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1.
Recent sediment accumulation and origin of shelf mud deposits in the Yellow and East China Seas 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Modern (last 100 yr) accumulation rates of shelf mud deposits in the Yellow and East China Seas were investigated using the distribution of excess 210Pb (210Pbex) in sediment core samples. Compilation and merger of new and previously published data helped clarify sediment accumulation in these seas. The estimated accumulation rates, together with data of suspended sediment concentrations, provided findings on the sediment budget, origin, and transport pathway of the mud deposits. The overall accumulation distribution in the Yellow and East China Sea shelf revealed a general, cross-shelf decreasing trend along the sediment dispersal system away from the rivers, except for the South Sea (SSM) and southeastern Yellow Sea (SEYSM) mud patches found along the Korean coast. Notably, 210Pbex activity profiles within the SSM and the SEYSM yielded a relatively high accumulation rate of 2-5 mm/yr, implying a sedimentation rate of 4-15 × 107 tons per year in this coastal zone. Such an annual accumulation rate is about one order of magnitude greater than the total sediment discharge (6-20 × 106 tons/yr) from Korean rivers, suggesting an additional offshore source. The distribution pattern of the well-defined suspended plume clearly showed the possible transport and exchange of fine-grained sediments between the ECS shelf and the coastal area of Korea, especially during winter. Such a high accumulation in Korean coastal areas is attributable to the sediments supplied from the mud deposit of the ECS (i.e., SWCIM), with origins in Chinese rivers. Therefore, the Korean coastal area may be an important sink for some of Chinese river sediments being transported from the south by the Yellow Sea Warm Current. 相似文献
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东海陆架中北部沉积物粒度特征及其沉积环境 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
通过对东海陆架表层沉积物粒级组成、粒度参数、14C年龄和微体古生物组合的综合分析,绘制了东海陆架的沉积物类型分布图;运用Folk等(1970)沉积物分类方法将东海表层沉积物分成砂、粉砂、粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂、砂质泥5种类型,其中粉砂质砂分布最广,砂质泥分布最少;沉积物由陆向海粒度变粗,反映沉积过程中的物源和沉积动力控制作用。根据沉积环境及成因分析,可将东海陆架沉积分为3类:分别是长江口外席状砂沉积区、现代泥质沉积区和陆架中部砂质沉积区。长江口外砂质沉积是全新世冰消期晚期潮流作用及风暴潮流共同作用的产物,是高海平面以来太平洋潮波系统作用下的潮流沙沉积,沙波地貌仍在发生变化。现代泥质沉积区包括长江前三角洲沉积、浙闽沿岸流沉积和济州岛西南泥质沉积三个区域,不同沉积区的成因机制不同。陆架中部砂质沉积是末次冰盛期之后海侵作用下发育的砂质沉积物,在海侵的不同阶段中沉积物被冲刷改造,具有不等时性特征,沉积环境与现代陆架海洋环流的动力特征不一致,现代沉积作用较弱,仅接受悬浮体细粒沉积。 相似文献
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《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2001,48(3):811-832
Total hydrolysable amino acids (THAA), individual amino acid distributions, total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) were measured in sediments across the Goban Spur continental slope at water depths of 651, 1296 and 3650 m. Objectives were to examine (1) differences in organic matter (OM) degradation state in surface sediments across the slope from sedimentary amino acid compositions, and (2) whether these differences are related to particle size distributions. Application of a ‘reaction–diffusion’ model to the sediment concentration profiles showed that TOC and THAA degradation rate constants decreased with increasing water depth. Ratios of degradation rate constants of THAA over TOC indicated that THAA turn over faster than TOC at 651 and 1296 m water depth only. From estimates of degradation rate constants of individual amino acids, it was concluded that with increasing water depth fewer amino acids contribute to overall THAA degradation. The contribution of THAA to TOC mineralisation decreased from the upper to the lower slope. Since at all three sampling stations the amino acids with the highest relative contribution to THAA had a higher abundance in sediments with reduced THAA mineralisation rates, we conclude that the overall amino acid reactivity decreases with increasing water column depth. A principal component analyses, carried out on normalised amino acid mole percentages, established significant shifts in amino acid compositions and confirmed that (1) OM degradation state increased from 651 to 3650 m and (2) that OM in the finest fraction at the shallowest station appeared to be considerably less degraded than in the coarser fractions or any size fractions at the deeper stations. Therefore, we conclude that downslope transport, sorting and accumulation of fine particles with continuous mineralisation of OM attached to the particles during vertical and lateral transport results in an increasing organic matter degradation state from the upper slope to the abyssal plain. 相似文献
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环雷州半岛近海表层沉积物有机碳分布及其控制因素分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对环雷州半岛近海43个海底表层沉积物的总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)、沉积介质条件(包括沉积物粒度)进行了分析,探讨了沉积物TOC、TN的区域分布特征以及影响有机碳分布的主要因素。结果表明,环雷州半岛近海海域海底表层沉积物有机碳含量在0~0.79%之间,平均值为0.26%。与中国其它近海海域相比,环雷州半岛大部分近海区域海底表层沉积物有机碳含量明显偏低,为有机质贫乏区,仅雷州半岛西南部流沙湾近海海域为TOC相对高值区。总氮含量也不高,在0.011%到0.100%之间,TOC与TN存在较强的正相关性,且平面上TOC与TN分布高度重合,显示氮元素主要以有机化合物形式存在。TOC/TN比值在5.1~14.3之间,表明沉积有机质具有陆源输入和海洋自生来源的混合特征,但以雷州半岛西侧北部及东侧中部海域受陆源有机质输入影响更大。大多数站位海底沉积物粒度构成以粉砂为主、粘土次之,少数站位以砂质沉积为主。沉积物有机碳含量与粘土及粉砂含量呈弱正相关性,与沉积物pH值、Eh值及砂含量呈弱负相关性,这表明海底沉积物有机质丰度受有机质来源输入、海底氧化还原状态和沉积水动力条件(沉积物粒度)等因素综合控制。 相似文献
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To examine the source and preservation of organic matter in the shelf sediments of the East China Sea (ECS), we measured bulk
C/N and isotopes, organic biomarkers (n-alkanes and fatty acids) and compound-specific (fatty acids) stable carbon isotope ratios in three sediment cores collected
from two sites near the Changjiang Estuary and one in the ECS shelf. Contrasting chemical and isotopic compositions of organic
matter were observed between the estuarine and shelf sediments. The concentrations of total n-alkanes and fatty acids in the shelf surface sediments (0–2 cm) were 5–10 times higher than those in estuarine surface sediments
but they all decreased rapidly to comparable levels below the surface layer. The compositions of n-alkanes in the estuarine sediments were dominated by C26-C33 long-chain n-alkanes with a strong odd-to-even carbon number predominance. In contrast, the composition of n-alkanes in the shelf sediment was dominated by nC15 to nC22 compounds. Long-chain (>C20) fatty acids (terrestrial biomarkers) accounted for a significantly higher fraction in the estuarine sediments compared to
that in the shelf sediment, while short-chain (<C20) saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were more abundant in the shelf surface sediments than in the estuarine sediments.
Stable carbon isotopic ratios of individual fatty acids showed a general positive shift from estuarine to shelf sediments,
consistent with the variations in bulk δ
13CTOCTOC. These contrasts between the estuarine and shelf sediments indicate that terrestrial organic matter was mainly deposited
within the Changjiang Estuary and inner shelf of ECS. Post-depositional diagenetic processes in the surface sediments rapidly
altered the chemical compositions and control the preservation of organic matter in the region. 相似文献
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东海西北部陆架表层沉积物重矿物组合及其沉积环境指示 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了东海陆架360个表层沉积物的碎屑矿物和粒度组成,利用R型聚类方法提取稳定重矿物和重矿物分异指数作为矿物分布规律的指示因子;根据快速聚类结果将重矿物组成分为3个区:东海陆架海侵体系域晚期残留砂体区、高位体系域晚期长江水下前三角洲和浙闽沿岸流泥质沉积区、高位体系域扬子浅滩沉积区。结合粒度参数和特征矿物分布、沉积物14C年龄对各区沉积环境进行讨论,确定陆架残留沉积和改造沉积的成因、长江水下三角洲和浙闽沿岸流泥质区的范围,以及对应不同海侵层序的矿物分异特征和物质"源-汇"关系。聚类分析虽能够指示同一物源碎屑矿物分布与沉积动力关系,但物源不同,聚类结果可能误导沉积环境分析。扬子浅滩表层砂体是在距今6~4和3~2 ka 的两个潮流沉积发育期形成的多期改造沙波沉积。 相似文献
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Hitomi Yamaguchi Naoto Hirade Miho Kayama Kazuhiko Ichimi Kuninao Tada 《Journal of Oceanography》2014,70(4):355-366
Phytoplankton abundance in the surface waters of Harima Nada, eastern Seto Inland Sea of Japan, decreased after around the late 1970s following a reduction of terrestrial phosphorous inputs, and relatively low levels persisted thereafter. This symptom of de-eutrophication in recent decades might have reduced organic matter storage in surficial sediments. To test this possibility, we examined total organic carbon (TOC) and nitrogen (TN) contents of Harima Nada sediments in 2011, and compared the results to past data from more eutrophic states. In 2011, the TOC and TN varied horizontally within the basin, in relation to physicochemical properties (water and mud content) and phytoplankton remnants (pheo-pigments) of the sediments. These horizontal patterns were fundamentally similar to those of the early 1980s (1982–1983), although discrepancies between the periods were observed in some areas. Differences of mean TOC and TN in the 0–2 cm layer at 63 stations from 1982–1983 to 2011 were consequently <10 %. Hence, the recent de-eutrophication in Harima Nada was associated with little overall change of TOC and TN storage in the sediment. In Harima Nada, changes in water clarity and particle size composition of the sediment seem to have occurred during recent decades. The aforementioned paradoxical phenomenon may therefore be explained by factors that are affected by these environmental changes. Such factors include the ratio of export flux to the seafloor to phytoplankton production, phytoplankton biomass and production in the entire euphotic zone, and accumulation rate of surface sediment. 相似文献
9.
根据2015年5月对长江口及其邻近海域的生态环境调查资料, 探讨长江口春季表层沉积物总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和生源硅(BSi)4类生源要素的空间分布和来源。结果表明: 2015年春季长江口表层沉积物TOC、TN、TP和BSi平均含量分别为0.315%、0.041%、0.066%和0.450%, 其中, 沉积物中TOC、TN受到陆源输入和海洋自生输入双重影响, 且海洋自生组分的贡献较大, 二者空间分布均呈现南部分布最高并沿西北方向递减趋势; TP分布主要受陆源输入影响, 并呈西北向东南递减趋势; BSi来源于生物沉积, 总体呈现南部高、北部低的分布趋势。与2007年相比, 长江口表层沉积物有机碳、氮含量降低, 东南外海区域替代浑浊区域成为表层沉积物生源要素含量最高区域, 且陆源输入对长江口表层沉积物生源要素的贡献趋于减弱。 相似文献
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The effect of a submarine canyon on the river sediment dispersal and inner shelf sediment movements in southern Taiwan 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This study examines the influence of a submarine canyon on the dispersal of sediments discharged by a nearby river and on the sediment movement on the inner shelf. The study area includes the head region of the Kao-ping Submarine Canyon whose landward terminus is located approximately 1 km seaward from the mouth of the Kao-ping River in southern Taiwan. Within the study area 143 surficial sediment samples were taken from the seafloor. Six hydrographic surveys along the axis of the submarine canyon were also conducted over the span of 1 yr. Three different approaches were used in the analysis of grain-size distribution pattern. They include (1) a combination of ‘filtering’ and the empirical orthogonal (eigen) function (EOF) analysis technique, (2) the McLaren Model, and (3) the ‘transport vector’ technique. The results of the three methods not only agree with one another, they also complement one another. This study reveals that the Kao-ping Submarine Canyon is relatively a stratified and statically stable environment. The hydrographic characteristics of the canyon display seasonal variability controlled primarily by the temperature field and the effluent of the Kao-ping River. The hydrographic condition and the bottom topography in the canyon suggest the propagation of internal tides during the flood season (summer) of the Kao-ping River. The submarine canyon acts as a trap and conduit for mud exchange between the Kao-ping River and offshore. Near the head of the canyon there is a region of sediment transport convergence. This region is also characterized by high mud abundance on the seafloor that coincides with the presence of high suspended sediment concentration (SSC) spots in the bottom nepheloid layer. Outside the submarine canyon on the shelf where the evidence of wave reworking is strong, the northwestward alongshore transport dominates over the southeastward transport, which is a common theme on the west coast in southern Taiwan. 相似文献