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1.
北冰洋西部表层沉积物中生源组分及其古海洋学意义   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
通过对中国首次和第二次北极科学考察在北冰洋西部所采取的66个表层沉积物中生源组分的分析,探讨了该海区表层生产力变化与水团的相互关系。楚科奇海西南部呈现出高的有机碳和生源蛋白石含量,而中部和东部哈罗德浅滩至阿拉斯加沿岸,以及楚科奇海台、北风脊和加拿大海盆表现出低的有机碳和生源蛋白石含量。楚科奇海陆架区表层沉积物以底栖有孔虫为主,丰度低;而楚科奇海台、北风脊和加拿大海盆则以浮游有孔虫占绝对优势,丰度较高。生源组分的分布特征显然与通过白令海峡进入楚科奇海的三股太平洋水和大西洋次表层水相关。楚科奇海西侧沿富营养的阿纳德尔流方向的区域呈现出高的表层生产力。而东侧受寡营养的阿拉斯加沿岸流及阿拉斯加西北沿岸陆源物质输入的影响,呈现出低的表层生产力。北纬75°以北及加拿大海盆受海冰覆盖影响,也表现出最低的表层生产力。而受北大西洋次表层水的影响,楚科奇海陆架外侧高纬海域表现出较高的钙质生物生产力。表层沉积物中Corg/N比值及其分布反映楚科奇海表层沉积物中的有机碳以海洋自身来源为主,且主要受生物泵过程控制。有机碳和生源蛋白石含量呈现高的正相关关系,说明硅藻等浮游植物的初级生产力可能控制着生物泵对碳的吸收和释放。  相似文献   

2.
白令海和楚科奇海表层沉积中的有孔虫及其沉积环境   总被引:5,自引:3,他引:5  
通过对白令海和北冰洋楚科奇海39个表层沉积样品中有孔虫的定量分析,发现表层沉积中浮游有孔虫稀少可能与该区表层生产力低、碳酸盐溶解作用较强有关,而底栖有孔虫的分布则主要受表层初级生产力以及与水深相关的碳酸盐溶解作用和水团性质所控制,其中北冰洋楚科奇海陆架区有孔虫以Elphidium spp.组合和Nonionella robusta组合为主,丰度和分异度低,受北冰洋沿岸水团控制;白令海陆坡区有孔虫以Uvigerina peregrina-Globobulimina affinis组合为主,含N.robusta较多,丰度和分异度相对高,受太平洋中层和深层水团控制,但该区碳酸盐溶跃层和补偿深度(CCD)相对浅,约分别位于2000和3800m处.此外,白令海陆坡上部表层沉积中含有北冰洋陆坡区典型深水底栖有孔虫种Stetsonia arctica,说明白令海峡两侧的海区曾有深部水交流.  相似文献   

3.
楚科奇海与白令海表层沉积中的钙质和硅质微体化石研究   总被引:13,自引:4,他引:13  
通过对北冰洋楚科奇海和令海41个表层沉积样品中的有孔虫、介形类等钙质微体化石和硅藻、放射虫、海绵骨针等硅质微体化石的定量分析,发现表层沉积中浮游有孔虫几乎缺失,这可能与该区表层生产力相对低、碳酸盐溶解作用较强有关,而底栖有孔虫和硅质微体化石的丰度分布则明显受表层沉积物类型、表层初级生物生产力和碳酸盐溶解作用所控制。其中,北冰洋楚科奇海陆架区有孔虫丰度和分异度低,含少量浅水介形类,放射虫在陆架浅水区缺失,但含有较多硅藻和海绵骨针等其它硅质微体化石,反映该区由于海冰、表层海水温度较冷而导致表歧初级生产力相对低。白令海陆坡区底栖有孔虫丰度比较科奇海高一个数量级,底栖有孔虫分异度也相对高,硅藻、放射虫、海绵骨针等硅质微体化石的丰度与钙质化石一样,其丰度比楚科奇海明显高,反映表层初级生产力相对高。根据白令海陆坡区底栖有孔虫和硅质微体化石丰度、底栖有孔虫胶结质壳比值的水深变化,推测该区碳酸盐溶跃层和补偿深度(CCD)相对浅,分别位于水深2000m和3800m处。  相似文献   

4.
通过分析采集自北风脊的ARC3-P37岩心中有孔虫组合和浮游有孔虫氧碳同位素的变化,旨在反映深海氧同位素(MIS)5期以来西北冰洋水团和洋流系统对气候变化的响应。ARC3-P37中有孔虫丰度的大量增加可能反映了北太平洋水向西北冰洋的输入。有孔虫组合中浮游有孔虫Neogloboquadrina pachyderma(sin.)(Nps)占90%以上。底栖有孔虫组合以深水种Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi和Oridorsalis umbonatus为主,反映了主要受北极深层水和底层水影响的沉积环境,冷期大西洋水种Cassidulina neoteretis的出现反映了中层水下沉。Nps-δ13 C总体来说在暖期较重,反映较高生产力和海汽交换。而Nps-δ18 O受其生活习性迁移、水温变化、盐跃层深度变化、融冰作用的影响复杂多变,总体在冷期偏重,反映海冰环境,但在受融冰影响阶段反映为轻值。在MIS3期褐色层B2b之上,MIS1和MIS3期的Nps-δ18 O受到海水变暖和融冰水影响偏轻;而在B2b及其下部,暖期Nps-δ18 O偏重可能反映了盐跃层变浅和Nps生活习性向深部迁移。  相似文献   

5.
张光涛  孙松 《海洋学报》2011,33(2):146-156
根据西北冰洋43个调查站位的浮游动物种类组成和数量资料,分析了浮游动物的群落结构和地理分布特征,探讨了浮游动物群落与环境因子的关系.结果表明,在调查区域存在三种不同的浮游动物群落类型:楚科奇海台和加拿大海盆地区的高纬度深海群落;楚科奇海中部的陆架群落;阿拉斯加沿岸和楚科奇海北部的沿岸过渡群落.深海群落浮游动物数量较少,...  相似文献   

6.
对珠江口外CJ14区块250个站位的表层沉积物进行底栖有孔虫分析,共发现底栖有孔虫118种,其中玻璃壳质80种,瓷质壳质21种,胶结壳质17种。有孔虫丰度基本随水深变深而增大。为研究底栖有孔虫分布与沉积环境之间的关系,对底栖有孔虫含量进行Q型因子分析,并选取前4个主因子,分别对应4个有孔虫组合。它们总共解释了总方差的86.2%,基本上反映了沉积物中有孔虫的群落结构。研究表明,水深和盐度是影响珠江口表层沉积物中有孔虫组合分布的控制因素,其他影响因素主要包括沉积物类型、水动力条件和沉积速率。水动力条件主要影响有孔虫的含量;沉积速率主要影响有孔虫的丰度。  相似文献   

7.
选取赤道西太平洋ODP 807站位(3°36.42′N,156°37.49′E,水深2 803.8m,岩心长822.9m)26.27~43.02mbsf层段中的底栖有孔虫进行研究,以便了解早更新世2.5~1.6Ma BP时期古生产力和深水环流的变化。结果显示,这一时期底栖有孔虫堆积速率(BFAR)、表生种和内生种比值(E/I)、Uvigerina spp.百分含量和有机碳百分含量(TOC%)等替代指标反映了西太平洋古生产力总体上呈现冰期高、间冰期低的特点,而其中Bulimina alazanensis的丰度变化则相反,反映了该种有可能更适合温暖、低营养的底层水环境。2.5~1.6 MaBP时期底栖有孔虫在丰度上以Uvigerina spp.为主,指示了早更新世西太平洋深层水受北部水团的控制更强。  相似文献   

8.
对杭州湾海域239个表层沉积物样品进行了有孔虫鉴定分析,共鉴定出底栖有孔虫71种,浮游有孔虫6种。研究结果表明杭州湾表层沉积物中有孔虫丰度值偏低,最高丰度仅41枚/克干样,且以底栖有孔虫占绝对优势,浮游有孔虫很少;杭州湾表层沉积物中的有孔虫以异地搬运沉积为主,主要以广盐广适的属种和小个体的海相属种为优势种,如Ammonia beccarii,Ammonia annectens,Quinqueloculia lamarckiana,Elphidium advenum,Spiroloculina communis,Pararotalia nipponica,Poroeponides lateralis等;并根据属种分布特征划分了两个底栖有孔虫组合分区。  相似文献   

9.
对1999年6月采自冲绳海槽北部的62个表层沉积物样品进行了底栖有孔虫分析。研究表明,该区属种多为中外陆架和上部陆坡常见底栖有孔虫,其中Cibicides pseudoungerianus在研究区域内广泛分布。底栖有孔虫群落明显受研究区水团的制约,该区底栖有孔虫Q型因子分析反映的4个组合分别对应不同的水团影响:组合1以Cibicides pseudoungerianus、Uvigerina sp.、Ammonia ketienziensis、Textularia pseudocarinata为主,代表陆架混合水团影响环境;组合2以Uvigerina peregrina、Beregrina、Bulimina mexicana、Bulimina submarginata、Globocassidulina subglobosa为主,代表黑潮暖流中层水影响下的环境;组合3以喜营养分子Bulimina marginata和Bolivina robusta为主,代表冷涡沉积和上升流沉积区的环境;组合4以Cibicides pseudoungerianus、Globocassidulina subglobosa为主,代表了对马暖流水团影响下的环境,其中水团的氧含量水平和营养状况是影响底栖有孔虫组合变化的主要因素。底栖有孔虫的丰度从西往东依次出现两个丰度高值带,一个位于研究区西部100—140m水深的陆架区,另一个位于400—600m水深的上陆坡,后者可能反映了冲绳海槽大陆坡普遍发育的陆坡上升流现象。  相似文献   

10.
波罗的海和卡特加特海峡水体的有孔虫标志适合于底栖有孔虫生活的北大西洋咸水周期性地通过丹麦海峡进入波罗的海。随着往东北方向远离海峡,有孔虫的数量和种类逐渐减少。在现代波罗的海生活着12至38种底栖有孔虫,其中大部分为凝集种。随着北大西洋海水进入波罗的海...  相似文献   

11.
Based on a quantitative analysis of foraminifera in 39 surface samples of the Bering andChukchi Seas, the nearly absence of planktonic foraminifera in the surface sediments can be related to the low surface primary productivity and strong carbonate dissolution in the study area. It has been revealed that the surface primary productivity, and carbonate dissolution and properties of water masses related to the water depth mainly control the distribution of benthic foraminifera. The shelf of the Chukchi Sea is dominated by the Elphidium spp. assemblage and Nonionella robusta assemblage with low foraminiferal abundance and diversity, which is controlled by the coastal water mass of the Arctic Ocean. The slope of the Bering Sea is dominated by the Uvigerina peregrina - Globobulimina affinis assemblage with abundant N. robusta, and relatively high foraminiferal abundance and diversity, which is controlled by the intermediate and deep water masses of the Pacific Ocean. However, the Bering Sea has relatively sha  相似文献   

12.
Benthic foraminiferal analysis of 29 samples in surface sediments from the southern Okinawa Trough is carried out. The results indicate that benthic foraminiferal abundance decreases rapidly with increasing water depth. Percentage frequencies of agglutinated foraminifera further confirm the modern shallow carbonate lysocline in the southern Okinawa Trough. From continental shelf edge to the bottom of Okinawa Trough, benthic foraminiferal fauna in the surface sediments can be divided into 5 assemblages: (1) Continental shelf break assemblage, dominated by Cibicides pseudoungerianus, corresponds to subsurface water mass of the Kuroshio Current; (2) upper continental slope assemblage, dominated by Cassidulina carinata , Globocassidulina subglobosa, corresponds to intermediate water mass of the Kuroshio Current; (3) intermediate continental slope assemblage, dominated by Uvigerina hispi-da, corresponds to the Okinawa Trough deep water mass above the carbonate lysocline; (4) lower continental slope- trough b  相似文献   

13.
Benthic foraminiferal analysis of 29 samples in surface sediments from the southern Okinawa Trough is carried out.The results indicate that benthic foraminiferal abundance decreases rapidly with increasing water depth.Percentage frequencies of agglutinated foraminifera further confirm the modern shallow carbonate lysocline in the southern Okinawa Trough.From continental shelf edge to the bottom of Okinawa Trough,benthic foraminiferal fauna in the surface sediments can be divided into 5 assemblages:(1) Continental shelf break assemblage,dominated by Cibicides pseudoungerianus,corresponds to subsurface water mass of the Kuroshio Current;(2) upper continental slope assemblage,dominated by Cassidulina carinata,Globocassidulina subglobosa,corresponds to intermediate water mass of the Kuroshio Current;(3) intermediate continental slope assemblage,dominated by Uvigerina hispida,corresponds to the Okinawa Trough deep water mass above the carbonate lysocline.  相似文献   

14.
本文依托2008年夏季中国第三次北极科学考察航次,对西北冰洋海盆区和楚科奇海陆架营养盐及光合色素进行了测定和分析。根据海水理化性质将研究海区分为5个区,并使用CHEMTAX软件(Mackery et al.,1996)讨论了西北冰洋不同海区浮游植物群落组成结构及其与环境因子之间的关系。结果显示在楚科奇海陆架区,太平洋入流显著影响浮游植物生物量和群落结构。高营养盐Anadyr水团以及白令陆架水控制海域,表现出高Chl a且浮游植物以硅藻为主,相反,低营养盐如阿拉斯加沿岸流控制海域,Chl a生物量低且以微型,微微型浮游植物为主。在外陆架海区,海冰覆盖情况影响着水团的物理特征及营养盐浓度水平,相应地显著影响浮游植物群落结构。在海冰覆盖区域,硅藻生物量站到总Chl a生物量的75%以上;在靠近门捷列夫深海平原海区,受相对高盐的冰融水影响(MW-HS),营养盐浓度和Chl a浓度相对海冰覆盖区略高,浮游植物结构中微型、微微型藻类比重增加,硅藻比例则降至33%;南加拿大海盆无冰海区(IfB),表层水盐度最淡,营养盐浓度最低,相应地显示出低Chl a生物量,表明海冰消退,开阔大洋持续时间延长,将导致低生物量及激发更小型浮游植物的生长,并不有利于有机碳向深海的有效输出。  相似文献   

15.
The depth distributions of the radiolarian fauna in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, marginal seas of the western Arctic Ocean, were examined quantitatively in depth-stratified plankton tows from 4 or 5 intervals above 500 m and in surface sediments from various depths between 163 and 2907 m. The radiolarian assemblage from the water column in September 2000 was dominated by Amphimelissa setosa and followed by the Actinomma boreale/leptoderma group, Pseudodictyophimus gracilipes and Spongotrochus glacialis. These species are related to the Arctic Surface Water shallower than 150 m. This assemblage is similar to that in the Greenland Sea relating to the ice edge, but did not contain typical Pacific radiolarians in spite of the flow of water of Pacific origin in this region. The living depth of Ceratocyrtis historicosa was restricted to the relatively warm water between 300 and 500 m corresponding to the upper Arctic Intermediate Water (AIW) originating from the Atlantic Ocean. Radiolarian assemblages in the surface sediments are similar to those in the plankton tows, except for common Cycladophora davisiana in sediment samples below 500 m. C. davisiana is probably a deep-water species adapted to the lower AIW or the Canadian Basin Deep Water ventilated from the shelves.  相似文献   

16.
The warming of the Arctic Intermediate Water (AIW) is studied based on the analyses of hydrographic observations in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean during 1985-2006. It is shown that how the anomalously warm AIW spreads in the Canada Basin during the observation time through the analysis of the AIW temperature spatial distribution in different periods. The results indicate that by 2006, the entire Canada Basin has almost been covered by the warming AIW. In order to study interannual variability of the AIW in the Canada Basin, the Canada Basin is divided into five regions according to the bottom topography. From the interannual variation of AIW temperature in each region, it is shown that a cooling period follows after the warming event in upstream regions. At the Chukchi Abyssal Plain and Chukchi Plateau, upstream of the Arctic Circumpolar Boundary Current (ACBC) in the Canada Basin, the AIW temperature reached maximum and then started to fall respectively in 2000 and 2002. However, the AIW in the Canada Abyssal Plain and Beaufort Sea continues to warm monotonically until the year 2006. Furthermore, it is revealed that there is convergence of the AIW depth in the five different regions of the Canada Basin when the AIW warming occurs during observation time. The difference of AIW depth between the five regions of the Canada Basin is getting smaller and smaller, all approaching 410 m in recent years. The results show that depth convergence is related to the variation of AIW potential density in the Canada Basin.  相似文献   

17.
西北冰洋表层沉积物黏土矿物分布特征及物质来源   总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2  
西北冰洋表层沉积物黏土矿物分析结果显示其黏土矿物组成的区域分布和变化具有明显的规律性:从楚科奇海到北冰洋深水区,随着水深的增加,蒙皂石和高岭石含量增高,绿泥石和伊利石含量降低。自西往东,伊利石结晶度值降低,化学指数升高。根据Q型聚类分析获得的黏土矿物组合特征,结合周缘陆地的地质背景、河流及洋流情况,对研究区进行了黏土矿物组合分区,讨论了其黏土矿物来源。楚科奇海表层沉积物黏土矿物组合在靠近阿拉斯加一侧海域以Ⅰ类为主,靠东西伯利亚海一侧主要有Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类和Ⅳ类,中部主要为Ⅵ类,主要是西伯利亚和阿拉斯加的火山岩、变质岩以及一些含高岭石的沉积物以及古土壤等,经风化、河流搬运入海,在北太平洋的3股洋流及西伯利亚沿岸流的作用下沉积形成的。西北冰洋深水区表层沉积物的黏土矿物组合以Ⅰ类和Ⅴ类为主,表明其沉积物来源为欧亚陆架和加拿大北极群岛周缘海域的海冰沉积和大西洋水体的搬运以及加拿大马更些河的河流物质输入。  相似文献   

18.
东海中陆架晚第四纪底栖有孔虫定量分析   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
利用东海中陆架EY02-1孔的柱状样品对底栖有孔虫动物群进行了定量分析研究,结合Q型因子分析及AMS“C测年数据,对东海中陆架古水团演化进行了初步探讨。Q型因子分析得到5个主因子.方差累积贡献为84.9%,这5个有孔虫组合在钻孔相关层位上反映特定的古水团特征。主因子1为Elphidium magellanicum组合,代表低温低盐沿岸水团(5~10m);主因子2为Bolivina robusta组合,代表中陆架水团(50~100m);主因子3为Protelphidium tuberculatum组合,代表外延的古黄海冷水团;主因子4为Florilus decorus组合,代表内陆架水团(0~50m);主因子5为Epistominella naraensis组合,代表水体较凉的水深大于30m的内陆架水团。结果表明,冰后期以古长江冲淡水为主体的低温低盐沿岸水团、中陆架水团及内陆架水团交替影响EY02-1孔附近中陆架。在氧同位素3期以古长江冲淡水为主体的东海沿岸流与外延的古黄海冷水团控制着有孔虫组合。在氧同位素5a-5c期间,EY02-1孔附近中陆架可能已受到古黄海冷水团的影响。该孔顶部11.4m含大量贝壳的细砂沉积可能对应氧同位素1期U2层潮流沙脊脊部沉积,细砂平均沉积速率高达0.877mm/a。  相似文献   

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