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本文根据南海中部海区17个样品的~(14)C年龄测定结果,叙述了深海沉积物的~(14)C测年方法和步骤;同时对南海中部深海沉积物中生物碳酸盐中的无机碳和有机碳所测定的~(14)C年龄差别进行了讨论。认为南海中部深海沉积物中的无机碳~(14)C年龄偏老于有机碳的~(14)C年龄,但偏老程度不大。认为有机碳的~(14)C年龄是可靠的。 相似文献
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本文通过巴士海峡和菲律宾海沟两侧表层海水~(14)C 含量水平的测量,详细地介绍了海水~(14)C 含量测量的取样、制样流程、测量方法,并提供所获结果:测区高纬度海域表层海水~(14)C 含量水平略高于现代碳标准;低纬度海域表海水~(14)C 含量低于现代碳标准,是深层海水上涌与表层水混合的结果。从而说明海水的~(14)C 含量测量不仅有年代学意义,而且是海洋监测及海洋水文学研究的重要核素之一。文章还指出进一步开展菲律宾海沟中-南段海域表层、深层海水~(14)C 浓度变化梯度研究的必要性。 相似文献
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泥炭样品^14C年龄可靠性初步研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
本文通过对泥炭中分离出的碱不溶物、胡敏酸、富里酸等有机组分样品及未经组分分离的泥炭原样的~(14)C年龄测定,探讨了泥炭样品~(14)C年龄可靠性问题。初步认为:低灰分、低分解的泥炭,同一层位的各组分样品的~(14)C年龄,具有较明显的一致性,低灰分泥炭碱不溶物的~(14)C年龄,大多偏老于其它组分,表明其年龄是可靠的,但高灰分泥炭的碱不溶物,其年龄往往偏年轻,而胡敏酸组分的年龄则具有相对的可靠性;富里酸是最年轻的不稳定的组分,其~(14)C年龄明显年轻而不可靠,是现代碳污染的主要来源。 相似文献
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稀释技术^14C测年可靠性的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
稀释技术~(14)C测年的关键在于本底气的稳定,稀释技术测定的最大年限取决于样品的含碳量。同一样品无机碳部分和有机碳部分的对比实验和不同测年方法的对比实验,都证明稀释技术测定的~(14)C年龄不但复现性好而且可靠。 相似文献
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~(14)C断代的误差,是一个十分重要的问题。就手段本身来说,~(14)C断代法已是一种成熟的方法。但是,由一些因素造成的误差却影响着~(14)C断代成果的应用,甚至引起人们对方法本身的价值产生怀疑。因此,讨论有关~(14)C断代的误差问题,自然就成为~(14)C断代工作者与使用这些资料的人们最为关心的问题之 相似文献
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本文通过生物、粒度、重矿物、微量元素和~(14)C测年等分析,研究上更新统上段暗绿色硬土层的沉积特征和成因。根据孢粉组合和~(14)C测年资料确定该硬土层为玉木冰期末期产物。从硬土层的分布广、厚度小、底面倾斜等特点和生物、粒度、重矿物等特征分析,属河漫滩洼地沉积或河漫滩型湖沼沉积。上海东部地下30m以内有一层硬土层(Q_3~3);上海西部有两层硬土层,第一硬土层属全新统,第二硬土层属上更新统上段。 相似文献
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浙江沿岸晚第四纪地层中的有孔虫及海面变化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文通过对浙江沿岸浅水区5个钻孔岩芯的底栖有孔虫分析,并结合~(14)C、孢粉和浅地层等分析资料,主要讨论该地区晚更新世末期40000年以来的沉积环境、海侵层厚度和海面变化过程等问题。 相似文献
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并矢相关谱分析方法在非线性资料分析中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文利用到率并矢相关谱估计方法,对青岛月平均气温（1896年1月—1992年12月）足赤道局部地区日表层水温（0°±0．5°S,165°±0．5°E;1986年12月6日—1991年11月16日）进行了谱分析,结果表明：青岛气温除具有1年周期的主频振荡和二倍峰频处0．5年周期二阶非线性耦合效应外,还隐含有2年周期的低频耦合振荡及0．4年周期的高频耦合振荡;赤道局部地区日表层水温含有90天,63天,50天,40天和29天等几个主要的低频周期振荡。 相似文献
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Sampling effort required to recover the main gradients in marine benthic species composition 
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下载免费PDF全文 Marine benthic surveys and monitoring programs may have several goals. When the aim of such studies is to reveal and describe gradients in species composition, the gain in ecological insight achieved by the study depends on how well the spatial variability of species’ occurrence and abundance within the study area is covered by the sampling design. The common practice in such programs is to collect four or five grab samples from each visited site to capture the site's species composition. The rationale for this practice is based on the aim of capturing a large proportion of species at a specific site (i.e. point). We argue that this practice has been established without taking Iterative approaches into account, such as decreasing the sampling effort at each site and instead increase the number of sites visited. The collection and processing of data from marine sediment ecosystems are time‐consuming and, thus, expensive. Therefore, finding the optimal trade‐off between the number of sites visited and the number of samples per site is important. We examined this trade‐off by exploring how reduction of sampling effort per site affects the stability and recovery of gradients in species composition of marine benthic macrofauna. Our full data set consisted of four grab samples from each of 28 sites from the inner part of the Oslofjord, SE Norway. Procrustes analysis and calculation of Kendall's rank correlation coefficients showed that the main gradient in species composition extracted by detrended correspondence analysis of data sets with reduced per‐site sampling effort closely resembled the main gradient extracted for the full data set. Our results therefore suggest that marine benthic surveys that aim to identify the main gradient structure of species composition and relate this structure to main environmental complex gradients are likely to benefit from reducing the sampling effort at each site and, instead, increasing the number of visited sites. We argue that coverage of both the variation in species composition and the environment in the study area will then be improved. Monitoring programs with other aims than to identify the main gradients in species composition may also benefit from the adoption of a many‐sites, one‐sample sampling strategy. This may be particularly true if additional sampled sites are based on a stratified sampling strategy that ensures that the spatial variability in the study area is accounted for. 相似文献
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Air temperature is a key index reflecting climate change. Air temperature extremes are very important because they strongly influence the natural environment and societal activities. The Arctic air temperature extremes north of 60°N are investigated in the winter. Daily data from 238 stations at north of 60°N from the global summary of the day for the period 1979–2015 are used to study the trends of cold days, cold nights, warm days and warm nights during the wintertime. The results show a decreasing trend of cold days and nights(rate of –0.2 to –0.3 d/a) and an increasing trend of warm days and nights(rate of +0.2 to +0.3 d/a) in the Arctic. The mean temperature increases,which contributes to the increasing(decreasing) occurrence of warm(cold) days and nights. On the other hand,the variance at most stations decreased, leading to a reduced number of cold events. A positive AO(Arctic Oscillation) index leads to an increased(decreased) number of warm(cold) days and nights over northern Europe and western Russia and an increased(decreased) number of cold(warm) days and nights over the Bering Strait and Greenland. The lower extent of Arctic autumn sea ice leads to a decreased number of cold days and nights.The occurrences of abrupt changes are detected using the Mann-Kendall method for cold nights occurring in Canada in 1998 and for warm nights occurring in northwestern Eurasia in 1988. This abrupt change mainly resulted from the mean warming induced by south winds and an increased North Atlantic sea surface temperature. 相似文献
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采用3种多元分析方法,对来源于美国的4个凡纳滨对虾种群的13个形态比例参数进行比较研究.聚类分析结果表明,Kona Bay种群与Molokai种群形态差异很小,而SIS种群、OI种群趋异程度逐渐增加.判别分析结果显示,4种群的13个形态比例参数有着极显著的差异(P>0.01);4个种群雌虾的判别准确率P1为61.76%-97.14%,判别准确率P2为62.03%-96.43%,综合判别率为80.25%;4个种群雄虾的判别准确率P1为75.76%-97.06%,判别准确率P2分别为67.57%-97.06%,综合判别率为80.71%,各种群的判别函数判别准确率均较高;主成分分析,构建的雌体的5个主成分方差贡献率分别为,主成分1:23.594%,主成分2:19.534%,主成分3:15.748%,主成分4:13.653%,主成分5:8.653%.累积贡献率为81.182%.而在构建的雄体的5个主成分中,方差贡献率分别为主成分1:22.095%,主成分2:19.270%,主成分3:15.430%,主成分4:15.245%,主成分5:7.885%.累积贡献率为79.925%.综上所述,Kona Bay种群与Molokai种群应是同一种群,与SIS种群亲缘关系较为接近,SIS种群和OI种群为独立的种群. 相似文献
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The occurrence of gas hydrate has been inferred from the presence of Bottom-Simulating Reflectors (BSRs) along the western
continental margin of India. In this paper, we assess the spatial and vertical distribution of gas hydrates by analyzing the
interval velocities and Amplitude Versus Offset (AVO) responses obtained from multi-channel seismics (MCSs). The hydrate cements
the grains of the host sediment, thereby increasing its velocity, whereas the free gas below the base of hydrate stability
zone decreases the interval velocity. Conventionally, velocities are obtained from the semblance analysis on the Common Mid-Point
(CMP) gathers. Here, we used wave-equation datuming to remove the effect of the water column before the velocity analysis.
We show that the interval velocities obtained in this fashion are more stable than those computed from the conventional semblance
analysis. The initial velocity model thus obtained is updated using the tomographic velocity analysis to account for lateral
heterogeneity. The resultant interval velocity model shows large lateral velocity variations in the hydrate layer and some
low velocity zones associated with free gas at the location of structural traps. The reflection from the base of the gas layer
is also visible in the stacked seismic data. Vertical variation in hydrate distribution is assessed by analyzing the AVO response
at selected locations. AVO analysis is carried out after applying true amplitude processing. The average amplitudes of BSRs
are almost constant with offset, suggesting a fluid expulsion model for hydrate formation. In such a model, the hydrate concentrations
are gradational with maxima occurring at the base of hydrate stability zone. 相似文献
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高明君 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(2)
根据基因在异源多倍体染色体组间的变异，提出通过缺对一四体和双端体的酶谱分析，无需在不同品种间杂交，即可将同工酶结构基因定位在特定的染色体臂上。还提出，由于等位基因在双体和三体间的变异．通过三体酶谱分析，也能有效地进行同工酶基因定位。 相似文献
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In this paper, an approximate closed-form solution is presented to compute the moisture-related buckling of symmetric angle-ply laminates. The environment corresponds to a steady state condition, which provides a uniform moisture distribution for the laminate. The laminate consists of four layers [θ/−θ]s constructed of low, moderate and high stiffness ratio materials. Comparative results using the Rayleigh–Ritz method provides a means of assessing the accuracy of the expression. For certain laminate architectures, several modes must be computed to ascertain the lowest buckling mode, and once identified, provides an excellent approximation for the mode computed using the Rayleigh–Ritz method. 相似文献
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自20世纪80年代以来,我国出台了众多海洋捕捞相关政策,厘清这些政策变迁规律对海洋捕捞业的健康发展具有重要意义。本文对1986年以来我国海洋捕捞业的政策文本展开量化分析,构建政策时间维度、政策工具维度、政策价值维度三维政策文本分析框架,梳理当前捕捞业政策变迁和结构特征,并深入分析了捕捞业政策与现实的匹配性。研究发现,海洋捕捞业的部分政策目标之间存在一定的冲突和矛盾;政策工具体系全面,但不同政策工具数量分布不均衡;早期政策的经济价值取向突出,社会、生态价值相对不足,需要适时调整政策价值取向。未来应明确政策目标,推动海洋捕捞管理范式由投入控制向产出控制的转变;优化政策工具组合,引导渔民自觉养护海洋渔业资源,提高海洋捕捞业政策的有效性;整合政策价值取向,协调产业发展、资源养护和渔民利益的关系,推动海洋捕捞可持续发展。 相似文献