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1.
南海西北海盆的构造特征及南海新古生代的海底扩张 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
分析了南海西北海盆及其邻区的地形地貌,重磁场异常和地壳结构特征,并对穿过西北海盆和中央海盆的地震剖面进行精确解释。结果发现,西北海盆的地球物理场异常,地质构造和地壳厚度均呈ＮＥ走向展布,而中央海盆则表现为ＥＷ向特征,西北海盆中的新生代沉积比中央海盆多一套地层（Ｔ４－Ｔ８）,说明西北海盆的年龄比中央海盆老,联系到南海西南海盆和西北海盆在区域构造,地球物理场异常和地形地貌特征等方面的相似,以及西南海盆 相似文献
2.
南海海盆新生代的构造演化史 总被引：62，自引：6，他引：62
姚伯初 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1996,16(2):1-13
南海海盆地的地壳为洋壳，在新生代它经历了大西洋海底扩张的演化历史，海盆中有三个残留的海底扩张中心，并发生过两次海底扩张。第一次海底扩张发生在晚始新斩新世，扩张方向为北西－南东向，产生了南海西北海盆和西南海盆。 相似文献
3.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2017,(2)
为了确定中南—司令断裂带在南海海盆及其在南部陆缘的延伸位置,并探讨其与南海扩张的关系,本文利用重磁异常、地震、莫霍面深度、P波速度特征、钻井拖网资料,对中南—司令断裂带的延伸位置进行了综合地质和地球物理研究,厘定了中南—司令断裂带在东部次海盆与西南、西北次海盆之间呈NS向延伸,并南延至南海南部陆缘之上,深度上切割至莫霍面。根据南海海盆中磁异常条带走向的变化,及磁异常条带、走滑/转换断裂、扩张方向的印证关系,结合前人对古南海"剪刀状"碰撞闭合、南海扩张演化、构造应力场的研究,提出在32~25 Ma,伴随着南海东部次海盆的NNW向扩张,南海海盆及南沙地块整体发生顺时针旋转,使中南—司令断裂走向由形成初期的NNW向转变为N—S向;23.5 Ma之后,顺时针旋转停止,南海东部次海盆继续NNW向扩张,西南次海盆呈NW—SE向渐进式扩张。作为一条切穿地壳的深大断裂,中南—司令断裂与红河-越东断裂、马尼拉海沟断裂三条深大断裂一起组成区域"滑线场",制约南海海盆的扩张与南沙地块的南移。 相似文献
4.
南海西南海盆地震反射特征及其形成时代 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用横穿西南海盆的地震剖面，结合声纳浮标资料获得的海盆中沉积物及基底的速度结构，同时结合陆上的钻井分层，并与邻区的沉积盆地地层进行对比，在西南海盆中划分出T2、T3、T4、、T5、Tg5个反射界面。T5界面之下的沉积层对应的年龄约为27Ma，即西南海盆在早渐新世开始扩张；T4界面以上的沉积在海盆中基本呈披覆式沉积。因此，海盆信止扩张的年龄应该在16Ma左右，即西南海盆的扩张时段为早渐新世－中中新世，穿过中央海盆的地震剖面显示海盆中的沉积结构与西南海盆相似，由此推测这两个海盆的海底扩张时代相近，可能是同一次海底扩张的产物。 相似文献
5.
利用重磁计算解释南海海盆中部地壳结构特征 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
以南海海盆中部3个海盆的交汇处为研究区，通过对重磁异常场的向上延拓计算及对重力异常的重反演拟合计算，并结合地质资料，进行综合分析和解释来揭示此区域的地壳结构特征。结果表明研究区地壳结构复杂，三种性质的地壳均有分布。各海山形成过程和岩石组成及地壳结构不尽相同，区内有年轻的大洋玄武岩海山，也有包含了大陆玄武岩的“双性”海山。综合各种地质、地球物理现象，认为南海海盆可能是多种机制联合作用的结果，西南、西北两海盆的形成时间要早于中央海盆。 相似文献
6.
单向拉张与南海海盆的形成 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文概述了南海海盆形成机制的研究历史，介绍了单向拉张机制和南海海盆的形成演化，指出南海西北海盆，东部海盆和西南海盆是在统一拉张应力场下，经两次重要的单向拉张形成的。 相似文献
7.
南海中央海盆岩石圈厚度和地壳年代的初步分析 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
在洋中脊、停止活动的脊岭、深海的岩石圈断裂的裂缝和熄灭的海底火山等4种类型地区,建立3个岩石圈厚度和热传导模型.得到这些模型的解是相同的.求解得岩石圈内和软流圈顶层的温度分布公式、利用热流计算岩石圈厚度和地壳年龄公式;计算中央海盆的地壳年龄和岩石圈厚度;并列表和作出中央海盆岩石圈厚度和地壳年龄图.根据它们的特征,把中央海盆分成3个区,并分别讨论其岩石圈的厚度、地壳年龄和热流分布的特征;分析南海的形成和演化,指出南海经历过三幕海底扩张. 相似文献
8.
本文用四种方法计算了南海的岩石圈厚度,并建立了南海海盆的岩石圈均衡模型。在此基础上,分析了南海海盆的岩石圈结构特征:即从海盆中部向南、北两侧,层3厚度、地壳厚度和岩石圈厚度逐渐增大,与地壳年龄呈正向关系。这表明,南海海盆有如大洋(大西洋)一样的形成演化机制—由正常的裂谷和扩张过程发育而成。 相似文献
9.
南海海盆地形与NW向断裂 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
新的2'×2'卫星测高获得的水深数据表明,除了在南海中央海盆扩张脊附近分布有高耸、断续的近东西向海山链外,在南海深海平原上还存在一些北西向的连续线状凸起特征.这些线状特征高约500m,宽10-30km,绵延数百至近千公里.反射地震数据则显示,这些海底线状隆起实际上是宽50-100km的走滑断裂带,在该断裂带内还有一些低幅和隐伏褶皱,它们代表了海盆内部的压性走滑断裂带,反映了海盆扩张停止后台湾-吕宋岛弧向西的构造挤压应力对南海海盆的持续作用.其中一条穿过116°E的北北西向断裂带构成了中央海盆与西南海盆的边界断裂. 相似文献
10.
11.
构造地貌是指由新构造运动直接形成的一种动态的、积极活跃的地貌类型。南海南部海域新构造运动强烈，类型众多，它们是控制海底构造地貌形成和发育的主要内动力因素。根据地质地球物理资料，对该区区域构造沉降、海底扩张、断裂作用、褶皱作用和火山活动等新构造运动类型及其形成的构造地貌进行了分析。区域构造沉降形成规模较大的构造台地、深水阶地和陆坡盆地等；海底扩张形成西南海盆、中央海盆及其内部的众多构造地貌类型；断裂作用形成断层崖、断阶、海底谷、断块山、断陷盆地等；褶皱作用形成山地和挤压构造盆地；火山作用形成海山、海丘。 相似文献
12.
Based on the analysis of new data of a total of 60 000 km, the authors propose a new spreading model of the tectonic evolution of the South China Sea Basin and suggest that magnetic anomalies in the Basin are the magnetic anomalies of a new type in marginal basins, that the tectonic development of the Basin can be divided into three seafloor spreading phases and that the southward migration of spreading ridge is related to the asymmetric spreading. 相似文献
13.
Youngho Yoon Gwang H. Lee Sanghoon Han Dong G. Yoo Hyun C. Han Kyungsik Choi Keumsuk Lee 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2010
The petroleum system of the Kunsan Basin in the Northern South Yellow Sea Basin is not well known, compared to other continental rift basins in the Yellow Sea, despite its substantial hydrocarbon potential. Restoration of two depth-converted seismic profiles across the Central Subbasin in the southern Kunsan Basin shows that extension was interrupted by inversions in the Late Oligocene-Middle Miocene that created anticlinal structures. One-dimensional basin modeling of the IIH-1Xa well suggests that hydrocarbon expulsion in the northeastern margin of the depocenter of the Central Subbasin peaked in the Early Oligocene, predating the inversions. Hydrocarbon generation at the dummy well location in the depocenter of the subbasin began in the Late Paleocene. Most source rocks in the depocenter passed the main expulsion phase except for the shallowest source rocks. Hydrocarbons generated from the depocenter are likely to have migrated southward toward the anticlinal structure and faults away from the traps along the northern and northeastern margins of the depocenter because the basin-fill strata are dipping north. Faulting that continued during the rift phase (∼ Middle Miocene) of the subbasin probably acted as conduits for the escape of hydrocarbons. Thus, the anticlinal structure and associated faults to the south of the dummy well may trap hydrocarbons that have been charged from the shallow source rocks in the depocenter since the Middle Miocene. 相似文献
14.
The Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) of the central Pacific is one of the few regions in the world’s oceans that are still lacking full coverage of reliable identifications of seafloor spreading anomalies. This is mainly due to the geometry of the magnetic lineations’ strike direction sub-parallel to the Earth’s magnetic field vector near the equator resulting in low amplitude magnetic anomalies, and the remoteness of the region which has hindered systematic surveying in the past. Following recently granted research licenses for manganese nodules in the CCZ by the International Seabed Authority, new magnetic data acquired with modern instrumentation became available which combined with older underway data make the identification of seafloor spreading anomalies possible for large parts of the CCZ and adjacent areas. The spreading rates deduced from the seafloor spreading patterns show a sharp increase at the end of Chron 21 (47.5 Ma) which corresponds to the age of the bend in the Hawaii-Emperor seamount chain and an associated plate tectonic reorganisation in the Central Pacific. An accurate map of crustal ages for the central-eastern Pacific based on our anomaly picks may provide a basis for improved plate tectonic reconstructions of the region. 相似文献
15.
On the basis of bathymetric data and other geological and geophysical data obtained during the first survey conducted by Chinese Mainland in the area off eastern Taiwan Island from May to June in 2000, the morphological features of the region, the tectonic control to the seafloor topography and their tectonic implication are studied and discussed. The results have revealed that both the slope zone of the Ryukyu arc and the Ryukyu Trench present a typical morphotectonic characteristics controlled by the trench-arc system in the West Pacific Ocean. At the slope of eastern Taiwan Island the isobathic lines parallel to the coastline and distribute densely in nearly N-S direction and the slope gradient of topography is large. Such a unique feature is attributed to the collision of the Luzon arc and Eurasia continent. In the Huatung Basin, turbidity fans and submarine canyons are well developed, the formations of which are mainly related to the steep topography of the slope of the Luzon arc and the abundant s 相似文献
16.
台西南盆地的构造演化与油气藏组合分析 总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14
杜德莉 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1994,14(3):5-18
本文根据台西南盆地的地质、地球物理资料，对台西南盆地的地壳结构、基底特征、沉积厚度、断裂构造等基本地质构造特征＾［１］作了研究，探讨了台西南盆地的构造发展演化及及油气藏组合。认为该盆地的构造演化为幕式拉张。幕式拉张可分为三大张裂幕，相应的热沉降作用使盆地在不同的张裂幕时期发展为断陷，裂陷，裂拗－拗陷。它们分别与板块作用下的区域构造运动阶段相对应，说明区域构造运动不但控制了盆地的发展演化，同时也制约 相似文献
17.
西沙海槽海域地形地貌特征及成因 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用多波束测量资料绘制了详细的西沙海槽海域地形图、地貌图,并把研究区划分为3个地貌单元。其中陆坡斜坡位于北部,呈北东向延伸,地形较为简单,斜坡面单一平整,地貌类型单一,主要为堆积型斜坡;西沙海槽位于中部,呈北东东向延伸,地形起伏较大,主要由槽底平原和槽坡组成,且在槽坡上发育陡坎、冲刷沟谷、阶地等次一级地貌类型;西沙海台位于南部,呈近东西向展布,地形变化复杂,地貌类型众多,表现为海山、海丘、小台地、洼地等相间排列的波状起伏的地貌特征。地貌形成与演化主要受南海新生代两次海底扩张控制。第1次海底扩张期间,西沙海槽可能已开始发生张裂。第2次海底扩张期间,西沙海槽分3个阶段发生张裂断陷,而且其强弱在东西方向上差别巨大,致使形成了现今东深西浅、东窄西宽、槽壁陡峭的近东西向延伸的海槽地貌,奠定了研究区内地貌的基本轮廓。而地质构造、火山活动、海平面变化等内外营力的共同作用则控制次级地貌类型的形成与演化。 相似文献
18.
琼东南盆地古近纪沉积充填演化及其区域构造意义 总被引：21，自引：1，他引：21
琼东南盆地是发育于南海西北部的新生代张性断陷盆地。始新统和早渐新统崖城组属过充填型或平衡充填类型，在盆地各个断陷内均具有砂岩-泥岩-砂岩三重沉积充填结构；晚渐新统陵水组在北部坳陷带属过充填及平衡充填类型，发育砂岩-泥岩-砂岩三重沉积充填结构，而在中央坳陷带则属由砂岩-泥岩二重沉积充填结构组成的欠充填型。古近纪盆地的沉积充填结构演化反映了始新世-早渐新世断陷阶段与晚渐新世断拗阶段的盆地演化历史，其中，晚渐新世盆地断拗阶段的发育是南海海底单期扩张过程的结果。 相似文献
19.
The Ulleung Basin (Tsushima Basin) in the southwestern East Sea (Japan Sea) is floored by a crust whose affinity is not known whether oceanic or thinned continental. This ambiguity resulted in unconstrained mechanisms of basin evolution. The present work attempts to define the nature of the crust of the Ulleung Basin and its tectonic evolution using seismic wide-angle reflection and refraction data recorded on ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs). Although the thickness of (10 km) of the crust is greater than typical oceanic crust, tau-p analysis of OBS data and forward modeling by 2-D ray tracing suggest that it is oceanic in character: (1) the crust consists of laterally consistent upper and lower layers that are typical of oceanic layers 2 and 3 in seismic velocity and gradient distribution and (2) layer 2C, the transition between layer 2 and layer 3 in oceanic crust, is manifested by a continuous velocity increase from 5.7 to 6.3 km/s over the thickness interval of about 1 km between the upper and lower layers. Therefore it is not likely that the Ulleung Basin was formed by the crustal extension of the southwestern Japan Arc where crustal structure is typically continental. Instead, the thickness of the crust and its velocity structure suggest that the Ulleung Basin was formed by seafloor spreading in a region of hotter than normal mantle surrounding a distant mantle plume, not directly above the core of the plume. It seems that the mantle plume was located in northeast China. This suggestion is consistent with geochemical data that indicate the influence of a mantle plume on the production of volcanic rocks in and around the Ulleung Basin. Thus we propose that the opening models of the southwestern East Sea should incorporate seafloor spreading and the influence of a mantle plume rather than the extension of the crust of the Japan Arc. 相似文献
20.
The East Vietnam Boundary Fault Zone (EVBFZ) forms the seaward extension of the Red River Shear Zone and interacted with the extensional rift systems in basins along the Central Vietnamese continental margin. The structural outline of the central Vietnamese margin and the timing of deformation are therefore fundamental to understanding the development of the South China Sea and its relation to Indochinese escape tectonism and the India-Eurasia collision. This study investigates the structural and stratigraphic evolution of the Central Vietnamese margin in a regional tectonic perspective based on new 2-D seismic and well data. The basin fill is divided into five major Oligocene to Recent sequences separated by unconformities. Deposition and the formation of unconformities were closely linked with transtension, rifting, the opening of the South China Sea and Late Neogene uplift and denudation of the eastern flank of Indochina. The structural outline of the Central Vietnamese margin favors a hybrid tectonic model involving both escape and slab-pull tectonics. Paleogene left-lateral transtension over the NNW-striking EVBFZ, occurred within the Song Hong Basin and the Quang Ngai Graben and over the Da Nang Shelf/western Phu Khanh Basin, related to the escape of Indochina. East of the EVBFZ, Paleogene NE-striking rifting prevailed in the outer Phu Khanh Basin and the Hoang Sa Graben fitting best with a prevailing stress derived from a coeval slab-pull from a subducting proto-South China Sea beneath the southwest Borneo – Palawan region. Major rifting terminated near the end of the Oligocene. However, late stage rifting lasted to the Early Miocene when continental break-up and seafloor spreading commenced along the edge of the outer Phu Khanh Basin. The resulting transgression promoted Lower and Middle Miocene carbonate platform growth on the Da Nang Shelf and the Tri Ton High whereas deeper marine conditions prevailed in the central part of the basins. Partial drowning and platform retreat occurred after the Middle Miocene due to increased siliciclastic input from the Vietnamese mainland. As a result, siliciclastic, marine deposition prevailed offshore Central Vietnam during the Pliocene and Pleistocene. 相似文献