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1.
本文基于南大洋环流研究最新资料，从资料来源、动力模式以及有待解决的问题几个方面较详细地阐述南大洋环流动力学研究动态。 相似文献
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通过物理模型试验 ,研究了黄茅海内不同治导线对潮汐要素的影响 ,得出治导线对河口湾内的潮位变化随着上游径流量的增加而逐渐减弱的结论。中水大潮时 ,湾顶与湾腰处高潮位降低 ,低潮位抬高 ,其幅度与治导线进占的海域面积成正比。洪水大潮时 ,高潮位一般也降低。低潮位则有时降低 ,有时有所抬高。河口湾治导线实施后 ,涨潮最大流速、平均流速和落潮平均流速均有所减小 ,但落潮最大流速不减反增。涨、落潮潮量有不同程度的减少 ,其减幅与治导线的进占规模成正比。各站的高、低潮位发生时间都有前移趋势 ,治导线越往外推 ,潮时前移量就越大。本文对这些现象的成因进行了分析 ,并就潮位、潮流速及潮流量的变化对防洪水位和交通航运水深的影响作了阐述。 相似文献
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本文利用强氧化剂臭氧 O3 对空气中的冠状病毒进行杀灭试验。经不同臭氧浓度、湿度、温度处理灭活的冠状病毒于 1 0日龄鸡胚培养一代 ,进行对流免疫电泳试验检测。结果表明 ,臭氧浓度在高于 2 0 .3mg/ m3 ,作用时间超过 1 5 min时就可将病毒完全杀灭。湿度和温度对臭氧的杀毒效果也有显著影响 ,即湿度越大灭活效果越好 ,温度越高杀毒效果越明显 相似文献
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We make an attempt to study specific features of weather- and climate-forming processes developing due to the energy and mass
transfer between the ocean and the atmosphere in the North Atlantic, as well as responses of the climate of Ukraine to the
main climate-forming factors. These studies are based on a statistical model in the form of a system of third-order regression
equations with feedback. We deduce a system of generating functions that allow us to estimate the regression coefficients.
Within the developed model, we applied the factor analysis to compress the input information about the affecting factors in
the region where the weather ships were located. This allowed us to reveal the tendencies of variations in the characteristics
participating in the energy and mass transfer. The response of the climate in various regions of Ukraine to the processes
running in the North Atlantic was determined using the cluster analysis whose algorithm was developed by the authors. We performed
a number of experiments for various situations in the region of the North Atlantic that are possible due to the global warming
of the climate and studied the response of climatic characteristics on the territory of Ukraine under similar processes. The
adequacy of the developed model was verified on the basis of data on the real situation in February 2006. It is shown that
the model satisfactorily describes the responses of climatic characteristics in regions of Ukraine to variations of the affecting
factors in the North Atlantic. 相似文献
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胶州湾营养盐及富营养化特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据2003—2004年在胶州湾的调查资料,探讨了该湾营养盐及其富营养化状态。通过spss12.0统计分析营养盐和各理化因子之间的两两相关性,认为溶解无机氮、活性磷酸盐和活性硅酸盐之间有一定程度相似的生物地球化学过程,且外源性营养盐是其主要的来源。频数分析显示,胶州湾硅酸盐浓度控制了SiO3-Si/PO4-P和SiO3-Si/DIN的比例,此二者多数情况下小于其各自的化学计量平衡。冬季营养盐和叶绿素a的消长关系及浮游植物赤潮优势种数量变化分析说明,硅酸盐的含量对调查海域赤潮的发生发展和消退起着重要的控制作用。这些表明,SiO3-Si是胶州湾浮游植物生长的潜在限制因子,特别是冬季。利用Matlab建立了人工神经网络富营养化评价模型,结果认为带有SiO3-Si因子的评价结果更好地反映了胶州湾的富营养化状况。 相似文献
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天津市海洋经济中港口产业发展研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
作为海洋经济的重要组成部分,港口经济的发展为天津市海洋经济的跨越式发展提供了非常有利的契机。要尽快实现天津港口经济健康、有序、可持续的发展,为天津滨海新区的开发开放提供更强有力的支持,从而实现建设北方国际航运中心和国际物流中心的目标。综合近年来海洋统计的成果,以AHP法为分析方法,对天津港口经济的现状和发展趋势作探讨和研究,指出天津港口经济在未来发展中需要注意的问题,并提出初步解决方案。 相似文献
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细菌对海水中各形态氮的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海洋细菌生长过程中,不但能利用体系中的有机物质,而且也能利用无机营养盐。本论文通过小麦岛细菌接种实验发现,细菌大量繁殖时吸收利用体系中的营养物质,生成颗粒态氮(PN)和溶解有机氮(DON),体系中溶解无机氮(DIN)、总溶解氮(TDN)降低至最低值。进入细菌指数生长期和稳定期后,颗粒态和有机态氮不断降解向体系中释放出无机营养盐,DIN和TDN呈现回升趋势,颗粒氮(PN)与细菌数量变化正相关。体系中,初始氮源的量决定了细菌体内POC/PN的比值,氮源充足,细菌繁殖数量多,POC/PN值低,氮源不足,细菌数量相对较少,POC/PN比值高。 相似文献
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洋山港区堵汊工程对海底地形影响初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于洋山港海域内长系列ADCP断面走航及定点的水文观测资料进行统计分析,讨论洋山港区在Ⅰ—Ⅲ期工程影响下海域内潮动力的变化及其对海床冲淤的影响。结果表明,由于小洋山—镬盖塘、大乌龟—颗珠山及将军帽—大指头岛三个汊道的封堵及填海,在北岛链以小洋山岛为基础形成一长方形陆域,且在陆域南沿形成一长约5.7km的顺直岸线。工程后由于潮流运动的底、侧边界发生改变,流场随之发生变化,突显潮波运动的非线性效应和科氏力效应,在以潮动力为绝对主要的水动力自然环境下:北港区潮流速随着工程的进行先剧减后又回增;工程后海域在涨、落潮流转流时段形成潮流弱环流;主通道北侧涨潮流增强,南侧落潮流增强。海床冲淤环境也随之改变,北港区前沿水域海床发生微冲,主通道西南海床则淤积,海域内的-10m等深线也东西向呈现波状移动。 相似文献
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珠江口伶仃洋航道的回淤分析 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
通过实测资料的统计分析，结合珠江口伶仃洋的动力地貌条件，对该航道的泥沙回淤特征进行了多方面的论证，得出回淤主要发生在航道开挖段北部，洪季淤积占全年2／3以及航道增深后回淤并未成比例增加等研究结果，指出了该航道进一步开发的前景。 相似文献
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The currents in the central part of the Drake Passage are investigated by analyzing the CTD and SADCP data over the section
across the Drake Passage occupied in November 2010 and satellite altimetry data. All eight of the jets of the Antarctic Circumpolar
Current, which are currently identidifed, were resolved by the section. The velocities and water transports of these jets
are estimated. Three synoptic scale eddies with different vertical structures were revealed; hypotheses on the physical nature
of these eddies are discussed. 相似文献
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在油田勘探与开发中 ,充分认识古冲沟油气藏的勘探与开发是十分重要和有意义的。本文利用东营北部凸起带的地质、钻井、航磁和地震等资料 ,对古冲沟在地震剖面上的特征和古冲沟储层预测方法等进行了研究与探讨 相似文献
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利用已经过验证的高分辨率三维海洋动力模型FVCOM,根据1984—2014年内伶仃洋的围填海变化情况,结合情景模拟案例,研究分析围填海对伶仃洋水流动力的影响,探究截流式和顺流式围填海对伶仃洋不同季节的水平余流场、垂向环流结构以及潮汐变化过程的影响。研究结果表明,围填海对伶仃洋的余流流向没有明显影响,但对余流速有较大的影响。在水平方向上,截流式围填海使得周边海域的余流速明显增大,增幅在0.02～0.25 m/s不等,其中口门区域受到的影响最大;相较于底层流场,表层流场受围填海的影响相对更大,围填海以南的较远海域在表层出现一条强度逐渐减弱的流速减小带,减幅在0.02～0.15 m/s不等,且影响范围与流场的分布密切相关,在夏季向南延伸,在冬季向西南延伸。顺流式围填海的影响则主要分布在伶仃洋两侧沿岸,并且不同季节的影响特点有一定区别,在夏季使得内伶仃洋东岸海域流速增大,但在冬季使其流速减小,变化幅度均在0.02 m/s以上。在垂直方向上,围填海使口门区域余流的纵向流速梯度增加,并且改变了伶仃洋余流的垂向分布情况,总体表现为远离围填海的海域表、底层余流的流速减小,中上层余流的流速增大;与此同时,围填海大幅度改变了周边海域的横向流速,并且在伶仃水道、矾石水道等区域产生了新的横向环流。围填海使得河口至围填海的余水位明显上升,使得伶仃洋海域的余水位下降,余水位梯度的增大是围填海周边余流速增大的主要原因。另外,围填海影响了伶仃洋的潮汐变化过程。在大潮期间,围填海改变了伶仃洋海域涨落潮时的潮流流速,使得周边海域落急流速增加,较远海域落急流速减小,而涨急流速都减小;同时,围填海使得海域涨落潮时的潮位受到一定影响。围填海最终使得伶仃洋的潮汐相位提前了20～35 min。 相似文献
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采用实验生态学的方法,研究了3种多环芳烃-菲、芘和蒽对3种赤潮微藻-赤潮异弯藻、亚历山大藻和中肋骨条藻光合速率的影响。结果表明:较低浓度的菲、芘和蒽处理使3种赤潮微藻的光合速率有所提高,而较高浓度处理则降低了藻细胞的光合速率。3种多环芳烃-菲、芘和蒽胁迫对赤潮异弯藻光合速率的96h·EC50分别为0.089、0.110和0.124mg·L-1,对中肋骨条藻的96h半抑制剂量分别为0.103、0.127和0.138mg·L-1,对亚历山大藻的96h半抑制剂量分别为0.116、0.131和0.141mg·L-1,说明3种多环芳烃对赤潮微藻均表现出一定的毒性效应,其中菲的毒性作用最强。UV-B辐射(0.3J·m-2的辐射剂量)和多环芳烃的联合作用一方面增强了菲、芘和蒽对3种赤潮微藻光合效率的抑制作用,导致光合速率明显降低,另一方面在一定程度上改变了3种多环芳烃毒性作用的强弱,使芘的毒性作用变得最强。 相似文献
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利用第三代海浪数值模式(SWAN)系统研究了黄海海浪有效波高的天气时间尺度变化的时空分布特征和相关动力学过程。结果表明黄海海浪有效波高的天气变化强度(S_W)具有显著的时间变化特征和空间分布特征。其多年平均值在黄海的中东部存在由南向北延伸的高值区,同时向两侧近海区域逐渐减小。S_W在冬季最大,夏季最小。从11月到翌年5月,S_W月气候态平均值的空间分布与其年平均值的空间分布类似;从6月到同年10月,S_W的月气候态平均值在黄海与东海的分界处存在较强的由黄海到东海的空间梯度。进一步分析表明黄海海域的S_W以风浪占主,涌浪的贡献远小于风浪贡献。数值实验表明,黄海海浪有效波高的天气时间尺度变化主要是由大于天气变化周期的海面风强迫通过四波非线性相互作用产生的。 相似文献
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Experimental research on the marine hydrodynamic action on the consolidation process of the sediments in the Yellow River Estuary 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Based on the in-situ measurements,the impact of the marine hydrodynamics,such as wave and tide,in the rapidly deposited sediments consolidation process was studied.In the tide flat of Diaokou delta-lobe,one test pit was excavated.The seabed soils were dug and dehydrated,and then the powder of the soil was mixed with seawater to be fluid sediments.And an iron plate covered part of the test pit to cut off the effect of the marine hydrodynamics.By field-testing methods,like static cone penetration test (SPT) and vane shear test (VST),the variation of strength is measured as a function of time,and the marine hydrodynamics impact on the consolidation process of the sediments in the Yellow River estuary was studied.It is shown that the self-consolidated sediments’ strength linearly increases with the depth.In the consolidation process,in the initial,marine hydrodynamics play a decisive role,about 1.5 times as much as self-consolidated in raising the strength of the sea-bed soils,and with the extension of the depth the role of the hydrodynamics is reduced.In the continuation of the consolidation process,the trend of the surface sediments increased-strength gradually slows down under the water dynamics,while the sediments below are in opposite ways.As a result,the rapidly deposited silt presents a nonuniform consolidation state,and the crust gradually forms.The results have been referenced in studying the role of the hydrodynamics in the soil consolidation process. 相似文献
18.
以几何精校正后的1992年和2012年遥感(RS)影像为数据源,对渤海湾沿岸近20年海域开发活动进行了分类统计,并参照现有生态系统服务价值当量研究成果,对该海域生态系统服务价值变化进行了估算和分析。结果表明,近20年来对渤海湾沿岸的高强度开发导致海岸带生态系统服务价值损失较大,约为43.79亿元/年,其中,建设用地、裸露地、盐田和废物处置用地占用原来开阔环境水域和滩涂导致单位面积生态系统服务价值损失最大,损失的价值总量分别为40.63亿元/年、12.45亿元/年、1.23亿元/年和0.17亿元/年;天津市沿岸海域的生态系统服务价值损失了18.12亿元/年,占研究区域生态系统服务价值总损失量的41.38%。 相似文献
19.
港湾深槽骤淤的条件探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
深槽骤淤指深槽底部在特定条件下产生的快速淤积,通常以浮泥形式出现.综合分析杭州湾、三门湾和象山港的地形地貌、水文泥沙及深槽固定剖面风暴前后或大、小潮期间的地形变化得出港湾深槽产生骤淤的基本条件:(1)有丰富的细颗粒物质的供应源;(2)迅速衰减的动力条件;(3)存在明显的负地形.三个条件必须同时得到满足,深槽才能产生骤淤.杭州湾泥沙来源丰富,终年悬沙浓度高,东试挖槽附近受长江冲淡水次级锋面和钱塘江冲淡水锋面影响较大,因此在一个大小潮周期内水动力条件减弱时挖槽处可产生骤淤.三门湾泥沙来源较丰富,正常天气的年份内潮滩处于缓慢淤积状态,而深槽处于冲淤基本平衡状态,但在风暴等灾害性天气下发生强烈的滩、槽泥沙交换,若风暴后处于中小潮汛期则深槽发生骤淤.象山港由于环境隐蔽,水清沙少,沿岸潮滩狭窄,缺少骤淤的物源,即使风暴作用后鹰龙山深槽也没有产生骤淤. 相似文献
20.
A numerical study on the impact of tidal waves on the storm surge in the north of Liaodong Bay 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
KONG Xiangpeng 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(1):35-41
A storm surge is an abnormal sharp rise or fall in the seawater level produced by the strong wind and low pressure field of an approaching storm system.A storm tide is a water level rise or fall caused by the combined effect of the storm surge and an astronomical tide.The storm surge depends on many factors,such as the tracks of typhoon movement,the intensity of typhoon,the topography of sea area,the amplitude of tidal wave,the period during which the storm surge couples with the tidal wave.When coupling with different parts of a tidal wave,the storm surges caused by a typhoon vary widely.The variation of the storm surges is studied.An once-in-a-century storm surge was caused by Typhoon 7203 at Huludao Port in the north of the Liaodong Bay from July 26th to 27th,1972.The maximum storm surge is about 1.90 m.The wind field and pressure field used in numerical simulations in the research were derived from the historical data of the Typhoon 7203 from July 23rd to 28th,1972.DHI Mike21 is used as the software tools.The whole Bohai Sea is defined as the computational domain.The numerical simulation models are forced with sea levels at water boundaries,that is the tide along the Bohai Straits from July 18th to 29th（2012）.The tide wave and the storm tides caused by the wind field and pressure field mentioned above are calculated in the numerical simulations.The coupling processes of storm surges and tidal waves are simulated in the following way.The first simulation start date and time are 00：00 July 18th,2012; the second simulation start date and time are 03：00 July 18th,2012.There is a three-hour lag between the start date and time of the simulation and that of the former one,the last simulation start date and time are 00：00 July 25th,2012.All the simulations have a same duration of 5 days,which is same as the time length of typhoon data.With the first day and the second day simulation output,which is affected by the initial field,being ignored,only the 3rd to 5th day simulation results are used to study the rules of the storm surges in the north of the Liaodong Bay.In total,57 cases are calculated and analyzed,including the coupling effects between the storm surge and a tidal wave during different tidal durations and on different tidal levels.Based on the results of the 57 numerical examples,the following conclusions are obtained：For the same location,the maximum storm surges are determined by the primary vibration（the storm tide keeps rising quickly） duration and tidal duration.If the primary vibration duration is a part of the flood tidal duration,the maximum storm surge is lower（1.01,1.05 and 1.37 m at the Huludao Port,the Daling Estuary and the Liaohe Estuary respectively）.If the primary vibration duration is a part of the ebb tidal duration,the maximum storm surge is higher（1.92,2.05 and 2.80 m at the Huludao Port,the Daling Estuary and the Liaohe Estuary respectively）.In the mean time,the sea level restrains the growth of storm surges.The hour of the highest storm tide has a margin of error of plus or minus 80 min,comparing the high water hour of the astronomical tide,in the north of the Liaodong Bay. 相似文献