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为研究山西阳泉寺家庄煤矿构造软煤发育规律,采用PNN概率神经网络反演技术对研究区煤层顶板岩性进行反演,从而对构造软煤进行预测。以自然伽马曲线为约束条件,通过分析目标区顶板砂岩、泥岩密度与自然伽马的响应特征,对叠后三维地震数据进行PNN反演。结果表明:15号煤层顶板砂岩对应低自然伽马值,且与构造软煤发育呈正相关性。通过研究煤层顶板砂岩分布规律,可间接预测构造软煤的空间发育特征。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地渭北区块地质历史时期受多期构造运动影响,煤体结构复杂。基于研究区钻井煤心和测井资料,分析不同煤体结构的测井响应特征,并按断裂带与非断裂带建立了研究区5号煤层煤体结构的测井识别图版。结果表明,5号煤层纵向上自下而上煤体结构趋于完整;平面上,北区煤体结构主要为碎裂煤和碎粒煤,南区煤体结构相对较完整,局部发育原生结构煤。结合研究区煤层气压裂、排采数据和5号煤层煤体结构及顶板发育情况,分析不同顶板岩性与不同射开比例下的产气效果。结果显示:顶板岩性为砂岩或泥质砂岩时的碎裂煤和碎粒煤储层产气量高于顶板岩性为泥岩或砂质泥岩的产气量。煤体结构越破碎,则顶板射开比例R越高,若煤层顶板岩性为砂岩或泥质砂岩,需增大顶板射开比例。 相似文献
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煤层顶板为高承压砂岩含水层,煤层开采过程中,为解决上覆砂岩含水层带来的顶板垮落及裂隙导水等安全问题,以鄂尔多斯盆地南部巴彦高勒矿井3-1煤层及顶板为研究对象,基于矿井地质、水文地质、开采技术条件及现场矿压显现特征,采用现场压力试验法和数值模拟法相结合,研究3-1煤顶板垮落裂缝带的发育特征,以及煤层在大采深、高矿压、高水压条件下的煤层覆岩运移特征及其主控因素。结果表明:数值模拟和现场压力试验结果基本一致,判断3-1煤开采后,顶板垮落带发育高度为38.7m,顶板垮落裂缝带最大高度为126m,裂采比为23.7。为煤矿预测煤层顶板裂隙带发育高度提供了一种新的方法。研究结果对内蒙古呼吉尔特矿区乃至周边相似地质条件矿区的安全开采和煤层顶板防、隔水煤柱的留设提供测试方法和参考依据。 相似文献
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EXB矿区主要目的层为一套泛滥平原河流相含煤碎屑岩沉积地层,煤层顶板岩性空间变化快,预测难度大。针对该问题,本文利用测井岩石物理分析建立煤、中砂岩、细砂岩和泥质砂岩的波阻抗频率直方图:煤的波阻抗值较小,主要范围3 000~6 300 m/s·（g/cm3）;中砂岩的波阻抗值域范围5 500~10 000 m/s·（g/cm3）;由于细砂岩和泥质砂岩性质接近,在波阻抗上无法区分,将两者合并处理,值域范围6 000~12 000 m/s·（g/cm3）。然后利用叠后地震反演计算波阻抗体,利用岩相与流体概率分析技术预测煤层顶板岩性的空间展布。结果表明,地震预测的岩性及其厚度的宏观变化趋势与钻井揭示结果基本一致,岩性平面厚度分布规律与沉积环境相符。 相似文献
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在对东营凹陷145个岩性油藏含油性统计分析的基础上,结合典型岩性油藏和典型落空圈闭的剖析,对岩性油藏成藏主控因素和成藏模式进行了系统研究。岩性油藏成藏主要受构造沉积背景、烃源岩(围岩)生排烃强度和砂体储集物性等3个因素控制,不同的构造带上具有不同的成藏模式。洼陷带主要发育典型的自生自储自盖的砂岩透镜体油藏,陡坡带主要发育砂岩透镜体、物性封闭、砂岩上倾尖灭、构造-岩性油藏组合,缓坡带、中央背斜带的翼部主要发育砂岩透镜体、砂岩上倾尖灭和断层-岩性油藏。 相似文献
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李村煤矿为新建矿井,位于潞安矿区西部深埋区,计划开采山西组3号煤,矿井水害为煤层顶板砂岩裂隙水.在分析矿井水文地质条件的基础上,采用瞬变电磁探测成果,对3号煤顶板富水规律进行了研究,认为首采区的各含水层的富水区与构造相差程度高,且为片状分布,主要分布于两个较大倾斜构造和X7陷落柱及工业广场南部的陷落柱附近.采用富水系数法和解析法对井井底车场和首采工作面的涌水量进行了预测,认为富水系数法计算的涌水量成果较为可靠;利用承压含水层非稳定流定降深法对首采区1302工作面的涌水量进行了动态预测,发现顶板砂岩含水层是以疏干充水为特征.该研究对李村煤矿矿井建设及采区生产的防治水工作具有指导意义,同时对于山西潞安矿区西部煤层深埋区新建矿井排水系统及矿井防治水措施具有重要的参考作用. 相似文献
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在充分掌握地质勘探资料的基础上,利用井下物探和钻探等技术,对鄂尔多斯盆地蒙陕矿区深埋煤层首采工作面顶板水文地质条件进行了深入研究。结果表明,31101工作面顶板导水裂缝带范围内共发育三层含水层,从下往上依次为3-1煤顶板含水层、2-1煤顶板含水层和直罗组下段含水层;富水区域主要分布于2-1煤层顶板到直罗组下段岩层之间,岩性为中粒砂岩、中粗粒砂岩。切眼附近和旧回撤通道附近钻孔涌水量和水压波动较大,这两个区域顶板水富水不均一性较明显;中间位置顶板含水层发育较稳定,钻孔涌水量和水压也相对稳定,富水性比较均一。井下物探在切眼附近和旧回撤通道附近圈定的低阻异常区,主要由地层岩性和富水性等引起。 相似文献
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层序地层学在隐蔽圈闭预测中的应用--以松辽盆地南部为例 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
根据松辽盆地南部地区典型的反演地震剖面及典型井的体系域、层序的发育特征,在松辽盆地南部地区共识别出9个层序、12个体系域,并应用层序地层学理论对松辽盆地南部地区青山口组及姚家组隐蔽圈闭进行了预测.研究结果表明:砂岩透镜体岩性圈闭主要分布于青二段及姚二三段高水位体系域;砂岩上倾尖灭岩性圈闭主要分布于姚一段水进及高水位体系域;地层超覆圈闭主要分布于各个水进体系域;断层-岩性圈闭和构造-岩性圈闭可以分布于各个体系域,分别取决于断层和构造发育层位. 相似文献
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本文从区域构造演化及构造特征、"三软"煤层(顶、底板和煤层均破碎的煤层及组合)分布及瓦斯特性和构造煤瓦斯内能释放等方面探讨了新密矿区低临界值瓦斯动力现象发生的机理及地质控制作用。研究结果表明:新密矿区构造演化具有多期叠加改造的性质,中、新生代拉张裂陷环境中形成的重力滑动构造对"三软"煤层的普遍发育具有重要控制作用,"三软"煤层的形成及组合形式影响井田瓦斯赋存和构造应力环境的非均衡性;顺煤层断层、煤层流变的规模及构造煤的发育程度是低临界值瓦斯动力发生的主控因素;高应力环境下"三软"煤层中构造煤的初期内能释放是激发低临界值瓦斯动力现象发生的关键;对低临界值瓦斯动力区域的预测可以通过对煤层流变和瓦斯初期解吸能的研究来实现。 相似文献
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A number of studies have shown that development areas of weak deformation brittle series of tectonically deformed coal are often the favorable areas for coalbed methane development, and the distribution area of the mylonitic coal of ductile deformation is a danger zone of mine gas outburst. Therefore, faced with solving the key scientific issues and technical problems of the coal bed methane exploration and development and gas outburst prediction and evaluation, more and more attention has been paid to the research on tectonically deformed coal. This paper first systematically elaborated the main research progress on the concept and classification of tectonically deformed coals, their deformation characteristics, and the pore fissure structure and chemical structure. Then, it pointed out that there was a lack of research on the ductile deformation mechanism of coal, and this key scientific problem needs further research in the future. It seemed that the structural and geochemical process of chemical elements migration and accumulation during coal deformation was a new field which is worth exploring. Through refining stress sensitive elements, their distribution and evolution patterns in different stress-strain environments and different types of tectonically deformed coals might be revealed, and then they could become a predictive index which indicates the significance of distribution of tectonically deformed coals and gas outburst prediction. It was thought that geophysical response characteristics and research of detection theory and interpretation method of different types of tectonically deformed coal and gas enrichment area should be an important development direction in the future. 相似文献
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煤矿井下石门揭煤诱发的煤与瓦斯突出是一种十分复杂的矿井地质动力灾害,严重威胁着煤矿安全高效生产。选取辽宁红山煤矿为工程背景,运用FLAC3D模拟分析矿井南翼瓦斯突出危险区石门揭12煤过程中围岩力学响应特征,揭示石门揭煤突出机理,提出瓦斯预抽措施配以改进金属骨架的综合防突技术方案。研究结果表明:石门揭12煤期间,工作面超前支承压力随石门掘进动态前移,距煤层6 m范围内,工作面前方围岩掘进扰动强烈,煤体出现明显应力集中现象,垂直应力为15~19 MPa,已超过煤体强度。同时,石门工作面围岩变形量急剧增大,顶板下沉位移为15~92.22 cm,煤体弹性变形能积聚;工作面围岩塑性区范围也迅速扩展,在石门中线垂直剖面上的面积为10~50 m2,裂纹贯通形成碎煤射流通道。综合模拟结果可知,石门揭12煤过程中煤体承载较高集中应力和瓦斯压力,且储存大量弹性变形能,极易诱发突出。基于此,在传统瓦斯预抽防突措施的基础上,对现有金属骨架防突技术进行改进,使其同时具备瓦斯预抽、煤体固化和超前支护的综合防突作用,并通过现场应用取得了良好效果,为类似条件石门揭煤防突研究提供重要借鉴和参考。 相似文献
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石门揭煤突出模拟实验台的设计与应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于石门揭煤过程中采掘应力场与瓦斯突出关系研究的需要,针对目前石门揭煤突出模型还处在实验室研究的阶段,而大部分都未能综合考虑瓦斯压力、地应力、煤的物理力学性质等对突出的影响,研制出一套能够综合考虑地应力、瓦斯压力及煤体结构的石门揭煤突出模拟试验系统。为取得准确、客观的试验效果,进行了密封、快速开启装置及氮气平衡系统等关键技术的设计,介绍了试验系统的主要组成结构、功能。利用该实验台进行石门揭煤突出试验,试验结果反映出在突出过程中地应力和瓦斯压力的变化情况,可为研究和揭示煤与瓦斯突出机制、突出过程中地应力和瓦斯压力的变化规律提供新的技术手段。 相似文献
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为深入探讨硬煤的煤与瓦斯突出机制,对深部硬煤掘进工作面煤与瓦斯突出的相关理论和模型试验进行研究。根据断裂力学、岩石力学及煤与瓦斯突出有关理论,提出深部开采过程中硬煤掘进工作面薄板理论假设,并将该理论应用于深部硬煤掘进工作面煤与瓦斯突出模拟试验研究。对硬煤掘进工作面薄板理论分析,认为工作面尺寸、煤的弹性模量、围岩侧压系数、瓦斯压力等因素对硬煤掘进工作面突出具有较大影响。试验结果表明,在围岩应力、煤的坚固性系数较大的情况下,硬煤突出临界条件主要受围岩应力、煤的弹性模量、围岩侧压系数及工作面尺寸等因素影响,而受瓦斯压力影响相对较小;在围岩应力、试样的坚固性系数较大且煤的弹性模量和侧压系数稳定不变的情况下,发生突出的临界轴向应力随模拟工作面尺寸增大而近似呈线性减小。试验结论基本符合本硬煤突出薄板模型理论公式,在一定程度上验证了硬煤掘进工作面煤薄板模型理论及硬煤掘进工作面突出机制假设。 相似文献
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Coal and gas outburst disasters in coal seams are becoming more serious as coal mines extend deeper underground in China. Furthermore, the protective coal seam mining technology featured by economic efficiency has been proven to be the most effective and widely applied method for the prevention of coal and gas outburst disasters. However, the determinations of the protective area coal and gas outburst prevention in a pressure-relief boundary area are fundamental issues that research should be focused on. The technical method for determining stress distribution in pressure-relief boundary area during protective coal seam mining is put forward in this paper. The method is based on a stress-seepage coupled relationship within a gas-containing coal seam. The method includes complex lab experiments and on-site measurements at the Qingdong Coal Mine. The final data illustrate that the permeability and vertical stress in the pressure-relief boundary area of the coal sample form a negative exponential function relationship. Additionally, the permeability of the coal sample within the abovementioned area is significantly different compared with that located at the center of the pressure-relief area. In the pressure-relief boundary area, the gas pressure distribution gradient is 0.0375 MPa/m, while the vertical stress distribution gradient registers 0.56 MPa/m. Under this condition, coal and gas outburst disasters are prone to be triggered. Therefore, effective precautions against coal and gas outburst disasters can be put forward in accordance with stress distribution characteristics within the abovementioned “boundary area.” 相似文献
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Gas outburst disasters and the mining technology of key protective seam in coal seam group in the Huainan coalfield 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Coal and gas outburst disasters in coal seams are becoming more serious as coal mines extend deeper underground in China. To aid gas control in high-gas outburst coal seam group, this study performed research based on the geological conditions of the Xinzhuangzi coal mine in the Huainan coalfield. The laws of gas occurrence, the strength of the coal outburst, and the regional partition were studied. Simultaneously, we introduced the key protective seam mining technology and confirmed the mining sequence of coal seam groups. The results indicate that (1) each seam absorbs gas well, and the currently measured gas content is up to 15.0 m3/t. (2) Although some differences about coal seams outburst intensity remain, the differences in the same group are very small. (3) The coal seam B10 was chosen as the key protective seam and was mined first; then adjacent seams were mined from bottom to top by layer within the roof of B10 and from top-to-bottom within the floor of B10 to guarantee each adjacent coal seam received the good effects of pressure-relief and increasing permeability. (4) The main methods of gas extraction in each protected seam are surface boreholes and net-like penetrating boreholes in the floor roadway, and related technical parameters were determined according to the degree of pressure-relief in coal seam. This in situ experiment indicates a method aiding the gas control problem and guaranteeing safe and highly efficient exploitation of high-gas outburst seams. 相似文献
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突出了大区域构造背景下的瓦斯赋存分布特征及其控制因素研究。重庆煤矿区古今构造应力场具有继承性,煤系应力长期得不到松弛,形成含煤岩系的长期应力集中,十分利于瓦斯富集,致使煤与瓦斯突出主要发生在地质构造变动比较剧烈的应力集中区。含煤岩系沉积环境及构造应力场是控制重庆煤矿区瓦斯赋存的两大地质因素。龙潭组海湾-潮坪-沼泽/泥炭相沉积环境具有良好的封盖能力,瓦斯含量普遍较高;须家河组河流冲积平原、湖滨-三角洲沉积体系对瓦斯的封盖能力较弱,瓦斯含量普遍较低。厘定出南桐高突瓦斯带、华蓥山高突瓦斯带、永荣高瓦斯带、渝东南瓦斯带、渝东瓦斯带和大巴山高瓦斯带6个区域性瓦斯地质带。 相似文献
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By analyzing the gas occurrence, it is found that ground stress plays a leading role in coal and gas outburst in eastern coal mines of Nos. 8, 10 and 12 in Pingdingshan Mining Area where show the most serious outburst hazards. According to the isograms of coal seam depth in F Group, the relationship between the distributions of the fold tectonic stress and the coal and gas outburst was simulated using the ANSYS program. The result shows that the stress concentrates near to the fault and the outcrop of the fault enhances the possibility of gas outburst. The shear stress in the north of the anticline is greater than that in the south. The shear stress direction on the north wing of the anticline is dextral and the coal seam in this area exhibits highest possibility for gas outburst. However, on the surrounding rock, the shear stress direction on the north wing of the anticline is sinistral. The regions with fold tectonic stress ranging from 1.44 to 4.47 MPa correspond to the sites with high risk of gas outburst. Ground stress is the main factor controlling the coal and gas outburst in the three mines. Currently, the distribution of coal and gas outburst in the three mines is in agreement with that of coal shear stress. 相似文献