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1.
基于1959、1979、2010、2013年4个年份的水深资料,采用地理信息技术,研究了1959—2013年间宁波镇海沿岸海域的岸线变化、特征等深线分布变化及剖面变化,并定量计算了水下岸坡的冲淤变化.结果表明,在这54 a间,岸线持续向海推进约3~5 km,0、3、5 m等深线总体上也向海推进,幅度约330~5 600 m;但由于0 m等深线的推进速率小于岸线,因此干出滩面积锐减.相应的,不同时段水下岸坡的淤积速率分别为0. 46、2. 82、14. 14 cm/a,说明该水下岸坡经历了冲淤基本平衡—轻微淤积—较快淤积的调整过程.结合实测水文泥沙资料,探讨了水下岸坡的冲淤原因和动态趋势,得到了杭州湾南岸大规模围垦工程会维持并加快水下岸坡淤积的结论.  相似文献   

2.
主要应用数字海洋技术,对曹妃甸港区 25 万吨级矿石码头建成后的东侧老龙沟潮流通道的冲淤变化进行了研究.集曹妃甸地区 1953-2006 年多期海图资料,在地理信息系统软件 ArcGIS 支持下,对老龙沟潮流通道不同时期 0 m、5 m 和 10 m 等深线进行叠加对比分析;以 DEM 模型为载体,综合 1979-2005 年曹妃甸地区多时相、多分辨率遥感影像与水下地形信息解译的结果,并与 1997 年老龙沟实测断面水深测量数据对比分析,获得老龙沟潮流通道的冲淤演变趋势:近 50 年来老龙沟口门宽度未发生明显变化;深槽位置基本未变,稳定性较好.局部地区有冲淤变化,老龙沟西北侧潮滩有明显的淤进,尾端向西偏移,潮流通道尾端 ( 向陆侧 ) 10 m 等深线有 2 ~ 2.5 m 的浅滩变浅趋势,但基本处于微冲或微淤的动态平衡之中.1953-1986 年以淤积为主,淤积量为 30.2×107 m3,冲刷量为 3.1×107 m3,年均淤积速率为3.7 cm/a.1983-2006 年以冲刷为主,冲刷量为 11.4×107 m3,淤积量为 9.4×107 m3,年均冲刷速率为 0.35 cm/a.该研究结果能为曹妃甸港区规划和唐山港的进一步发展提供保证,对沿海潮汐通道的保护利用以及港口工业的发展具有重要的借鉴意义.  相似文献   

3.
渤海湾西南岸粉砂淤泥质海岸处于岸滩蚀退状态,利用ECOMSED数值模拟方法,分析了港口工程建设对水动力和海底蚀淤的影响。研究结果表明,近岸海域-2 m等深线以内以侵蚀为主,侵蚀速率一般小于10 cm/a;-2~-6 m等深线以淤积为主,淤积速率一般在10 cm/a以下,局部大于20 cm/a,-6 m等深线侵蚀速率小于10 cm/a。黄骅港导沙堤建设后淤积区整体向海扩展,延伸至约-8 m等深线,面积增加约5.4%;航道最大淤积速率由61.9 cm/a减小为46.8 cm/a;导沙堤堤头受挑流作用冲刷速率达到29.7~30.2 cm/a。  相似文献   

4.
利用近70 a来19个不同年份的水深地形资料,基于GIS技术进行数字化冲淤分析,结合实测水文泥沙资料和人类活动,探讨椒江山溪性强潮河口河床冲淤调整过程。研究表明,近70 a来无论是在河床纵横剖面还是在平面上,冲淤调整经历了较明显的四个阶段,可是平面上比纵横剖面上的平均冲淤速率更趋于整体性:(1)以自然作用为主,处于缓慢冲刷状态,冲刷区占65.4%,全区年均冲刷速率为 23 cm/a,年均冲刷量为537×10 4 m3;(2)受支流永宁江上游建库蓄水影响,从缓慢冲刷转为较明显的淤积状态,淤积区占662%,全区年均淤积速率为22 cm/a,年均淤积量为504×10 4 m3;(3)受航道整治完成的部分工程作用,由淤积又转为轻微冲刷状态,冲刷区占626%,全区年均冲刷速率为18 cm/a,年均冲刷量为414×10 4 m3;(4)受航道和支流永宁江的综合整治作用,从轻微冲刷朝加速冲刷方向发展,冲刷区占715%,全区年均冲刷速率为56 cm/a,年均冲刷量为1308×10 4 m3。这在某种程度上意味着椒江山溪性强潮河口河床冲淤调整受人为影响比受自然影响大。  相似文献   

5.
台州湾系椒江口的口外海滨,呈喇叭型,其主要特征是发育了庞大的台州浅滩,水深不足2m的浅水区长达18km,并与其南北潮滩连成一体,无明显水道。根据1931、1970和1982年海图资料对比,清晰表明台州湾岸滩及浅水海域的动态过程。40年来(1931—1970)台州湾普遍发生淤积,年淤积量达2900万t,岸线向海推移速度南岸为19m/a,0、2、5m等深线均向海推移,以2、5m等深线外移最为迅速,最大可达100m/a,淤高最大达3.5cm/a,其南部速度大于北部。根据台州湾9个站夏季大、小潮水文泥沙测验资料分析,得出丰富的物质来源、高的悬沙浓度以及在台州湾存在逆时针方向环流是造成台州湾淤积的主要因素。  相似文献   

6.
基于DEM的南黄海辐射沙脊群冲淤演变初步研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
利用1968年(实测时间为1963-1968年)和1979年南黄海辐射沙脊群三丫子港至川腰港1∶200 000海图以及2006年大丰港及其附近1∶50 000海图资料,用Mapinfo进行数字化处理,得到水深点和等深线数据,在Surfer8.0中进行Kriging插值,分别建立水下数字高程模型 (DEM) ,并定量计算1968年至1979年三丫子港至川腰港的冲淤变化,以及西洋潮流通道1968年、1979年和2006年之间的冲淤变化.结果表明:①辐射沙脊群三丫子港至川腰港1968年至1979年全区处于冲淤动态平衡,冲刷量为8.98×109 m3,淤积量为11.38×109 m3.全区平均淤高13 cm/a,年均淤积速率为1 cm,其中以沿岸和东北部淤积为主,沙脊群中心枢纽部位冲淤变化较为频繁,外海大部分区域较为稳定.②西洋潮流通道1968年至1979年以冲刷为主,全区平均冲刷1.05 m,年均冲刷速率为8.0 cm/a;1979年至2006年仍以冲刷为主,全区平均冲刷1.59 m,但年均冲刷速率小于1968年至1979年,为5.9 cm/a.  相似文献   

7.
利用近70a来19个不同年份的水深地形资料,基于GIS技术进行数字化冲淤分析,结合实测水文泥沙资料和人类活动,探讨椒江山溪性强潮河口河床冲淤调整过程。研究表明,近70a来无论是在河床纵横剖面还是在平面上,冲淤调整经历了较明显的四个阶段,可是平面上比纵横剖面上的平均冲淤速率更趋于整体性:(1)以自然作用为主,处于缓慢冲刷状态,冲刷区占65.4%,全区年均冲刷速率为2.3cm/a,年均冲刷量为53.7×104m3;(2)受支流永宁江上游建库蓄水影响,从缓慢冲刷转为较明显的淤积状态,淤积区占66.2%,全区年均淤积速率为2.2cm/a,年均淤积量为50.4×104m3;(3)受航道整治完成的部分工程作用,由淤积又转为轻微冲刷状态,冲刷区占62.6%,全区年均冲刷速率为1.8cm/a,年均冲刷量为41.4×104m3;(4)受航道和支流永宁江的综合整治作用,从轻微冲刷朝加速冲刷方向发展,冲刷区占71.5%,全区年均冲刷速率为5.6cm/a,年均冲刷量为130.8×104m3。这在某种程度上意味着椒江山溪性强潮河口河床冲淤调整受人为影响比受自然影响大。  相似文献   

8.
金塘水道冲淤变化分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用1935年、1962年、1987年和2004年4个典型年份的水深地形资料,通过建立这些年份金塘水道的数字高程模型,定量计算了不同时段海床平面冲淤和特征等深线位移的变化,并结合实测水文泥沙资料和南北两岸的水利水运工程布局,初步分析了冲淤变化的原因。结果表明,在1935—2004年的69年中,金塘水道的海床平面整体上以轻微冲刷为主,冲刷速率为2.3 em/a,而潮滩则表现为不断淤涨;水道冲淤在不同时段存在一定的差异,呈现由冲刷转向淤积的调整趋势,这种趋势可认为人为因素的作用大于自然环境因素的作用。  相似文献   

9.
近岸海床冲淤变化直接反映海区地貌稳定状态,由此影响海区物质迁移及水运资源可持续利用。基于此,本研究通过选择苍南海域不同时期的海图资料,基于ArcGIS平台探讨该海域多尺度海床冲淤过程,为研究区海岸港工建筑规划与评估提供理论指导。主要研究结果包括:苍南海域海床冲淤变化大致分为四个阶段,即1931—1970年大幅淤积,海床净淤积量达到169.47×106m3,淤积强度为5.18 cm/a;1971—2005年海床淤积幅度减弱,海床净淤积量为12.24×106m3,淤积强度为0.41 cm/a;2006—2009年海床由淤转冲,海床净冲刷量为14.70×106m3,冲刷强度为3.60 cm/a;2010—2017年海床持续冲刷,海床净冲刷量为10.17×106m3,冲刷强度为1.33 cm/a。除1931—1970年10 m等深线向海大幅扩张以及1971—2005年10 m等深线有部分向海扩张外,1971—2017年5 m与10 m等深线普遍向陆后退。2006—2017年,位于北关港内的2 m等深线也向陆后退。冲淤结果显示,苍南海域海床未来可能呈现弱侵蚀态势。其中,风暴潮频发导致海床经常性失稳加之长江入海泥沙的减少导致该区域泥沙补给不足,二者共同作用可能是该区域海床由淤积逐渐转为侵蚀的主导因素。  相似文献   

10.
为研究珠海市海域地形演变,基于2005~2014年海图资料提取了两期水深点和等深线,对比选取最优插值方法,构建珠海市海域水下地形变化图,分析研究区的冲淤变化。结果表明:(1)2005~2014年珠海市海域的0m和2m等深线比10m等深线变化剧烈,变化集中在近岸区域,说明人类改造活动占主导地位;(2)经不同区域冲淤统计和代表性断面分析可得,9年间海底淤积量大于冲刷量,淤积区域集中在澳门港至淇澳岛附近,港珠澳大桥建设为主导因素;冲刷区域集中在崖门水道、进海航道和高栏港附近,港口清淤及航道疏浚为主导因素。  相似文献   

11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ~200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ~380 km from the coast at a depth of ~250 m above the sea level.  相似文献   

12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability.  相似文献   

13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic regime of the sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

14.
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the shelf zone and open sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

15.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area.  相似文献   

16.
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption (fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem, which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge, water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.). Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

17.
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state.  相似文献   

18.
The stages of the development of the basin of the Bransfield Strait   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The study of the sedimentary body of the Bransfield Strait has made it possible to identify several sedimentary complexes, to construct the first electronic charts for the acoustic basement, and to establish four stages of the evolution of its floor, which updates the previous knowledge about the formation of the strait. At the first stage, there was an increase in tension stresses that were accompanied by the local splits of the continental crust at the periphery of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the second stage, a graben-like structure filled with the Lower stratigraphic complex was formed northward of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the third stage, the continuing processes of extension led to intensive explosive activity of the growing volcanic structures and filling of the graben with sediments of the Middle seismostratigraphic complex. The fourth stage, which has continued until recently, is characterized by quasi-linear localization of the major centers of volcanic activity in the band closer to the South-Shetland Islands and the formation of the Upper seismostratigraphic sedimentary complex. The evolution of the floor of the Bransfield Strait reflects the process of penetration of the American-Antarctic ridge to the continental lithosphere of the Antarctic Peninsula for the last million years.  相似文献   

19.
The first data on the temporal evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea are obtained. The sharp change in the rate of the decrease in the slope steepness that occurred in the Late Miocene-Pliocene time reflects a reorientation of the vector of mutual movement and a related intensification of the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates.  相似文献   

20.
Three mathematical models are considered: a two-dimensional model for calculating the concentration fields of the ecosystem components on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea, a pointwise model for the annual variation of the components, and a two predators-prey model. These models are used to study the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the state of the shelf ecosystem and for research into the causes which distort the balance between marketable and unmarketable fish.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov.  相似文献   

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