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1.
夏季外海水入侵对大亚湾浮游植物群落结构的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
杨熙  谭烨辉 《海洋科学》2019,43(7):96-105
夏季大亚湾存在由粤东沿岸上升流所引起的外海水入侵现象,且入侵强度存在年际差异,作者利用大亚湾2004~2017年历年夏季航次调查数据,将弱入侵年份与强入侵年份进行对比分析,以探讨外海水入侵对大亚湾浮游植物群落结构的影响。结果显示,当外海水入侵由弱变强时,湾内水体理化特征发现显著变化,水体由高温低盐转变为低温高盐,N、P等营养盐含量出现下降。海水理化性质的改变导致了浮游植物群落结构的变化,硅藻、甲藻种类数以及浮游植物Shannon-wiener指数均出现升高;浮游植物总丰度和硅藻丰度下降,甲藻丰度变化不明显;常见浮游植物种类伪菱形藻属(Pseudo-nitzschiasp.)、角毛藻属(Chaetocerossp.)和叉角藻(Ceratiumfurca)丰度出现下降,而中肋骨条藻(Skeletonemacostatum)和菱形海线藻(Thalassionemanitzschioides)丰度出现升高;优势种由单一硅藻种类向硅藻和甲藻共为优势转变。此外,外海水入侵还会通过改变海水理化因子的空间分布以及湾内上层水体流向来影响浮游植物群落结构的空间分布。  相似文献   

2.
The concentration and composition of nutrients, such as N, P, and Si, respond to biogeochemical processes and in turn, impact the phytoplanktons’ community structure and primary production. In this study, historical data was systematically analyzed to identify long-term variations in nutrient trends, red tide frequency, phytoplankton community abundance, and dominant species succession in the southern Yellow Sea(SYS). Results showed that N/P concentration ratios dramatically increased as a funct...  相似文献   

3.
浮游植物群落结构的时空变化对生物地球化学循环、全球气候及渔业资源具有重要的影响。本文采用ROMS-CoSiNE高分辨率数值模拟结果,分析了渤海浮游植物生物量和群落结构的时空分布特征,讨论了浮游植物群落结构时空差异的主要影响因素。结果表明,渤海表层叶绿素浓度和甲硅藻比在冬季最低、夏季最高。叶绿素浓度呈条带状分布,甲硅藻比呈斑块状分布。冬季、春季和秋季浮游植物群落结构均以硅藻占绝对优势,夏季以硅藻和甲藻共同占优。不同因素对浮游植物群落结构的影响具有时空差异性。在辽东湾、渤海湾、莱州湾和渤海中部,各个季节浮游植物群落结构差异分别受磷酸盐、氮磷比、硅氮比、溶解无机氮的影响最大。在冬季、夏季和秋季,各个区域浮游植物群落结构差异均受溶解无机氮的影响最大,在春季则受硅氮比的影响最大。总体上,营养盐浓度及结构是浮游植物群落结构时空差异的主要影响因子。  相似文献   

4.
热带东印度洋春季浮游植物群落结构空间特征分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
基于2013年3月至5月采集的热带东印度洋海域(10.0°S~4.0°N, 83.0°~97.5°E)浮游植物水样样品,分析了其种类组成、优势类群、细胞丰度等群落特征参数,综合比较了水平和垂向上浮游植物种类及丰度的差异性,初步探讨了其成因。结果表明:2013年春季热带东印度洋微型浮游植物共鉴定出306种,主要由硅藻、甲藻、金藻、蓝藻、裸藻和隐藻六大门类组成,其优势类群主要以粒径较小的隐藻、微型甲藻、菱形藻、环沟藻等为主。水平分布上,各水层浮游植物细胞丰度分布趋势相似,但斑块特征明显,其高值区位于88°E断面赤道以南次表层水域(30 m、75 m),局部区域细胞丰度值可达104 cells/L以上;与其毗邻的东南部、东部水域为低值区,并向赤道延伸。垂直剖面上,硅藻和甲藻广泛分布在各取样深度,但分布特征有明显的空间差异和规律,0 m、30 m大部分站位硅藻种类比例在0.2~0.3甚至更低,甲藻在0.7~0.8,随着水层加深(75 m、100 m、150 m、300 m),硅藻种类占比上升到0.5~0.6,甲藻降低到0.4~0.5,无论硅藻还是甲藻种类数75 m层最丰富。30 m和75 m水层细胞丰度明显高于其他水层。甲藻是热带东印度洋微型浮游植物种类和细胞丰度的重要贡献者,低生物量海域表现的更为明显,贡献率大于80%。该研究将极大丰富东印度洋浮游植物群落空间特征基础信息较匮乏的现状,为量化、评估该海域的生物资源提供数据支撑。  相似文献   

5.
2013年4月,2014年5月,2012年6月和2015年10月在印度尼西亚北部苏拉维斯蓝碧海峡(Lembeh Strait)进行了4个航次的海洋生态调查,研究了蓝碧海峡的浮游植物种类组成,以及浮游植物群落结构的季节变化及其驱动因子。四个航次的调查中记录了5类浮游植物和416个种(类)。调查区浮游植物密度平均为2348cells/L,硅藻和甲藻种类最多。蓝藻种类最少,但丰度很高。季风转换期的4月份和10月份浮游植物丰度总量较低,东南季风期间5月份和6月份的浮游植物丰度较高。除了束毛藻(Trichodesmium)之外,常见种是浮游硅藻。浮游植物的丰度和多样性的季节性变化明显。海链藻(Thalassionema)、拟菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia)和蓝藻类的束毛藻对群落的不相似性贡献最大。由于蓝碧海峡南部营养盐浓度较高,南部水域的硅藻和甲藻密度稍高于海峡北部。虽然,南北两个水体中蓝藻的分布趋于均匀,但蓝碧海峡南部也有较高密度。与雅加达湾以及中国的一些海湾相比,蓝碧海峡的浮游植物丰度相当低。分析表明,SE季风期间上升流营养盐是左右浮游植物丰度月变化的重要因素。蓝碧海峡浮游生态系原始,且接近天然本底,人类活动背景噪声低,能够清晰地响应大环境的变化,是研究浮游生态系统的理想区域。  相似文献   

6.
We report the first application of a biogeochemical model in which the major elemental composition of the phytoplankton is flexible, and responds to changing light and nutrient conditions. The model includes two phytoplankton groups: diatoms and non-siliceous picoplankton. Both fix C in accordance with photosynthesis-irradiance relationships used in other models and take up NO3 and NH4+ (and Si(OH)4 for diatoms) following Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The model allows for light dependence of photosynthesis and NO3 uptake, and for the observed near-total light independence of NH4+ uptake and Si(OH)4 uptake. It tracks the resulting C/N ratios of both phytoplankton groups and Si/N ratio of diatoms, and permits uptake of C, N and Si to proceed independently of one another when those ratios are close to those of nutrient-replete phytoplankton. When the C/N or Si/N ratio of either phytoplankton group indicates that its growth is limited by N, Si or light, uptake of non-limiting elements is controlled by the content of the limiting element in accordance with the cell-quota formulation of Droop (J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K 54 (1974) 825).We applied this model to the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site in the western Sargasso Sea. The model was tuned to produce vertical profiles and time courses of [NO3], [NH4+] and [Si(OH)4] that are consistent with the data, by adjusting the kinetic parameters for N and Si uptake and the rate of nitrification. The model then reproduces the observed time courses of chlorophyll-a, particulate organic carbon and nitrogen, biogenic silica, primary productivity, biogenic silica production and POC export with no further tuning. Simulated C/N and Si/N ratios of the phytoplankton indicate that N is the main growth-limiting nutrient throughout the thermally stratified period and that [Si(OH)4], although always limiting to the rate of Si uptake by diatoms, seldom limits their growth rate. The model requires significant nitrification in the upper 200 m to yield realistic time courses and vertical profiles of [NH4+] and [NO3], suggesting that NO3 is not supplied to the upper water column entirely by physical processes. A nitrification-corrected f-ratio (fNC), calculated for the upper 200 m as: (NO3 uptake—nitrification)/(NO3 uptake+NH4+ uptake) has annual values ranging from only 0.05–0.09, implying that 90–95% of the N taken up annually by phytoplankton is supplied by biological regeneration (including nitrification) in the upper 200 m. Reported discrepancies between estimates of organic C export based on seasonal chemical changes and POC export measured at the BATS site can be almost completely resolved if there is significant regeneration of NO3 via organic-matter decomposition in the upper 200 m.  相似文献   

7.
The dynamics of phytoplankton abundance with seasonal variation in physicochemical conditions were investigated monthly at 10 stations around the Chagwi-do off the west coast of Jeju Island, Korea, including inshore, middle shore, and offshore in the marine ranching area from September 2004 to November 2005. Water temperature varied from 12.1 to 28.9°C (average 18.8°C), and salinity from 28.9 to 34.9 psu (average 33.7 psu). The chlorophyll a concentration was 0.02-2.05 μg L1 (average 0.70 μg L1), and the maximum concentration occurred in the bottom layer in April. A total of 294 phytoplankton species belonging to 10 families was identified: 182 Bacillariophyceae, 52 Dinophyceae, 9 Chlorophyceae, 12 Cryptophyceae, 6 Chrysophyceae, 4 Dictyophyceae, 13 Euglenophyceae, 6 Prymnesiophyceae, 5 Prasinophyceae, and 5 Raphidophyceae. The standing crop was 2.21-48.69x104 cells L1 (average 9.23x 104 cells L1), and the maximum occurred in the bottom layer in April. Diatoms were most abundant throughout the year, followed by dinoflagellates and phytoflagellates. A phytoplankton bloom occurred twice: once in spring, peaking in April, and once in autumn, peaking in November. The spring bloom was represented by fourChaetoceros species andSkeletonema costatum; each contributed 10–20% of the total phytoplankton abundance. The autumn bloom comprised dinoflagellates, diatoms, and phytoflagellates, of which dinoflagellates were predominant.Gymnodinium conicum, Prorocentrum micans, andP. triestinum each contributed over 10% of the total phytoplankton abundance.  相似文献   

8.
渤海春季营养盐限制的现场实验   总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22  
邹立  张经 《海洋与湖沼》2001,32(6):672-678
1999年4-5月,在现场条件下对天然水体中浮游植物以外加营养盐受控培养的方式,研究和探讨春季渤海中部、莱州湾和渤海海峡3个海区的浮游植物生长的营养盐限制问题。结果表明,在莱州湾附近浮游植物生长受到显著的磷限制;尽管水体中硅酸盐浓度较历史水平大大降低,并且实验进行时硅藻为优势种,但是硅酸盐尚不成为限制因子;渤海中部不存在营养盐的限制问题,营养盐浓度和结构相对适宜;渤海海峡也不存在营养盐的限制问题,但是溶解无机氮的相对含量略低。  相似文献   

9.
长江口及邻近海区营养盐结构与限制   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
通过研究长江口及邻近海域溶解无机氮(DIN=NO3-+NO2-+NH4+)、磷酸盐(PO43-)、硅酸盐(SiO32-)所表征的营养盐区域结构特征及影响因素,在分析营养盐绝对限制情况的基础上,划分了潜在相对营养限制区域。结果表明,123°E以西近岸表层区域DIN/P比值全年均高于16,而Si/DIN除秋季外基本小于1,显示出长江冲淡水影响下"过量氮"的特征。春夏季河口锋面区(31°~32.5°N,122.5°~124°E)硅藻的大量生长可使DIN/P异常升高和Si/DIN异常降低。秋季研究区域北部DIN/P西低东高且Si/DIN西高东低是由于在高DIN、低PO43-的长江冲淡水影响下,近岸受相对低DIN、高SiO32-的苏北沿岸流南下入侵影响而被分割而成。冬季长江口门东北部存在的高DIN/P和低Si/DIN区则主要由于寡营养盐的黑潮水深入陆架,向东北输送的部分长江冲淡水和增强的苏北沿岸流共同作用造成DIN升高所致。利用Redfield比值进行了不同站位表层潜在相对营养限制情况的区分。近岸123°E以西受高DIN、SiO32-长江冲淡水影响,四季多呈现PO43-潜在相对限制,而在春夏季由于浮游植物的大量吸收PO43-,造成局部PO43-绝对限制及潜在相对限制。春夏季氮限(DIN潜在相对限制)一般发生在外海部分站位,但较为零散。秋季除了东南外海大部分站位外,受苏北沿岸流影响在长江口北部近岸也存在氮限。随着低DIN/P的黑潮表层水(KSW)的入侵加强,冬季外海氮限站位增多。硅限(SiO32-潜在相对限制)在夏季发生在赤潮高发区,而冬季南部存在较多硅限站位表明KSW中SiO32-相对较为缺乏。  相似文献   

10.
本文分析了1999?2017年大亚湾夏季浮游植物群落结构的长期变化及其与环境因子的关系,结果显示,大亚湾海域海水温度呈显著下降趋势,盐度呈显著上升趋势;溶解无机氮浓度出现较大幅度提升,2008?2017年间大亚湾溶解无机氮浓度平均值比1999?2007年提升了72.73%;大亚湾浮游植物种类数变化趋势不明显,主要优势种没有发生明显变化,柔弱伪菱形藻(Pseudonitzschia delicatissima)为区域第一优势种,其次为中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum);浮游植物总丰度、硅藻丰度、甲藻丰度以及主要种类中的柔弱伪菱形藻、中肋骨条藻和叉角藻(Ceratium furca)丰度均呈现显著上升趋势;浮游植物生物多样性指数(H′)和均匀度(J)均呈下降趋势。人类活动所引起的溶解无机氮浓度大幅升高以及外海水入侵加强所引起的海水温度降低和盐度上升导致了浮游植物丰度的上升、优势种的单一化和生物多样性指数的下降。  相似文献   

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