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1.
本文对黄河南部小黄鱼繁殖群体进行了常规生物学测定。研究分析了体长组成和体重组成、体长和体重关系、性比的变化、怀卵量及性腺的发育情况。总样品中的性比组成为雌:雄=1:2.7,且雄鱼比例逐月上升;测算其怀卵量在2686-34704粒之间,平均怀卵量为9518粒;性成熟系数3月中旬为116‰,5月下旬只有33‰;绝对繁殖力(F)与体重(W)的关系式为:F=549.37W-4861.79(R=0.917)。  相似文献   

2.
为掌握舟山渔场及周边水域小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)的繁殖特性,文章根据2020年和2021年3—5月在舟山渔场及邻近海域进行的拖网和流刺网渔获样品,分析了小黄鱼繁殖群体特征,及其繁殖力与生长指标的关系,并对繁殖力变化做了比较分析。结果表明:2020—2021年小黄鱼群体体长范围为107~200 mm,优势体长组为130~170 mm,平均体长143.98±16.78 mm;体重范围为18.4~108.3 g,优势体重组为30~70 g,平均体重46.78±16.54 g;绝对繁殖力7 944~31 077粒,平均15 545±6 019粒;体长相对繁殖力范围为53~182粒/mm,平均为98±31.29粒/mm;体重相对繁殖力范围为126~433粒/g,平均为258±60.91粒/g;卵径范围为0.41~2.77 mm,平均为1.01±0.36 mm。研究表明,绝对繁殖力与体长呈幂函数相关,与体重和纯重呈线性相关。  相似文献   

3.
根据2011年海州湾及邻近海域的底拖网调查资料,对大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)的群体结构、体长-体重关系、生长、死亡和资源利用状况进行初步研究。结果表明:大泷六线鱼渔获群体体长范围为44~292mm,优势体长组为54~74mm,平均体长为88mm;体重范围为0.35~574.3g,优势体重组为10g,平均体重为17.94g;体长-体重关系为W=4.23×10-6 L3.31(R2=0.978 6,n=1 514)。应用FiSATⅡ软件中的ELEFANⅠ方法估算的von Bertalanffy生长方程参数L∞、K和t0分别为328mm、0.36a-1和-0.43a;应用FiSAT软件中变换体长渔获曲线法求得总死亡系数Z为2.06,自然死亡系数M和捕捞死亡系数F分别为0.62和1.44,开发率E为0.70。Beverton-Holt单位补充量渔获量模型分析表明,在现行捕捞死亡系数F=1.44、YW/R取最大值时对应的开捕年龄为1.83a。现阶段大泷六线鱼资源已处于过度开发状态,考虑拐点年龄、临界年龄、繁殖和经济效益等综合因素,建议将海州湾大泷六线鱼最适开捕规格定为体长191mm。  相似文献   

4.
东海北部和黄海南部小黄鱼年龄与生长的研究   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
采用2002年11月~2003年10月在东海北部、黄海南部(31°N~34°N,126°E以西)所获取的小黄鱼渔获样品,合计采集1 064尾,通过每月对小黄鱼鳞片生长轮的观察和基础生物学测定,研究了小黄鱼的年龄和生长,并对渔业生物学状况进行了动态分析。结果表明:东海北部、黄海南部小黄鱼的体长范围在75~220mm,平均体长为135.42mm;年龄组成为当龄鱼~4龄鱼,共5个年龄序列,并以当龄鱼和1龄鱼为主,占81.39%,1~4轮组的年轮形成时间为2~6月;体长与体重的关系雌雄间无明显差异;Von Bertalanffy生长参数在性别方面无显著性差异,雌雄合并估算的L∞=233.23mm,K=0.29/a,t0=-1.4a。分析和比较了东海北部、黄海南部小黄鱼的渔业生物学历史状况,目前小黄鱼较以往任何年代渔获个体小型化、低龄化现象明显;小黄鱼个体生长速度较20世纪80年代变慢,低年龄段的个体生长速度较20世纪90年代加快,生长参数随资源状况的变化而发生了较大变化。  相似文献   

5.
对2005—2006年采集于鄱阳湖的169尾蒙古鲐年龄与生长进行了研究。鄱阳湖蒙古鲐样本,年龄范围0^+~5,以2~3龄为主,优势体长在200—300mm(53.25%).体重分布集中在100~300g(55.03%)。结果表明:体长与鳞长呈直线相关;体长和体重呈幂函数关系;属匀速生长,用vori Bertalanffy方程描述其生长式型。生长拐点年龄为6.24龄,对应体长为395.53mm,体重为852.90g。了解鄱阳湖蒙古鲐的生长规律,为鄱阳湖蒙古鲐资源的合理配置与利用提供依据。  相似文献   

6.
东海区底拖网渔业主要经济鱼类渔业生物学的初步研究   总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23  
根据1997~2000年东海区底拖网渔业资源调查资料,分析了18种主要经济鱼类的渔业生物学特征,运用体长频率法估算了von Bertalanffy生长参数、总死亡系数、自然死亡系数、捕捞死亡系数和开发率。结果表明,大部分鱼类已出现个体小型化,15种鱼类的开发率过高,处于超额开发状态,其中,4种为重度超额开发,开发率大于0.8,7种为中度超额开发,开发率介于0.7~0.8之间,4种为轻度超额开发,开发率为0.5~0.7。建议加强保护和管理,以利于鱼类资源的可持续利用。  相似文献   

7.
通过分析2006年5月和2013年5月在黄海南部吕泗渔场近岸调查采集的792和247尾小黄鱼标本,对小黄鱼产卵群体的生物学特征进行初步研究。研究显示:2006年小黄鱼产卵群体体长范围为136~249mm,纯体重范围为17.48~107.11g,年龄组成I~II龄,I龄占55%。绝对繁殖力F变动于2 006~34 509粒,平均(14 193±1 131)粒/尾;体重相对繁殖力FW变动于30~635粒/g,平均(252±23)粒/g。绝对繁殖力与纯体重的关系为F=248.36 W+177.18,与体长的关系为F=0.053×L2.321 4。2013年小黄鱼产卵群体体长范围为132~204mm,纯体重范围为29.95~102.40g,年龄组成I~II龄,I龄占82%。绝对繁殖力F变动于5 586~21 688粒,平均(11 069±946)粒/尾;体重相对繁殖力FW变动于171~331粒/g,平均(235±19)粒/g。绝对繁殖力与纯体重的关系为F=178.70 W+2 504.1,与体长的关系为F=0.010×L2.746 9。与历史记录比较,发现其繁殖力水平有减小的趋势。  相似文献   

8.
珠江口水域鳓鱼生长和死亡参数估算   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
根据1996—1998年期间在珠江口及邻近海域采集的鳓鱼(Ilisha elongata Bennett)生物学资料,应用FiSATⅡ软件进行鳓鱼的生长和死亡参数估算。用ELEFANI技术拟合的von Bertalanffy生长方程参数分别为L∞=53.13cm(叉长)、κ=0.37a^-1及t∞=-0.62a,用Pauly经验公式计算的自然死亡系数为M=0.74,以长度变换渔获曲线法估算的总死亡系数为Z=2.53。运用Beverton-Holt模型分析该群体的最适捕捞死亡系数为F=2.5,最适开捕年龄和叉长分别为1.6龄和29.8cm,目前该群体已处于捕捞过度状态,尤其以捕捞幼鱼的问题较为突出。建议南海北部鳓鱼的最小可捕规格应为叉长30cm。  相似文献   

9.
台湾海峡南部金线鱼的生长与死亡特性   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以2001和2002年在台湾海峡南部底拖网渔获物采集的金线鱼样品,进行渔获群体结构、生长和死亡的研究.结果表明,2001和2002年金线鱼渔获群体叉长范围86-282mm,优势组191-220mm,平均210.3mm.体重范围10-375g,优势组131-200g,平均170.9g.年龄范围O-4龄,优势组1龄,平均1.05龄.生长参数L∞为373.4 mm,W∞为967.6g,生长速率k为0.2769,t0为-1.0784(理论叉长为零时的年龄),体重牛长拐点t,为2.864 4龄.总死亡系数为1.684 4,自然死亡系数为0.665 6,捕捞死亡系数为1.018 8,开发比率高达0.604 8.最小可捕叉长为177.64 mm,最小町捕体重为103.36g.该渔场自1994年以来连续13年超过了估算的最大可持续渔获量和最大可持续捕捞力量,必须严格控制该海区渔业的投入和产出量及开捕规格.  相似文献   

10.
为持续利用皮氏叫姑鱼(Johnius belangerii)资源,采用单船底拖网调查方法,于2015年5月至2016年2月4个季度季度从厦门海域6个站点采集皮氏叫姑鱼样本,研究皮氏叫姑鱼的生长、死亡、性比、繁殖习性和摄食强度等生物学特性。结果表明:厦门海域皮氏叫姑鱼群体体长分布范围为9~201 mm,平均106 mm,优势体长为80~120 mm,体重分布范围为1.2~166.3 g,平均30.5 g,优势体重为0~35 g。体长与体重的关系式为W=1×10~(-5)L~(3.0791),体长生长方程为L_t=220.5[1-e~(-0.56(t+0.61))],体重生长方程为W_t=165.38[1-e~(-0.56(t+0.61))]~(3.0791)。皮氏叫姑鱼的总死亡系数、自然死亡系数和捕捞死亡系数分别为2.25、0.63、1.62,开发率为0.72。雌雄比为1.14∶1,性成熟以Ⅱ期为主,性成熟个体春季最多。摄食强度以1级和2级为主,冬季摄食强度最强。结果说明厦门海域皮氏叫姑鱼资源已处于过度开发状态,应控制捕捞力度,根据皮氏叫姑鱼的繁殖习性建议加强繁殖群体和幼鱼群体的保护。  相似文献   

11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ~200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ~380 km from the coast at a depth of ~250 m above the sea level.  相似文献   

12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability.  相似文献   

13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic regime of the sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

14.
双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺的检测方法初步研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究的目的是探索一种检测双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺含量的方法。以栉孔扇贝(Chlamysfarreri)和长牡蛎(Crassostreagigas)为实验对象,研究了取样、抗氧化剂、氧化铝用量以及Tris缓冲液用量等对实验结果的影响。结果表明,高效液相色谱电化学检测器法(HPLC-ECD)可以灵敏高效地对双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺进行定性、定量检测。实验表明,取样时间最长不超过1.5min;还原性谷胱甘肽作抗氧化剂效果较好;前处理各试剂与血样量的最适配比为血样量1.5mL,Tris缓冲液(1.5mol/L,pH8.6)1mL和氧化铝25mg;水洗后离心并尽可能吸干氧化铝中的水分。去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素和多巴胺的回收率分别为53%~69%、47%~73%和48%~56%。  相似文献   

15.
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the shelf zone and open sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

16.
The authors have previously determined that the effectiveness and failure pattern of the ice cover caused by flexural-gravity waves generated by a submerged body motion near the bottom ice can greatly depend on the depth of the water area. In its turn, the presence of a ledge on the ice surface may affect a wave propagation pattern. This paper presents an experimental study of the bottom contour influence on the deflection and length of flexural-gravity waves. The authors describe a numerical model for the analysis of the deformed state of ice caused by hydrodynamic loads due to a submarine motion, taking into account the bottom contour. The experiments are carried out in the ice tank. The results of calculations and experiments are compared.  相似文献   

17.
为研究黄河入海径流变化条件下河口附近海域盐度扩散特征,以更好地保护河口海域生物资源多样性,本文以黄河下游利津水文站的长序列实测径流数据资料为基础,利用近海水动力模型FVCOM,分析径流变化对黄河口海域盐度的影响规律。结果表明:黄河口与莱州湾之间存在顺时针的环流系统,在余流作用以及涨落潮方向的影响下,黄河冲淡水长期向莱州湾扩散;丰水期黄河冲淡水几乎影响了整个莱州湾,27盐度锋可以到达莱州湾中部,27等盐线的表层包络面积为2 665.61 km2,占莱州湾的1/4左右,枯水期低盐度水只有向南扩散的趋势,27以下的低盐度水集中分布在黄河口门附近,27等盐线的表层包络面积只有199.65 km2;5月份,随着入海径流量增加,27等盐线扩散的范围、距离、方向都会发生明显变化。在对近海生物资源有迫切保护需求的情景下,适当减少其他用水户供水量以增加入海生态径流量,可以有效改善黄河口海域附近的盐度情况,为生物资源的生长繁殖创造良好条件。  相似文献   

18.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area.  相似文献   

19.
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption (fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem, which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge, water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.). Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

20.
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state.  相似文献   

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