systems, partly because of differences in fishing regimes. Predation on the five dominant fish groups by other fish in the system was the most important cause of fish mortality in all models. Fishery catches are generally a larger cause of mortality for these groups than predation by mammals. The ecological cost of fishing appears to be comparatively low in the southern Benguela, because catches are low compared with the primary production, but also because the fishery is relatively low in the foodweb. However, in view of the very tight foodweb demonstrated in the model. it is likely that an increase in fishing pressure would cause severe trade-offs with respect to other components of the southern Benguela ecosystem. 相似文献
17.
18.
Natalia A. Yaragina Andrey V. Dolgov 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2009,56(21-22):2141
Abundance and biomass of the most important fish species inhabited the Barents and Norwegian Sea ecosystems have shown considerable fluctuations over the last decades. These fluctuations connected with fishing pressure resulted in the trophic structure alterations of the ecosystems. Resilience and other theoretical concepts (top-down, wasp-waste and bottom-up control, trophic cascades) were viewed to examine different response of the Norwegian and Barents Sea ecosystems on disturbing forces. Differences in the trophic structure and functioning of Barents and Norwegian Sea ecosystems as well as factors that might influence the resilience of the marine ecosystems, including climatic fluctuation, variations in prey and predator species abundance, alterations in their regular migrations, and fishing exploitation were also considered. The trophic chain lengths in the deep Norwegian Sea are shorter, and energy transfer occurs mainly through the pelagic fish/invertebrates communities. The shallow Barents Sea is characterized by longer trophic chains, providing more energy flow into their benthic assemblages. The trophic mechanisms observed in the Norwegian Sea food webs dominated by the top-down control, i.e. the past removal of Norwegian Spring spawning followed by zooplankton development and intrusion of blue whiting and mackerel into the area. The wasp-waist response is shown to be the most pronounced effect in the Barents Sea, related to the position of capelin in the ecosystem; large fluctuations in the capelin abundance have been strengthened by intensive fishery. Closer links between ecological and fisheries sciences are needed to elaborate and test various food webs and multispecies models available. 相似文献
19.
Suam Kim Chang-Ik Zhang Jin-Yeong Kim Jae-Ho Oh Sukyung Kang Jae Bong Lee 《Ocean Science Journal》2007,42(3):179-192
Understanding in climate effects on marine ecosystem is essential to utilize, predict, and conserve marine living resources
in the 21s t century. In this review paper, we summariz ed t h e past history and current status of Korean fisheries as well
as the changes in climate and oceanographic phenomena since the 1960s. Ocean ecosystems in Korean waters can be divided into
three, based on the marine commercial fish catches; the demersal ecosystem in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea, the pelagic
ecosystem in the Tsushima Warm Current from the East China Sea to the East/Japan Sea, and the demersal ecosystem in the northern
part of the East/Japan Sea. Through the interdisciplinary retrospective analysis using available fisheries, oceanographic,
and meteorological information in three important fish communities, the trend patterns in major commercial catches and the
relationship between climate/ environmental variability and responses of fish populations were identified. Much evidence revealed
that marine ecosystems, including the fish community in Korean waters, has been seriously affected by oceanographic changes,
and each species has responded differently. In general, species diversity is lessening, and mean trophic level of each ecosystem
has decreased during the last 3~4 decades. Future changes in fisheries due to global warming are also considered for major
fisheries and aquaculture in Korean waters. 相似文献
20.
Trophic modeling of the Northern Humboldt Current Ecosystem, Part I: Comparing trophic linkages under La Niña and El Niño conditions 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Jorge Tam Marc H. Taylor Vernica Blaskovic Pepe Espinoza R. Michael Balln Erich Díaz Claudia Wosnitza-Mendo Juan Argüelles Sara Purca Patricia Ayn Luis Quipuzcoa Dimitri Gutirrez Elisa Goya Noemí Ochoa Matthias Wolff 《Progress in Oceanography》2008,79(2-4):352
The El Niño of 1997–98 was one of the strongest warming events of the past century; among many other effects, it impacted phytoplankton along the Peruvian coast by changing species composition and reducing biomass. While responses of the main fish resources to this natural perturbation are relatively well known, understanding the ecosystem response as a whole requires an ecotrophic multispecies approach. In this work, we construct trophic models of the Northern Humboldt Current Ecosystem (NHCE) and compare the La Niña (LN) years in 1995–96 with the El Niño (EN) years in 1997–98. The model area extends from 4°S–16°S and to 60 nm from the coast. The model consists of 32 functional groups of organisms and differs from previous trophic models of the Peruvian system through: (i) division of plankton into size classes to account for EN-associated changes and feeding preferences of small pelagic fish, (ii) increased division of demersal groups and separation of life history stages of hake, (iii) inclusion of mesopelagic fish, and (iv) incorporation of the jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas), which became abundant following EN. Results show that EN reduced the size and organization of energy flows of the NHCE, but the overall functioning (proportion of energy flows used for respiration, consumption by predators, detritus and export) of the ecosystem was maintained. The reduction of diatom biomass during EN forced omnivorous planktivorous fish to switch to a more zooplankton-dominated diet, raising their trophic level. Consequently, in the EN model the trophic level increased for several predatory groups (mackerel, other large pelagics, sea birds, pinnipeds) and for fishery catch. A high modeled biomass of macrozooplankton was needed to balance the consumption by planktivores, especially during EN condition when observed diatoms biomass diminished dramatically. Despite overall lower planktivorous fish catches, the higher primary production required-to-catch ratio implied a stronger ecological impact of the fishery and stresses the need for precautionary management of fisheries during and after EN. During EN energetic indicators such as the lower primary production/total biomass ratio suggest a more energetically efficient ecosystem, while reduced network indicators such as the cycling index and relative ascendency indicate of a less organized state of the ecosystem. Compared to previous trophic models of the NHCE we observed: (i) a shrinking of ecosystem size in term of energy flows, (ii) slight changes in overall functioning (proportion of energy flows used for respiration, consumption by predators and detritus), and (iii) the use of alternate pathways leading to a higher ecological impact of the fishery for planktivorous fish. 相似文献