共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
南海沿海季节性海平面异常变化特征及成因分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Based on sea level, air temperature, sea surface temperature(SST), air pressure and wind data during 1980–2014,this paper uses Morlet wavelet transform, Estuarine Coastal Ocean Model(ECOM) and so on to investigate the characteristics and possible causes of seasonal sea level anomalies along the South China Sea(SCS) coast. The research results show that:(1) Seasonal sea level anomalies often occur from January to February and from June to October. The frequency of sea level anomalies is the most in August, showing a growing trend in recent years. In addition, the occurring frequency of negative sea level anomaly accounts for 50% of the total abnormal number.(2) The seasonal sea level anomalies are closely related to ENSO events. The negative anomalies always occurred during the El Ni?o events, while the positive anomalies occurred during the La Ni?a(late El Ni?o) events. In addition, the seasonal sea level oscillation periods of 4–7 a associated with ENSO are the strongest in winter, with the amplitude over 2 cm.(3) Abnormal wind is an important factor to affect the seasonal sea level anomalies in the coastal region of the SCS. Wind-driven sea level height(SSH) is basically consistent with the seasonal sea level anomalies. Moreover, the influence of the tropical cyclone in the coastal region of the SCS is concentrated in summer and autumn, contributing to the seasonal sea level anomalies.(4) Seasonal variations of sea level, SST and air temperature are basically consistent along the coast of the SCS, but the seasonal sea level anomalies have no much correlation with the SST and air temperature. 相似文献
2.
Variations of monsoon wind field in the sea area along the southeastern coast of China during the ENSO events and its influence on the sea level and sea surface temperature (SST) are explored mainly on the basis of the data of monthly mean wind at 850 hPa and five coastal stations during 1973-1987. The results from the analyses of the data and theoretical estimation show that the southwest wind anomalies appeared in the study area during the events, and northeast wind anomalies occurred in general before the events. With the coastline of the area being parallel basically to the direction of the wind, an Ekman transport will result in an accumulation of the water near the coast or a departure of the water from the coast. As a result , the sea level and SST there will be affected markedly. During the events, southwest wind will intensify in the summer, and northeast wind will weaken in the winter. Their total effect is that a large negative anomaly of the sea level and SST will occur. The estimations indi 相似文献
3.
Based on the analysis of wind,ocean currents,sea surface temperature(SST) and remote sensing satellite altimeter data,the characteristics and possible causes of sea level anomalies in the Xisha sea area are investigated.The main results are shown as follows:(1) Since 1993,the sea level in the Xisha sea area was obviously higher than normal in 1998,2001,2008,2010 and 2013.Especially,the sea level in 1998 and 2010 was abnormally high,and the sea level in 2010 was 13.2 cm higher than the muti-year mean,which was the highest in the history.In 2010,the sea level in the Xisha sea area had risen 43 cm from June to August,with the strength twice the annual variation range.(2) The sea level in the Xisha sea area was not only affected by the tidal force of the celestial bodies,but also closely related to the quasi 2 a periodic oscillation of tropical western Pacific monsoon and ENSO events.(3)There was a significant negative correlation between sea level in the Xisha sea area and ENSO events.The high sea level anomaly all happened during the developing phase of La Ni?a.They also show significant negative correlations with Ni?o 4 and Ni?o 3.4 indices,and the lag correlation coefficients for 2 months and 3 months are–0.46 and –0.45,respectively.(4) During the early La Ni?a event form June to November in 2010,the anomalous wind field was cyclonic.A strong clockwise vortex was formed for the current in 25 m layer in the Xisha sea area,and the velocity of the current is close to the speed of the Kuroshio near the Luzon Strait.In normal years,there is a "cool eddy".While in 2010,from July to August,the SST in the area was 2–3°C higher than that of the same period in the history. 相似文献
4.
From the analyses of the satellite altimeter Maps of Sea Level Anomaly(MSLA) data, tidal gauge sea level data and historical sea level data, this paper investigates the long-term sea level variability in the East China Sea(ECS).Based on the correlation analysis, we calculate the correlation coefficient between tidal gauge and the closest MSLA grid point, then generate the map of correlation coefficient of the entire ECS. The results show that the satellite altimeter MSLA data is effective to observe coastal sea level variability. An important finding is that from map of correlation coefficient we can identify the Kuroshio. The existence of Kuroshio decreases the correlation between coastal and the Pacific sea level. Kurishio likes a barrier or a wall, which blocks the effect of the Pacific and the global change. Moreover, coastal sea level in the ECS is mainly associated with local systems rather than global change. In order to calculate the long-term sea level variability trend, the empirical mode decomposition(EMD) method is applied to derive the trend on each MSLA grid point in the entire ECS. According to the 2-D distribution of the trend and rising rate, the sea level on the right side of the axis of Kuroshio rise faster than in its left side. This result supports the barrier effect of Kuroshio in the ECS. For the entire ECS, the average sea level rose 45.0 mm between 1993 and 2010, with a rising rate of(2.5±0.4) mm/a which is slower than global average.The relatively slower sea level rising rate further proves that sea level rise in the ECS has less response to global change due to its own local system effect. 相似文献
5.
2007和2012年北极最小海冰范围空间分布不同的原因分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Satellite records show the minimum Arctic sea ice extents(SIEs) were observed in the Septembers of 2007 and2012, but the spatial distributions of sea ice concentration reduction in these two years were quite different.Atmospheric circulation pattern and the upper-ocean state in summer were investigated to explain the difference.By employing the ice-temperature and ice-specific humidity(SH) positive feedbacks in the Arctic Ocean, this paper shows that in 2007 and 2012 the higher surface air temperature(SAT) and sea level pressure(SLP)accompanied by more surface SH and higher sea surface temperature(SST), as a consequence, the strengthened poleward wind was favorable for melting summer Arctic sea ice in different regions in these two years. SAT was the dominant factor influencing the distribution of Arctic sea ice melting. The correlation coefficient is –0.84 between SAT anomalies in summer and the Arctic SIE anomalies in autumn. The increase SAT in different regions in the summers of 2007 and 2012 corresponded to a quicker melting of sea ice in the Arctic. The SLP and related wind were promoting factors connected with SAT. Strengthening poleward winds brought warm moist air to the Arctic and accelerated the melting of sea ice in different regions in the summers of 2007 and 2012. Associated with the rising air temperature, the higher surface SH and SST also played a positive role in reducing summer Arctic sea ice in different regions in these two years, which form two positive feedbacks mechanism. 相似文献
6.
冬季黑潮延伸体海表温度对阿留申低压活动的双周期响应 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Based on our previous work, the winter sea surface temperature(SST) in the Kuroshio Extension(KE) region showed significant variability over the past century with periods of ~6 a between 1930 and 1950 and ~10 a between1980 and 2009. How the activity of the Aleutian Low(AL) induces this dual-period variability over the two different timespans is further investigated here. For the ~6 a periodicity during 1930–1950, negative wind stress curl(WSC)anomalies in the central subtropical Pacific associated with an intensified AL generate positive sea surface height(SSH) anomalies. When these wind-induced SSH anomalies propagate westwards to the east of Taiwan, China two years later, positive velocity anomalies appear around the Kuroshio to the east of Taiwan and then the mean advection via this current of velocity anomalies leads to a strengthened KE jet and thus an increase in the KE SST one year later. For the ~10 a periodicity during 1980–2009, a negative North Pacific Oscillation-like dipole takes2–3 a to develop into a significant positive North Pacific Oscillation-like dipole, and this process corresponds to the northward shift of the AL. Negative WSC anomalies associated with this AL activity in the central North Pacific are able to induce the positive SSH anomalies. These oceanic signals then propagate westward into the KE region after 2–3 a, favoring a northward shift of the KE jet, thus leading to the warming of the KE SST. The feedbacks of the KE SST anomaly on the AL forcing are both negative for these two periodicities. These results suggest that the dual-period KE SST variability can be generated by the two-way KE-SST-AL coupling. 相似文献
7.
On the basis of the satellite maps of sea level anomaly(MSLA) data and in situ tidal gauge sea level data,correlation analysis and empirical mode decomposition(EMD) are employed to investigate the applicability of MSLA data,sea level correlation,long-term sea level variability(SLV) trend,sea level rise(SLR) rate and its geographic distribution in the South China Sea(SCS).The findings show that for Dongfang Station,Haikou Station,Shanwei Station and Zhapo Station,the minimum correlation coefficient between the closest MSLA grid point and tidal station is 0.61.This suggests that the satellite altimeter MSLA data are effective to observe the coastal SLV in the SCS.On the monthly scale,coastal SLV in the western and northern part of SCS are highly associated with coastal currents.On the seasonal scale,SLV of the coastal area in the western part of the SCS is still strongly influenced by the coastal current system in summer and winter.The Pacific change can affect the SCS mainly in winter rather than summer and the affected area mostly concentrated in the northeastern and eastern parts of the SCS.Overall,the average SLR in the SCS is 90.8 mm with a rising rate of(5.0±0.4) mm/a during1993–2010.The SLR rate from the southern Luzon Strait through the Huangyan Seamount area to the Xisha Islands area is higher than that of other areas of the SCS. 相似文献
8.
Large-scale water transport is one of the key factors that affect sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA) in the eastern equatorial Pacific(EEP).The relationship between the wave transport in the tropical Pacific and the SSTA in the EEP is examined by different methods,including band-pass filtering,period analysis,correlation analysis,significant analysis,and empirical orthogonal function(EOF) analysis.We have found that the eastward shift of the wave transport anomaly in the tropical Pacific,with a period of 2 a and enhancing the transport of warm waters from the western Pacific warm pool,precedes the increase of sea surface temperature(SST) in the EEP.The wave transport and the SSTA in the EEP have a maximum correlation of 0.65 with a time-lag of 6 months(transport variation precedes the temperature).The major periods(3.7 a and 2.45 a) of the wave transport variability,as revealed by the EOF analysis,appear to be consistent with the SSTA oscillation cycle in the EEP.Based on the first occurrence of a significant SSTA in the Ni?o 3 region(5°S–5°N,90°–150°W),two types of warm events are defined.The wave transport anomalies in two types present predominantly the west anomaly in the tropical Pacific,it is that the wave transport continues transport warm water from west to east before the onset of the warm event.The impact of wave-induced water transport on the SSTA in the EEP is confirmed by the heat flux of the wave transport.The wave transport exerts significant effect on the SSTA variability in the EEP and thus is not neglectable in the further studies. 相似文献
9.
The saturated moist air with temperature T, pressure P and specific humidity q may be considered as an equivalent dry model air with temperature T* and pressure P under the condition of constant enthalpy. The features of the equivalent dry model air are described and the diagnostic analyses for the summer monsoon over Eastern Asia are examined. Results show that there are obvious baroclinicity features of equivalent temperature, i. e., wet baroclinicity, with a strong gradient belt of equivalent temperature for a time scale mean about 30 days in summer monsoon region and it is in accord with the confluence belt of the warmer air and colder air expressed by equivalent temperature; the mean updraft was observed at its warmer part of that region and downdraft at its colder part; the vertical shear of horizontal wind vector between 150 hPa and 850 hPa is related to the mass field expressed by mean equivalent temperature in that layer.These seem to indicate that the wet baroclinicity in summer monsoon region 相似文献
10.
冬季婆罗洲岛西北沿岸上升流的时空特征及机理研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Winter coastal upwelling off northwest Borneo in the South China Sea(SCS) is investigated by using satellite data, climatological temperature and salinity fields and reanalysis data. The upwelling forms in December, matures in January, starts to decay in February and almost disappears in March. Both Ekman transport induced by the alongshore winter monsoon and Ekman pumping due to orographic wind stress curl are favorable for the upwelling. Transport estimates demonstrate that the month-to-month variability of Ekman transport and Ekman pumping are both consistent with that of winter coastal upwelling, but Ekman transport is two times larger than Ekman pumping in January and February. Under the influence of El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO), the upwelling shows remarkable interannual variability: during winter of El Ni?o(La Ni?a) years, an anticyclonic(a cyclonic) wind anomaly is established in the SCS, which behaves a northeasterly(southwesterly) anomaly and a positive(negative) wind stress curl anomaly off the northwest Borneo coast, enhancing(reducing) the upwelling and causing anomalous surface cooling(warming) and higher(lower) chlorophyll concentration. The sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA) associated with ENSO off the northwest Borneo coast has an opposite phase to that off southeast Vietnam, resulting in a SSTA seesaw pattern in the southern SCS in winter. 相似文献
11.
Monthly variations of sensible heat, latent heat and momentum fluxes and the modification of sea temperature to air temperature were examined at four coastal stations—Sokcho, Kangnung, Ulsan and Chungmu in the path of the East Korea Warm Current from the year of 1981 to 1990, which was one of main migration routes of Japanese common squid. The difference between monthly averaged sea surface and air temperatures at the 10 m height above the sea surface mainly became negative values from April through August, while they had positive ones from September through March. Monthly variability of the temperature differences is significant in both summer and winter, while it is generally small in spring and fall. Negative values of sensible heat fluxes, which indicated a heat gain by the sea through heat conduction across the air-sea interface were found at the four coastal stations from April to August. Minimum values of sensible heat fluxes at Sokcho, Kangnung and Chungmu were in June, except for Ulsan in August. To the contrary, positive sensible heat flux implying a heat loss from sea toward atmosphere occurred from October to February with a maximum in December. Latent heat fluxes due to condensation of moist air over sea surface had small magnitudes from April to August and those due to evaporation of water particles from the sea surface into the lower atmosphere had relatively large magnitudes from October to March. Minimum values of latent heat fluxes also occurred in June except for August in Ulsan. Momentum flux was small from June to August under weak wind in summer, but it was large from December to February under strong wind in winter. Regression equations between sea surface temperature and air temperature at the 10 m height above the sea surface had very high correlation coefficients from 0.92-0.98, except for 0.78-0.84 of Ulsan, which was partially affected by upwelling of cool water from the bottom into the sea surface. Similar to the sea surface, correlation coefficients were over 0.83-0.97 except for 0.70-0.79 for Ulsan at the 10 m depth of sea and were over 0.70-0.95 except for 0.59-0.82 for Ulsan at the 20 m depth. 相似文献
12.
2012年中国沿海海平面上升显著成因分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
2012年,中国沿海海平面变化最突出的特点是海平面升高显著。海平面总体比常年高122mm,较2011年偏高53mm,达1980年以来最高位。本文使用中国沿海及西北太平洋区域近30a的水位、海温、气温、气压和风等水文气象资料,详细分析了中国沿海海平面2012年异常偏高的成因。结果表明:2010-2012年中国沿海海平面处于2~3a、8~9a和准19a周期震荡的高位,几个周期震荡高位叠加,对海平面上升起了明显的影响;2012年,沿海气温和海温分别较常年偏高0.4℃和0.3℃,气压较常年低1.2hPa,气压达历史最低位;2012年,中国南海夏季风爆发时间较常年偏早,结束较常年偏晚,季风持续时间较常年偏长,导致2012年5-6月和8月,在黄海和东海海域,东北风持续偏强,南海海域南风偏强,风场的异常导致黄海、东海和南海沿海海水长时间堆积,是造成海平面升高的原因之一;2012年,热带气旋登陆时间集中,影响范围广,北上和影响东北地区的台风数量均为历史之最,特别是2012年8月,有6个热带气旋相继影响我国沿海,对当月海平面升高影响明显;另外,2012年副热带高压偏北、偏东、偏弱的特点对东海和南海的海平面上升也有一定影响。 相似文献
13.
Long-term monthly sea level and sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies from central California show that during winter months, positive anomalies are associated with El Niño events and the negative ones with La Niña events. There is no significant impact on monthly mean anomalies associated with Pacific decadal oscillations, although there is a tendency for more extreme events and greater variance during positive decadal oscillations. The very strong 1997–1998 El Niño was analyzed with respect to the long-term historic record to assess the forcing mechanisms for sea level and SST. Beginning in the spring of 1997, we observed several long-period (>30 days) fluctuations in daily sea level with amplitudes of over 10 cm at San Francisco, California. Fluctuations of poleward long-period alongshore wind stress anomalies (AWSA) are coherent with the sea level anomalies. However, the wind stress cannot entirely account for the observed sea level signals. The sea level fluctuations are also correlated with sea level fluctuations observed further south at Los Angeles and Tumaco, Columbia, which showed a poleward phase propagation of the sea level signal. We suggest that the sea level fluctuations were, to a greater degree, forced by the passage of remotely generated and coastally trapped waves that were generated along the equator and propagated to the north along the west coast of North America. However, both local and remote AWSA can significantly modulate the sea level signals. The arrival of coastally trapped waves began in the spring of 1997, which is earlier than previous strong El Niño events such as the 1982–1983 event. 相似文献
14.
2016年中国沿海海平面上升显著成因分析及影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
使用中国沿海及西北太平洋区域的水位、海温、气温、气压和风等水文气象资料，详细分析了2016年中国沿海海平面显著升高的成因及影响。分析结果表明:（1）2012-2016年，中国沿海海平面处于准2 a、4 a、准9 a和准19 a周期振荡的高位，几个周期振荡高位叠加，对该时段海平面上升起了一定的作用；（2）2016年，中国沿海气温和海温较1993-2011年的平均值分别高0.7℃与0.5℃，均处于1980年以来高位；气压较1993-2011年的平均值低0.2 hPa；（3）2016年4月、9月、10月和11月，中国沿海海平面均达到1980年以来同期高位，这4个月的风场距平值在东海以南均明显偏大，且以偏南向和向岸风为主，风生流使得海水向岸堆积，沿海长时间以增水为主，对当月局部海平面上升的贡献率达到40%~80%；（4）2016年，中国沿海降水总体偏多，局部区域降水量达到历史同期最高，加上沿海径流量的增加，对沿海局部海平面升高有一定贡献；（5）2016年9-10月，有5个台风相继影响我国南部沿海，持续的风暴潮增水导致台风影响期间的海平面高于当月平均海平面70~360 mm，风暴潮和洪涝灾害给当地造成直接经济损失超过30亿元。 相似文献
15.
16.
P. M. Kosro 《Progress in Oceanography》2002,54(1-4)
The timing and intensity of the effects of the 1997–98 El Niño on sea-surface temperature (SST) and coastal sea level along the US west coast are examined using in situ time-series measurements, and the effects on upper ocean currents on the continental shelf and slope off Oregon and northern California are examined using repeated shipborne ADCP transects, a mid-shelf mooring off Newport Oregon and an HF surface current radar. An initial transient positive anomaly was observed in both adjusted sea level and SST during May–June 1997, followed by anomalously high coastal sea levels, generally strongest during September 1997 through February 1998 and abruptly returned to normal in late February 1998, and by positive temperatures anomalies over the mid-shelf that persisted longer, into April 1998. Low-frequency coastal sea-level anomalies propagated poleward at 2.1 m/s. Poleward flow over the shelf and slope was enhanced at most depths during the El Niño, compared with following years. Northward currents in the upper 12 m over the continental shelf off Newport, Oregon averaged 13.7 cm/s stronger during August 1997 through February 1998 than during the same period the following year. Enhanced poleward flow was present at all latitudes sampled during November 1997 and February 1998, particularly over the continental slope. These transects also provided clear views of a fall/winter equatorward undercurrent, which was both strongest and had the most alongshore similarity of form, during the ENSO. Finally, subsurface-intensified anticyclonic eddies originating in the poleward undercurrent appear to be a recurrent feature of the circulation off Newport late in the upwelling season. 相似文献