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《海洋与湖沼》编辑部 《海洋科学》2012,36(3):127-128
东海混浊海域悬沙浓度的三维数值模拟及与观测的比较
借助ECOMSED模式进行了东海混浊水海域三维悬浮泥沙输运的数值模拟，其中水动力模拟中考虑了潮汐、海流（包括黑潮，长江径流等）及风场的作用，输运模型中考虑了黏性泥沙的絮凝、黏性和非黏性泥沙的再悬浮等过程。结果显示：悬沙浓度在水平分布上由近岸向外海浓度降低，123°E以东浓度低于10mg／L。泥沙高值区分布在长江口及杭州湾海域。 相似文献
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研究了波致底切应力和二维辐射应力对悬沙的作用.首先对东山湾的水动力进行了数值模拟并与实测资料进行了对比检验,然后对东山湾悬浮泥沙进行了考虑波浪和不考虑波浪两种情况下的数值模拟并与实测资料进行了相关对比分析.在模式建立过程中,依据东山湾独特的窄口型半封闭河口海湾的特点,基于ECOMSED模式（2002）建立了东山湾三维水动力模型,并通过第三代海浪模式MASNUM加入了波浪对底切应力及辐射应力的影响,通过ECOMSED中的底边界层模型考虑了波浪增强底摩擦的作用,综合分析了东山湾的水动力及泥沙状况.结果表明在东山湾数值模拟中,该模式能较好地模拟这类海域的水动力及泥沙输运状况.在东山湾模拟计算中,潮流的作用强于波浪的作用,但考虑波浪因素后,泥沙模拟结果更好.在波浪的作用中,底切应力相比于二维辐射应力占有绝对的优势,两者相差2个量级以上,因此可以不考虑二维辐射应力的影响. 相似文献
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研究近海海域水流、悬沙运动规律，运用基于COHERENS发展的水动力悬沙模型COHERENS-SED,结合当地一般波浪条件，模拟了青岛近海悬浮泥沙输运情况，并验证及分析了水动力环境及悬沙输运的模拟结果。结果表明：在波流合作用下，近岸掀沙明显，大潮期间该海域近岸悬沙浓度值最高可达50mg／L。 相似文献
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基于2014年夏季浙江沿岸陆架区的水文、泥沙、底质沉积物等实测资料，运用物质通量分析方法和Gao-Collins粒径趋势分析法，探讨了泥沙的输运通量、输运方向、动力机制及净输运趋势。夏季，近岸含沙量规律性较强，由西至东逐渐降低，由南至北逐渐升高，且与潮流有非常好的对应关系，呈现出明显的潮周期变化特征。研究区净悬沙通量自岸向外海迅速变小，悬沙输运中平流输运占主导地位，其次是垂向净环流对悬沙输运的影响，近岸海域表现为向海输沙，30 m以深海域表现为东北向输沙，同时台湾暖流的屏障作用也影响了悬沙向海扩散。粒径趋势分析显示浙江沿岸陆架表层沉积物的长期输运机制为由东北向西南输运，在流系以及海底地形的影响下，中部海域出现粒径趋势较弱的沉积中心。而在夏季，悬浮泥沙主要为平行岸线向东北输运，估算每天进入研究海域的净悬浮泥沙约为1.9×106 t。 相似文献
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掌握黄河入海泥沙输运、沉积的规律可以为渤海沿岸经济发展的规划及环境保护管理提供理论参考。本文基于FVCOM(Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model)建立了三维水动力、泥沙耦合数值模式,利用实测水位、海流和悬沙资料,对模式进行了检验,模拟结果与观测符合较好。利用该模式研究了2007年夏季丰水丰沙期黄河入海泥沙的输运过程,并对渤海悬沙空间分布特征进行数值模拟。模式较好地再现了夏季黄河口入海泥沙的空间分布特征及底部冲淤状况。结合黄河口附近的潮流和余流特征,对悬沙分布特征和底部冲淤结果进行了分析,结果表明:黄河入海泥沙随余流向南和东南方向输运到莱州湾,在莱州湾中部向外海扩散,很可能沿东北方向进入渤海中部。在这个输运过程中,莱州湾表现为入海泥沙向外海扩散的通道。 相似文献
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基于中国近海生态环境、泥沙沉积、生态养殖等方面的研究和评价需要,本研究拟发展一套海洋生态-沉积-环境动力学耦合模式,包括生态、沉积物输运、精细化水质、养殖、物质扩散及粒子追踪和评估评价六个模块,其通过相互之间耦合,协同构成一个功能全面的系统模式。模式特别考虑沉积和养殖对水动力的作用、沉积物的光效应、有机颗粒物在海底的沉积和再悬浮等问题或过程。作为系统模式研究的先行工作,本文阐述了模式的理论基础,包括构建模型系统的概念框架,模式中典型的物理、生物、化学、沉积过程的理论介绍及其主要参数化表达方式,并给出了已有模块包括耦合模块的模拟结果。 相似文献
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《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2016,(5)
由于钓口流路行水时期普遍缺乏对河口和近海的系统观测,基于1976年黄河三角洲实测水深数据和汛期水沙数据,采用EFDC三维数值模式对钓口河口泥沙沉积动力过程进行了数值模拟研究。模型结果表明,钓口河口的羽状流和异重流的时空分布具有显著的潮周期变化特征。受与岸线平行的涨落潮流作用,表层羽状流的侧向摆动幅度较大,河口羽状流输沙主要平行于岸线方向,跨等深线的泥沙输运受到限制。汛期黄河入海的高浓度泥沙在钓口河口形成潜没的异重流,在底层沿河口轴线向北输运泥沙至三角洲前缘区域,泥沙输运通量比表层羽状流的输送通量高出一个数量级,且随着离岸距离的增大而呈指数形式快速衰减。随着水深增大,单宽泥沙通量的衰减速率逐渐减小。计算结果显示,由于汛期高浓度泥沙入海,钓口河口的异重流稳定存在,导致约75%的入海泥沙沉积在10m水深以浅的区域,25%的入海泥沙淤积在三角洲前缘外侧,异重流过程对汛期钓口河口泥沙向深水区输运和沉积具有控制作用。数值模拟结果与前人根据水深变化揭示的三角洲冲淤分布格局一致,与钻孔的沉积记录基本吻合。 相似文献
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The Yellow Sea general circulation model coupled to a sediment transport model with and without surface waves was implemented to study sediment distribution and resuspension in the northern Jiangsu shoal-water (NJSW) in March and April 2006–2008. With surface wave, the general features of model simulated turbidity maxima agreed well with the MODIS remote sensing data. Without wave, the turbidity maxima moved offshore with much reduced suspended sediment concentration (SSC). This demonstrated that surface waves played a dominant role over the tides to form the turbidity maxima in the region. The study also found that NJSW exported sediments to the Yellow Sea and East China Sea through offshore and southern boundaries. As March and April 2008 was a wind anomalous year with a decreased wind speed over last three years, the wind generated waves in the region were also reduced, leading to lower sediment resuspension and SSC in that year. 相似文献
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A hydrographic-sedimentological investigation was conducted in May 2001, aimed at assessing dynamic sedimentation patterns near and off the Changjiang River mouth, East China Sea. Current speed/direction, suspended sediment concentration (SSC), and turbidity were measured at eight nearshore and offshore sites, spanning a distance of ca. 150 km. The results identified a high-speed current ranging from 0.9 to 1.6 m/s at lower low water in the front of the turbidity maximum zone. This anomalous current, lasting about 4 h, was the fastest recorded over two semi-diurnal tidal cycles. Simultaneous measurements showed a high SSC (0.5 g/l) and high turbidity (>230 ppm) near the seafloor. This phenomenon would help explain periodic enhancement of sediment resuspension in the area, and an associated southward transport route from the Changjiang River mouth. 相似文献
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渤、黄、东海悬浮物质量浓度冬、夏季变化的数值模拟 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用HAMSOM三维正压水动力模型结合粒子追踪的悬浮颗粒物输运模型模拟了渤、黄、东海悬浮物质量浓度冬、夏季变化。模拟结果显示,潮流和底质对悬浮物质量浓度的分布有决定性的作用,沉积物再悬浮对悬浮物质量浓度分布影响大,冬季尤为显著。莱州湾中西部和渤海湾南部悬浮物终年维持高质量浓度,古黄河口冬季再悬浮物的质量浓度高于其它季节的。长江口附近悬浮物终年维持高质量浓度,夏季长江口东北悬浮物的质量浓度高于冬季的,浙江沿岸冬季悬浮物的质量浓度高于夏季的。 相似文献
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A preliminary study on fingerprinting approach in marine sediment dynamics with the rare earth elements 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Locating the quantitized natural sediment fingerprints is an important work for marine sediment dynamics study.The total of 146 sediment samples were collected from the Shelf of the East China Sea and five rivers,including Huanghe (Yellow),Changjiang (Yangtze),Qiantang,Ou and Min River.The sediment grain size and the contents of rare earth elements (REEs) were measured with laser particle size analyzer and ICP-MS technology.The results show that absolute REE content (ΣREE) and the concentration ratio of light REEs to heavy REEs (L/HREE) are different in the sediments among those rivers.There are higher REE contents in being less than 2 m and 2–31 μm fractions in the Changjiang Estuary surface sediments.The REE contents of bulk sediment are dominated by the corresponding values of those leading size-fractions.REE of sediment is higher close to the estuaries and declines seaward on the inner shelf of the East China Sea (ECS).The L/HREE ratio has a tendency of increase southward from 28 ? N.Hydrodynamic conditions plays a predominate role on spacial distributions of the surficial sediment’s REE parameters.In some situations,the currents tend to remove the coarser light grains from initial populations,as well as the deposit of the finer heavy mineral grains.In other situations,the currents will change the ratio of sediment constituents,such as ratio between silts and clays in the sediments.As a result,the various values of REE or L/HREE ratio in different bulk sediments are more affected by the change of size-fractions than source location.Under the long-term stable hydrodynamic environment,i.e.,the East China Sea Shelf,new sediment transport model based on the size and density gradation concept may help to understand the spatial distribution patterns of REE parameters. 相似文献
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悬浮体系指悬浮在水中,经过过滤能停留在滤膜或滤纸上的一切物质质点，其中包括泥沙颗粒、浮游生物及各种胶体物质等。悬浮体浓度分布是自然环境条件的综合反映，与物质来源，海洋环流、潮流、波浪等动力要素密切相关。因此，悬浮体浓度及运移途径是测试环境条件的重要参数，对其进行研究将对开发港口、合理利用土地资源、保护生态环境具有重要的实际意义，对于探讨现代沉积过程则具有理论意义。 相似文献
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东海大陆架常受台风侵扰, 强风浪在破坏水体结构的同时引起大量泥沙再悬浮。台风是影响东海表层悬沙浓度(suspended sediment concentration, SSC)的主要动力之一。本文将台风类型分为登陆和非登陆两大类共八种。基于GOCI (geostationary ocean color imager)遥感数据统计分析了2017~2020年9个不同类型台风事件对表层悬沙浓度时空分布的影响。结果表明, 近海活动型和远海活动型台风使SSC显著增高了150%~200%; 随着风速减小, SSC逐渐下降, 但需要3~4 d才能恢复至台风之前的SSC。风速变化与SSC变化率的相关性高达0.86。近海及远海活动型台风影响研究区域的风向为偏北风, 该类型台风使秋季SSC等值线向外海延伸, 出现舌状分布特点; 而登陆型台风影响研究区域的风向前期为偏北风, 后期为偏南风, 该类型台风使SSC等值线呈基本平行向外海移动较短距离, 但不出现向外海延伸的舌状分布。近海及远海活动型台风事件使SSC分布迅速向气候态平均天气下的冬季输运类型转变, 其中近海活动型台风对SSC分布的影响比远海活动型更显著。登陆型台风对研究区域SSC跨陆架方向分布的影响比远海活动型台风更小。 相似文献
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长江口及邻近海域细颗粒沉积物中重金属的空间分布及沉积通量 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
长江每年输送大量的泥沙进入东海,其中细颗粒沉积物具有搬运距离远、扩散范围大的特点,成为示踪河口及近海沉积物源汇过程的良好载体。本文基于采自长江口及邻近海域的44个表层沉积物样品,分析了细颗粒组分中重金属的空间分布和沉积通量,探讨了重金属来源和搬运沉积过程。研究表明:长江口及邻近海域细颗粒沉积物中Cu、Cr、Ni、V和Zn含量、沉积通量的空间分布具有高度的相似性,总体表现为长江口及浙闽沿岸高,向外急剧降低;该区细颗粒沉积物中的重金属主要来自长江,入海后向两个方向扩散,其一为向西南方向扩散,沉积于内陆架泥质区;其二是向东的跨陆架输送,沉积于长江冲淡水影响的海域。从长江口向西南方向的输送和沉积是长江入海重金属最重要的汇。 相似文献
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长江口外海域三维水动力模拟结果及与观测的比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Base on ECOMSED model, a theree-dimensional hydrodynamic model is developed in the offshore area near the Changjing Estuary in the East China Sea. This model in driven by tide and wind,as well as inflow and outflowcurrents such as Kuroshio,Changjing runoff. The horizontal resolution is 1/20°. There have 11 layers on the verticaldirection. The numerical results of 4 main constituents of tide(M2,S2,K1,O1)and currents are in good agreement with observation data. Compared with 20 gauge stations,the mean absolute erroe between the caluclated M2 tidal amplitude and the observed oned is only 6.72cm; the mean absolute error of phased-lag is 5.23°.For S2,the mean absolute errors of amplitude and phased-lag are 3.67cm and 7.21°,respectively. The mean absolute errors of amplitude and phased-lag for K1 are 3.25cm and 6.63° For O1,the mean absolute error of calculation and observation is relatively small, amwith observation data measured during Aug., 2006 in the East China Sea.The correlation coeffiients of current between simulation and observation are greater than 0.75 generally. The three-dimensional hydrodynamic model develiped by this paper can well describe the characters of elevation and current in the offshore near the Changjiang Estuary and can be used as hydrodynamic background to simulate the suspend sediment transport in this sea area. 相似文献